查询词典 surgery

objectiveto investigate the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic duodenal rupture.methodthe clinical data of 13 patients with traumatic duodenal rupture hospitalized from may 1991 to december 2008 were retrospectively analyzed,and the material cause was automobile accident mainly.resultsin these 13 patients,after hospitalization,6 cases were diagnosed in 3 hours,4 cases were diagnosed in 24～72 hours,and 3 cases were diagnosed after 72 hours.three cases with duodenal cleft repair,2 cases with duodenal ostomy,2 cases with duodenum and jejunum roux-en-y anastomosis,1 case with duodenal diverticular surgery,1 case with meliorative duodenal diverticular surgery,1 case with duodenal broken ends closure and anastomosis of stomach with jejunum,1 case with duodenal distal closure and anastomosis of duodenal local with jejunum,and 2 cases with resections of pancreas duodenum.after the operation,6 cases (46.2%) appeared some complications of wound infection,duodenal fistula,digestive tract hemorrhage,pancreatic fistula,abdomen infection and so on.two cases (15.4%) died from multiple system organ failure and septic shock.conclusionthe early diagnosis and correct operation style selection are the keys for duodenal rupture.

目的：探讨外伤性十二指肠破裂的诊断和治疗方法。方法：回顾分析外伤性十二指肠破裂患者13例临床资料。结果：入院后3 h内确诊6例，24～72 h内确诊4例，72 h后确诊3例。3例行十二指肠裂口修补，2例行十二指肠造瘘，2例行十二指肠空肠roux-en-y吻合，1例行十二指肠憩室化手术，1例行改良十二指肠憩室化手术，1例行十二指肠两断端关闭、胃空肠吻合，1例行十二指肠远端关闭、近端与空肠端侧吻合，2例行胰十二指肠切除术。术后6例(46.2%)出现切口感染、十二指肠瘘、消化道出血、胰瘘或腹腔感染等并发症，2例(15.4%)患者死亡，分别死于多器官系统衰竭和感染中毒性休克。结论：早期诊断与正确的术式选择是成功救治外伤性十二指肠破裂的关键。

LeFortⅠosteotomy is an important surgical method in midfacial obsolete fractures management. The cephalometric radiography and model surgery should be performed depending on the principles of orthognathic surgery before LeFort Ⅰosteotomy. The other fractures of facial bones besides maxilla should be managed surgically in the same operation.

LeFort Ⅰ型截骨术是治疗陈旧性面中部骨折的重要手术方法，术前应依照正颌外科原则进行X线头影测量和模型外科准备，术中应同期进行上颌骨骨折之外的其他面骨骨折的复位固定。

Phillippe Mouret . From then on, many laparoscopic surgery have replaced conventional open surgery as the standard procedures, eg. cholecystectomy, Nissen fundoplicationand adrenalectomy etc.

此后，许多腹腔镜手术作为常规手术方法代替了传统的开放手术，如胆囊切除术，尼森胃底折叠术和肾上腺切除术等。

Objective: To evaluate the treatment effect of endoscopic sinus surgery for mycosis sphenoiditis.Method:From 1995 to 1998, 9 patients of mycosis sphenoiditis were treated with endoscopic sinus surgery.

摘 要：目的：探讨经鼻内窥镜治疗真菌性蝶窦炎的手术方法方法：9例真菌性蝶窦炎患者，均采用鼻窦内窥镜手术治疗。

Therefore more attention should be paid to its prevention.The management of NABS mainly includes interventional therapy and surgery,among which interventional therapy is a important treatment.To the patients who failed interventional therapy and surgery, retransplantaiton is indicated.

NABS的治疗主要包括介入治疗和手术治疗，其中胆管介入治疗在NABS的临床处理中仍占重要地位，对于介入治疗、外科手术重建胆道等措施均无法控制其进行性发展的重度NABS病人，应把握好时机行再次肝移植。

Such as null and void and then surgery, surgery is the best time a half years old.

如无效再用手术治疗，手术的最佳时期是1岁半。

Conclution On the basis of combination of closed and open techniques, the IBM technique with improvement strategies including the facial recess approach, the staging surgery, obliterating residual space, canal and mastoid plasty was adopted in mastoitympanoplasty. The IBM surgery is a reasionable choice for the otitis media and mastotoiditis with cholesteatoma or osteitis.

以乳突鼓室成形术的闭合技术和开放技术为出发点，在保留低位骨桥后对相关技术加以改进，综合运用面隐窝处理、缺损组织的填充与修复、分期手术、耳道生理形态的恢复与成形等现代耳显微外科技术，IBM手术效果良好。

By the exact Ming and Qing dynasties, it has formed three main academic schools of TCM surgery.In European, almost at the same time as Renaissance, Paracelsus's medical revolution and the establish of anatomy and pathology all encouraged the development of western surgery.

本文重点对产生不同外科学的社会背景、科学技术的影响、学派特点和两种医学的外科发展的不同取向进行比较研究，并简要讨论了中西方两种医学尤其是外科学方面的交流以及一些具体疾病的治疗经验的比较。

objective to investigate the paregoric effects of butorphanol when the errhysis occurs inside the epidural catheter during continuous epidural anesthesia.methods 60 cases of kidney stones received elective surgery.during this surgery they underwent continuous epidural anesthesia and eight cases of them showed the errhysis in the epidural catheter.then epidural injection of butorphanol was given for analgesia and hr,map,spo2 as well as muscle relaxation conditions were monitored before and 5,10,20 min after injection.the conscious and breathing of patients were also monitored.results before and 5,10,20 min after injection of butorphanol,hr and map difference were not statistically significant.the analgesic results were satisfactory.conclusion butorphanol has a definite analgesic effect when the errhysis occurs in epidural catheter during continuous epidural anesthesia.

目的 探讨在连续硬膜外麻醉中，硬膜外导管内渗血时，应用布托啡诺镇痛的效果。方法择期行肾结石手术患者60例，行连续硬膜外麻醉，其中8例硬膜外导管内渗血，均经硬膜外腔注入布托啡诺镇痛，分别监测注入前及注入后5 、10 、20 min，hr、map、spo2及肌肉松驰情况，同时监测患者神志及呼吸情况。结果注射布托啡诺前及注射后5、10、20 min，hr、map差异无统计学意义，镇痛效果满意。结论在连续硬膜外麻醉中硬膜外导管渗血时，注入布托啡诺维持麻醉镇痛效果明确。

Main courses including: Human anatomy, histology and embryology, physiology, biological chemistry, medical immunology, medical microbiology, pathological physiology, introduction to general practice, Medical Ethics and health regulation, radiodiagnostics, nuclear medicine, integration of fundamental medicine, Pathology, pharmacology, diagnosis, introduction to surgery, internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatry, integration of clinical medicine, clinical medicine statistics, clinical epidemiology, bio-medical informatics, psychiatry, neurology, lemology, traditional Chinese medical science.

主要课程：人体解剖学，组织胚胎学，生理学，生物化学，医学免疫学，医学微生物学，病理生理学，全科医学概论，医学伦理卫生法规，放射诊断学，核医学，基础医学综合课程，病理学，药理学，诊断学，外科学总论，内科学，外科学，妇产科学，儿科学，临床医学综合课程，临床医学统计学，临床流行病学，生物医学信息学，精神病学，神经病学，传染病学，中医学等。办公地点：理1-415，办公室电话：

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。