查询词典 summation formula

The evaluation method and algorithm of shape error (roundness, plane straightness, space straightness, cylindricity) were discussed. A new kind of algorithm, namely mesh searching method, which can be used to evaluate the roundness error, plane straightness error, space straightness error and cylindricity error, were put forward. With this algorithm, the shape error can be obtained by transferring the distance formula repeatedly and simple judgment without linearzing the distance formula (from point to point or point to line) and choosing optimal direction and step length.

对形状误差(圆度、平面直线度、空间直线度、圆柱度)的评定方法及算法进行了讨论，提出了一种评价圆度误差、平面直线度误差、空间直线度误差及圆柱度误差的新算法——网格搜索法，该算法不需要对距离公式线性化，也不需要选定优化方向和优化步长，只需重复调用距离公式和简单的判断即可得到符合定义的形状误差。

FBG sensing technology and its recent progress in applications isintroduced systematically;the coupled-mode theory and the sensing principleof FBG are expatiated and the Bragg formula and reflectivity formula arededuced;the work principle, variety and essential characteristic of PZT areexpatiated in detail, and the configuration of PZT parts of an apparatus issummarized. The mechanism of piezoelectric electrostriction is analyzeddeeply, and the normalized control model is introduced aiming at analyzinghysteresis characteristic, and an electrical polarization intensity control methodbased on the aforementioned model which can effectively reduce the hysteresischaracteristic is discussed.

论文系统地介绍了光纤光栅传感技术及其应用的研究进展状况；详细地阐述了光纤光栅的耦合模理论及光纤布喇格光栅的传感机理；推导出了光纤布喇格光栅的布喇格公式和反射率公式；详细地阐述了压电陶瓷的工作原理、种类和基本特性，总结了压电陶瓷器件的结构形式，深入地分析研究了压电陶瓷逆压电效应及电致伸缩机理，并针对其迟滞特性给出了压电陶瓷归一化控制模型，在此模型基础上采用电极化强度控制方法有效地降低了压电陶瓷的迟滞特性。

Based on the Peterson type formula and the Topper type formula, two formule of effective stress concentration factor are developed.

本文考虑了材料、受载形式、尺寸、错位量、焊接残余应力以及焊趾根部短裂纹对错位板节点疲劳强度的影响，在Peterson公式和Topper公式的基础上，分别建立了两个估算这类节点疲劳强度的有效应力集中系数的公式。

In this paper the errors in formula (2) are detected by analysis made on the principle of area substitution,and methods for reducing errors is presented which are capable of a higher degree of accuracy in maximum proximation for Gaussian distribu- tion and fractile formula.

从而得到精度很高的 Gauss 分布函数极大迫近式和分位数公式，并指出精确度明显优于 Hastings 和 Shannelerlan 公式。

In order to improve the precision of the altimetry gravity computed by the inverse Stokes formula, the geoidal height of the innermost area is expressed as double cubic polynomial, and a formula to calculate gravity anomaly of this area is derived after the non-singular transformation is introduced.

为提高利用逆Stokes公式反演测高重力的精度，将中央区大地水准面高表示成双三次多项式插值形式，引入了非奇异变换，推导出了重力异常的计算公式。

From the respects of data fountain, stat item setting up, formula importing and glozing, the paper introduces how to use Excel array formula to deal with students achievement, realize automation and dynamic statistic.

从数据源、统计项目的建立，公式的输入、公式的解释等方面，介绍了如何利用Excel数组公式处理学生成绩，实现自动化和动态统计。

Process for the preparation of phosphatidylserine of formula wherein R and R independently represent a saturated, mono-unsaturated or polyunsaturated acyl C10-C30, X=OH or OM where M=alkaline or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium including the transphosphatidylation reaction between phosphatidylcholine of the general formula wherein R and R and X have the above specified meanings, R=CH2-CH2- NH2 o CH2-CH2-N(CH3)3 and Serine in D, L or racemic form catalysed by the phospholipase D enzyme, characterised in that said reaction is carried out in a hydroalcoholic medium containing an aliphatic alcohol and in the presence of bivalent metal oxide.

本发明涉及制备式CH 2 OR 1 CHOR 2 CH 2 O-P-OCH 2 -CH(NH 2 )-COOHX的磷脂酰丝氨酸的方法，其中R 1 和R 2 独立地表示饱和的、单不饱和的和/或多不饱和的酰基C 10 -C 30 ，X＝OH或OM，其中M＝碱或碱土金属、铵、烷基铵，该方法包括通式CH 2 OR 1 CHOR 2 CH 2 O-P-OR 3 X的磷脂酰胆碱其中R 1 和R 2 以及X具有上述特别的含义，R 3 ＝CH 2 -CH 2 -NH 2 或CH 2 -CH 2 -N (CH 3 3 与D、L或外消旋形式的丝氨酸之间的转磷脂酰化反应，该反应是通过磷脂酶D酶催化的，其特征在于所述的反应是在包含脂族醇的含水醇介质中并且在二价金属氧化物的存在下进行的。

One of the least publicized risks of infant formula is inescapably inherent in the consumption of any commercially prepared and mass-marketed food product: between 1982 and 1994 alone, there were twenty-two significant recalls of infant formula in the United States due to health and safety problems.

关于婴儿配方奶，极少被公开的风险之一就是：它与任何批量制造的商业化食品共同拥有的不可避免的内在特性。

The law how these factors influence the joint"s property was pointed out. A formula about the relationship between extrusion times and contamination remainder was founded. Main reason to bimetal"s inharmonic deformation was the difference of their mechanical property. Thereby, the empirical formula showing the relation between metal combination"s mechanical property and quality of joint was constructed. Integrated influence of extrusion times and metal"s mechanical property to quality of cold pressure welding joint was discussed.

在模拟结果分析和实验的基础上，对影响异种金属冷压焊焊接性的工艺因素进行了分析；探讨了诸因素对接头性能的影响规律，并且建立了挤压次数与界面污染物残留量之间的数学表达式；指出了两种材料力学性能差异是造成不协调塑性变形的主要原因，并且建立了材料力学性能与其冷压焊焊接性之间的经验公式；定性的讨论了挤压次数及材料力学性能对冷压焊接头性能的综合影响。

First, in accordance with calculate formula of a axis magnetic field in the step-tier limitedlengthily solenoid, calculate formula of a axis magnetic field in the multi-tier limited lengthily solenoidis exiserted.

首先根据单层、限长螺线管轴向磁场的计算公式，推导出多层、限长轴向磁场的计算公式。

Nowadays, most of research are to build a transmutative Petri Nets through adding controlling place sets, controlling arc sets and controlling policy to the basic Petri Nets, while the Controlled Petri Nets could be used to argue many controlling theory problems conveniently and to induce many logically and physically supervisory and solve the Event Feedback Controlling Problems and State Feedback Controlling Problem in DEDS supervisory theory.

目前大多数的研究表现为在变形后的受控Petri网基础上，利用各种方法求得各种逻辑型、结构型控制器，解决DEDS监控理论中的事件反馈控制问题与状态反馈控制问题。

On one hand, there are discussions with the works council and union about extension of short time working up to the end of September.

一方面，有讨论，工程理事会和联盟关于延长工作时间短至9月底。