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If ris also irreducible in Z_nand f~n~κ≡fmodn,r(xfor all f∈Z_nthen we call n a Carmichael number of orderκmodulo r.Denote the set of all such numbers by C_κ,r(x.Define C_κ=∪_r(xC_κ,r(x,where rpasses through all monic irreducible polynomials over Z of degreeκ.We call elements of the set C_κCarmichael numbers of orderκ.ZHU and SUN[Journal of Sichuan University,42;1(2005), 47-51]first gave a necessary condition for Carmichael numbers of order 3.Then they gave a sufficient condition for Carmichael numbers of order 3,but did not find any such numbers less than 10~8 satisfying the sufficient condition.At last,they asked three questions;1.is the necessary condition also sufficient?

f∈Z_n，就称n是模r的κ阶Carmichael数，用C_κ，r(x表示所有这种数的集合，定义C_κ=∪_r(xC_κ，r(x，这里r跑遍Z中所有κ次首一不可约多项式，C_κ里面的元素就称为κ阶Carmichael数，C_κ称为κ阶Carmichael数集，朱文余和孙琦[四川大学学报，42；1(2005)，47-51]首先给出了3阶Carmichael数的一个必要条件；然后又给出了这种数的一个充分条件，并发现10~8内没有满足此充分条件的这种数；最后他们提出三个问题；一、问必要条件是否也是充分的？

As the development that studies to structure of protective screen of kidney spherule filtration and function, it is normal to realise VEGFR of sufficient cell surface shares sufficient cell gradually of structure and function maintain, mix in injury sufficient cell wither dies certain effect is produced in the process.

随着对肾小球滤过屏障结构和功能探究的深入，逐渐熟悉到足细胞表面VEGFR参和足细胞正常结构和功能的维持，在损伤和足细胞凋亡过程中发挥一定功能。

First of all,we tested the germination and water uptake rate of 47 species typical xerophil seeds grow up in north China from 20 families,38 genuses under sufficient water and different Grads water stress by high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol(PEG6000).The results show that Xerophil seeds from the same habitat exhibited similar patterns in response to water stress.Xerophil seeds from arid community were stronger in germination and imbibition than that from other two communities under serious water stress,whereas Xerophil seeds from humid community were sensitive to any degree of water stress.Namely,the seeds live in arid habitat possessed high germination and quickly water uptake in sufficient water or any degree of water stress,but the others grow up in humid habitat shown significant difference which germination and water uptake well under sufficient water but inhibited even if slight water stress.

首先，我们通过对20个科，38属，47种旱生植物种子在水分充足和不同梯度的干旱处理(聚乙二醇PEG6000)条件下的萌发率及吸水率实验发现，当水分胁迫强烈时，分布于干旱沙漠地区的植物种子其吸水率和萌发率都高于半干旱和湿润地区的植物群落，相反，湿润地区植物种子的吸水率和萌发率对任何的水分胁迫都表现出敏感的响应趋势，也就是说，生境恶劣的植物种子在较强的干旱胁迫下，仍然保持了较高较快的萌发率及吸水率，水分充足与水分缺乏时无显著差异，而生境相对较好的植物种子在水分充足情况下萌发与吸水良好，但在干旱胁迫时则受到明显抑制，水分充足与水分缺乏时差异显著。

In this project we obtain a sufficient and necessary condition for a finite group G has a p-block with a normal p-subgroup D as a defect group, a necessary and sufficient condition for a group which is an extension of a nilpotent group by an abelian group has a p-block of defect zero.

本项目中我们给出了正规p-子群是有限群G的亏群的一个充要条件和幂零群被交换群扩张的群有亏零块的充要条件。

All compartments shall be arranged with sufficient number of manholes to facility access to these areas, sufficient number of drain holes and air holes with appropriate size in area of bottom, transverse and longitudinal structures are required.

所有舱内设置足够数量的人孔以便出入，船底和纵、横结构设置足够数量的尺寸的流水孔和透气孔。

We posed the concept of sufficient intersection about s(1≤s≤n) algebraic hypersurfaces in n-dimensional space and proved the dimension of polynomial space Pm(which denotes the space of all multivariate polynomials of total degree≤m) on the algebraic manifold S=s(f1,…, fs) where f1(X=0,…, f s=0denote s algebraic hypersurfaces of sufficient intersection, then gave a convenient expression for dimension calculation by using the backw ard difference operator.

给出了n维空间中s(1≤s≤n)个代数超曲面充分相交的概念，证明了n元m次多项式空间Pm在充分相交的代数流形S=s(f1，…， fs)（f1=0，…， fs=0表示s个代数超曲面）上的维数，并利用倒差分算子给出一个方便计算的表达式；构造了沿代数流形上插值适定结点组的叠加插值法；证明了在充分相交的代数流形上任意次插值适定结点组的存在性；给出代数流形上插值适定结点组的性质和判定条件。

Paper studies the practical stability of electricity market models by tools, for example, the appropriate structure Lyapunov functions, Cauchy matrix, the matrix measure, constant variation. Judging practical stability sufficient conditions and estimating formula of ultimate convergence boundary are provided. Conditions are descriptive by coefficients of models. At the same time, paper studies the Lyapunov stability of the electricity market. As well as the sufficient conditions of judging electricity market Lyapunov stability are provided. Some of conclusions improved the results of Alvarado and others. The conclusion of Lyapunov stability has made a comparative with practical results.

首次将实用稳定性理论和方法应用于电力市场稳定性的研究中，借助于构造合适的Lyapunov函数、柯西矩阵、矩阵测度、常数变易法等工具，系统研究了所建电力市场模型的实用稳定性，得到了用模型的系数来描述其实用稳定性的一系列判定条件和最终收敛边界的估计公式；同时对电力市场的Lyapunov稳定性进行了研究，得到了电力市场稳定性的若干判据，部分结论改进了Alvarado等人的结果；随后将Lyapunov稳定的结果与实用稳定进行了比较。

Only one complete corollinae chromosome was detected in Ml4, and was determined corollinae chromosome 9. We have used in situ hybridization of genomic DNA to discrimination the parental chromosomes in Beta Ml 4, suppression of cross-hybridization by blocking DNA was not necessary indicating that the investigated Beta genome contain sufficient species-species DNA enabling the unequivocal determination of genomic composition of the hybrids.In our study , the results of BAC -FISH combined with the analysis of GISH in Beta M14,indicating that present of the corollinae chromosome 9 alone was sufficient to confer apospory in Beta M14 upon celluar and molecular..

BAC克隆16-M11和26-L15携带M14花期特异表达的基因；在M14甜菜对应的有性栽培甜菜染色体上没有出现信号，呈半合子状态；包含的单或低拷贝DNA序列在野生白花甜菜进化过程是共线的；两个BAC克隆部分同源；位于末端重组抑制区，所有这些不同寻常的特性都暗示着：BAC克隆16-M11和26-L15和无融合生殖特性相关，可作为无融合生殖

Based on the existence of the solution to a LMI, a sufficient condition is obtained under which the composite systems can be quadratically stabilized with a H〓 norm bound constant on disturbance attenuation for all admissible uncertainties and a necessary and sufficient condition is obtained using BMI.

采用线性矩阵不等式方法，给出了系统可鲁棒H〓分散镇定的充分条件；采用双线性矩阵不等式方法，给出了系统可鲁棒H〓动态输出反馈分散镇定的充要条件，并给出了算法。

Design of scientist of England of bedspring football shoe gives a kind of sufficient gym shoes of bedspring, this kind of shoe can reduce sufficient ministry to wear away articulatorily flimsily.

弹簧足球鞋英国科学家设计出一种装有弹簧的足球鞋，这种鞋可减少足部脆弱关节的磨损。

Liapunov—Schmidt method is one of the most important method in the bifurcation theory.

Liapunov—Schmidt方法是分叉理论的最重要方法之一。

Be courteous -- even when people are most discourteous to you .

要有礼貌──即使当別人对你最不礼貌的时候。