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A viewpoint of this academic thesis: There is a different between Humanities study and natural science study, the study of Humanities must based on history. The limitation of the method of Disjoined Literature-based Knowledge Discovery what was used on Humanities from the angle of history was discussed.

人文科学与自然科学有所不同，人文科学的研究一定要基于历史和史料，本文试从史学及史料研究的角度探讨非相关文献知识发现方法在人文科学领域应用的局限性。

The main differences are: first, Kohlberg lays emphasis on describing the characteristic of moralthinking development in different stages, rather than on the process of thinking formation. Piaget studies ,emphatically the process of thinking formation, secondarily the desciption of the processs characteristic; Secondly, on the factors of influencing moral development, Kohlberg put high stress on the social-congnition factor, nevertheless Piaget neglecs it. Thirdly, Piaget focusses purely on theory study, but Kohlberg on theory study and using the study in education as well.

二者的差异性主要体现在：第一，科尔伯格研究的重点放在对道德思维发展的不同发展阶段的特征的描述上，而非思维形成过程本身，皮亚杰研究重点在于思维形成过程本身，对过程的特征的描述在其理论中只占第二位；第二，关于影响道德发展的社会认知因素，科尔伯格给予了高度重视，皮亚杰却忽视了，这损害了皮氏学说的科学性与完整性；第三，皮亚杰的研究是一种纯理论研究，而科尔伯格不仅重视理论探求，更强调应用研究。

Voltaire's views not only promoted the development of contemporary Enlightenment, but also foreshowed the west would not necessarily be the centre of the world culture, which contributed to the establishment of the principle "centre-removing" in the methodology of contrastive study and remarkably spurred the development of history, religious study and social study.

这些认识不仅有助于推动当时的启蒙运动，而且预示着西方未必即是世界文化的中心，这为确立比较研究法中的&去中心主义&原则作出了贡献，很好地推动了历史学、宗教学与社会学的发展。

In order to facilitate the feasibility study of large-scale public construction, this research applies the Project Management Body of Knowledge developed by the Project Management Institute, along with the Taipei City Government's experiences, trying to conduct the management model of public construction feasibility study. This research concerns five primary processes including initialing, planning, purchasing, contract-administrating, closing. Moreover, it clearly portrays the essentials in feasibility study and organizes relevant working forms, in order to improve the public project benefit and guarantee that the public construction can be executed successfully.

为免影响国家长期民生经济发展之重要大型公共工程专案於办理可行性研究的关键阶段产生窒碍，本研究引用美国专案管理学会（Project Management Institute，PMI）之专案管理知识体系（Project Management Body of Knowledge，PMBOK）作为蓝本，以台北市政府实务上执行为例，对公共工程的可行性研究拟订起始、规划、采购、履约管理、结束等五大过程群，尝试建构公共工程可行性研究的管理模式，其中就可行性研究内的相关过程加以明确说明，并以主办机关立场概拟相关工作表单，期以提升公共工程效益，确保公共工程顺利推动执行。

Introduction begins by legitimating the choice of the subject for and establishing the significance of the present study, and then discusses some relevant issues to the study of translation and translated literature. Then, it reviews the existing studies and states the hypothesis, the objectives and the process of this study.

在绪论中，我们首先论证了本论文选题的价值和意义；继而，在指出传统的规范性翻译理论的局限性后，我们主要从描述翻译研究和新兴的翻译文学研究的角度，做了切合本论题的概要性的论述；并对前人的相关研究成果进行了有述有评的简要的梳理；最后，站在前人研究的基础上，指明本论文的预定目标和研究思路。

Our study includes four aspects. In the first aspect we study several important conditions of porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and oocytes cleavage after parthenogenetic activation and found mNCSU-23+15IU/mlPMSG+20IU/mlHCG+15% PFF+0.57mMcysteine is a good culture condition .When the Cocs are cultured in it ,the maturation rate and oocytes cleavage rate are higher than those of foreign covered. Our result are (86.7±3.35)% and (86.3±4.16)% and the highest report of foreign is(85.7±4.1)%.In the second aspect we study the effect of different chemical activations on development of porcine parthennogenetic embryo and found two best activation method. The first one is that putting the maturation MII oocytes in the 20μmol/L ionomycin for 30 minutes and then putting them in the NCSU-23 condition containing 5μg/mICB and 5mM/L6-DMAP for 3.5 hours, the oocytes cleavage rate and morulae/blastocysts development rate are (76.7±7.6)% and (37.1±6.4)%.The second one is that putting the maturation MII oocytes in the 200μM/L Thimerosal for 20 minutes and then putting them in the NCSU-23 condition containing 8mM DTT for 30 minutes

本研究分为4个部分，第一部分对影响猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活后胚胎分裂的几个重要条件进行了比较研究，确立了一种较好的培养方法：与颗粒细胞共培养，找到了一种适合猪卵母细胞体外成熟的培养基：mNCSU-23+15IU/mlPMSG+20IU/mlHCG+15%PFF+0.57mM半胱氨酸，成熟率和分裂率分别为(86.7±3.35)%和(86.3±4.16)%，国外报道的最高成熟率为(85.7±4.1)%；第二部分对猪卵母细胞孤雌激活的化学方法进行了研究，确立了化学激活猪卵母细胞的两种最佳方法：1将成熟的去卵丘颗粒细胞的MII期卵母细胞用20μmol/Lionomycin作用30min，再将卵母细胞培养于含5μg/mlCB和5mM/L 6-DMAP(6-二甲基氨基嘌呤)的NCSU-23培养液中，卵裂率和桑囊胚发育率达到(76.7±7.6)%和(37.1±6.4)%2将成熟的去卵丘颗粒细胞的MII期卵母细胞在200μM/L的Thimerosal中处理20min，再与8mM的DTT共孵育30min，卵裂率和桑/囊胚形成率为(81.0±2.8)%和(39.6±2.7)%；第三部分对孤雌激活胚胎的培养条件进行了研究，确立了一种最佳的胚胎培养条件：在SOF简单培养基中添加颗粒细胞进行前3天的培养，然后转入添加胎牛血清的NCSU—23培养基并和输卵管上皮细胞进行后期的培养，其桑椹胚和囊胚的发育率为(59.5±3.2)%；第四部分研究了IGF-I

Before and after the study, the subjects were requested to take the pretests and post-tests of general English reading proficiency, and the pre-study and post-study questionnaires.

在计画实施前后，学生必须填写一般英语阅读能力前后测验卷以及前后测问卷。

A variety of research methods have been adopted in this paper: the combination of theoretical research and school managing experience observation, the combination of literature study and field study, the combination of the common requirements of developing rural primary vocational education and characteristics of different areas. The paper also refers to the advanced experiences of different areas and theorizes these experiences. In a word, this study is both theoretically and practically systematic.

本文采用了理论研究与办学的经验相结合、文献研究与实地学习相结合、农村初等职业教育发展的共同要求与地区的特点相结合的基本研究方法，借鉴各地先进经验并进行理论提升，对农村初等职业教育发展进行了较系统的理论和实证研究。

From 1966 to 1969 was precisely the Great Cultural Revolution movementmost chaotic time, from entered the junior middle school that day, thenormal secondary education has shattered, went to the factory, goes tothe countryside, goes to the army,"majored in engineering, study theagriculture, study the armed force" has replaced the curriculum study.

1966年至1969年正是文化大革命运动最混乱的时期，从进入初中那天起，正常的中学教育冲垮了，到工厂去、到农村去、到部队去，&学工、学农、学军&代替了课程学习。

"So if you study, say, cooking, you become a chef . If you study the law, you become an attorney, and a study of auto mechanics makes you a mechanic."

如果你学的是烹调，你就会成为一名厨师；如果你学的是法律，你会当上律师；如果你学的是自动化，你会当上机械师。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。