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Furthermore, inner flow field was studied and the design method of blade is studied to improve the performance of the torque converter.

在此基础上，细致分析影响变矩器性能的因素，改进变矩器的叶型，最终达到优化的目标。

We have studied the variational pattern of track geometrical form due to wheel/rail forces under the quasi-static for operating of rolling stock, and also have studied the actions on elastic displacements of constraint rail due to the thickness and stiffness of track pad.

由轮轨力所引起的线路几何形态的变化规律；在假定轮轨力不变的情况下，又研究了轨底垫层的厚度和刚度对于约束钢轨弹性位移所起的作用；为确定轮轴的弯曲变形对轮轨关系的影响，同时建立了轮对有限元模型，计算了轮对承载状态所发生的弹性变形。

With being discussed city development level, economic benefit, social benefit and items feasibility, the elements affecting city track transportation type choice is studied. And from social welfare, the economic benefit is put emphasis on: starting with the benefits of tripper and operator, it is studied respectively under three conditions, maximal social welfare, maximal social welfare with no operating profit, and maximal social welfare considering govenment allowance and business income.

论文从城市总体发展水平、经济效益、社会效益、项目实施的可行性四个方面出发，对影响城市轨道交通类型选择的因素进行讨论，并从社会福利角度着重分析了修建城市轨道交通的经济效益：经济效益从出行者效益和运营者效益两方面入手，对其在社会福利最大、运营利润为零的社会福利最大和考虑政府补贴及物业收入的社会福利最大三种情况下进行了讨论。

The distributions of aminoacylase and alkaline phosphatase had been studied in the common seaweeds in Dalian area, and the Ulva pertusa Kjellm had been chosen as the target for isolation and purification. These two enzymes had been purified for a single band in the SDS-PAGE and their basic characteristics had been studied, too.

研究了氨基酰化酶和碱性磷酸酶在大连地区常见海藻中的分布状况，从中筛选出孔石莼作为纯化研究对象，并从孔石莼中分离纯化出了这两种酶，纯度达到了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳一条带。

Precision coating is a very important process in manufacturing of thin films. Among many coating techniques, slot coating may be the most promising in developing high precision coating process due to its versatility and controllability. Fundamentals of slot coating have been studied by many pioneer researchers. However, two topics: use of polymer additives and discrete operation remained relatively largely uninvestigated, especially in terms of their basic mechanisms. These two topics are studied in this thesis using theoretical analysis and experimental methods.

精密涂布技术是未来薄膜技术的重要发展方向，在诸多的涂布技术中，狭缝式涂布是用途广泛且有深厚发展潜力的一项，前人的研究阐明了许多狭缝式涂布的疑难问题，然而，随著精密涂布技术的发展，高分子添加剂与非连续操作逐渐地应用於狭缝式涂布之中，这两个研究课题目前并未发展出适当的理论来说明其机制，本研究以理论与实验的方法对这两个课题进行研究。

In this paper, the space-time finite element theory and its application technologies are studied and discussed. Furthermore the space-time finite element method is used to analyze the transient characteristics of electromagnetism equipments. The work is important to develop the numerical method for the transient electromagnetic field. The detailed work is as follow.In the basis theory of finite element method used in the transient engineering problem, the functional theory and the finite element theory are applied to studied the existence condition of a generalized variation principle, which is the basis of the space-time finite element method.

本文在完善时空有限元法的基础理论和应用技术并将该方法应用于解决电磁装置的瞬态过程分析等相关方面进行了深入的研究与探讨，该工作对于发展瞬变电磁场问题的数值计算方法具有重要的意义，为此进行了如下几方面的工作：在工程瞬变问题的有限元方法的基础理论方面，本文应用泛函理论和有限元理论，系统讨论了一般工程瞬变问题的变分定理的存在条件及对应的变分定理。

She studied classics at Bryn Mawr; I studied the history of religion at Vassar.

她毕业于布林马尔学院，学的是古典文学；而我毕业于瓦萨尔学院，学的是宗教史。

The first chapter presents a comprehensive study of nonholonomic dynamics. They are studied that the nonlinear problem and un-determinate problem of virtual displacement in nonholonomic system in the second chapter. In chapter 3, they are studied that Chetaev model and Vacco model in nonholonomic system.

第一章对非完整动力学研究的有关现状进行了综合评述；第二章研究了非完整系统虚位移关系的不定性问题与非线性问题；第三章比较研究了一般非完整系统的Chetaev模型和Vacco模型；第四章研究了本质线性非完整系统的Hamilton原理；第五章给出了本文的结论与有关研究的展望。

Then the creative research work on ultra-low frequency and large amplitude elcectromagnetic vibrator based on moving magnet is done, improving exciting signal at ultra-low frequency, and, the theoretic analysis and experiment model are studied. Thus, the reference for establishing ultra-low frequency standard vibrator in future is provided. In chapter 5, two control strategies for ultra-low frequency standard vibrator test table waveform are studied.

首先采用机械振动隔振理论，研究设计了机械低通滤波器来滤除噪声信号，并运用等效的小振级信号进行了实验研究，得出了有益的结论；然后为提高超低频时激振信号，作者创造性地提出了动铁型大位移的电动振动台结构，进行了理论分析和实验模型研究，为将来建立大位移的超低频标准振动台提供了参考。

Some key algorithms were researched here: a "cut-and-sew" algorithm was presented here to resolve the reconstruction problem of adjacent section contour lines which different from shape and polygon vertex count; a random polygon triangulation algorithm based on CDT was studied to resolve the modeling problem of complex geological model with stones and holes inside; a grid-constraining algorithm of judging whether a point is in a polyhedron was studied here to construct the corresponding geological block model which constrained to wire frame model.

研究了构模过程中的若干关键算法：提出"切开-缝合"算法，解决了形状和顶点数目差异较大的相邻剖面轮廓线重构三维形体模型问题；研究了基于约束Delaunay三角剖分的任意多边形三角剖分算法，解决了含夹石或孔洞的复杂地质体构模问题；研究了判断点在多面体内的网格约束算法，以线框模型为约束构建了相应的地质块段体模型。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。