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The light stimulus is perceived by the leaves and in some unknown way transmitted to the floral apices.

叶感受光刺激后，以某些未知的途径传递给花原基。

The main peaks of the EEG power spectra were in delta and theta frequency range. In the stage of ethanol exposure, the rats exhibited much more act of attack than the control, the alpha waves of EEG decreased, while the delta waves increased. The EEG power spectra analysis showed the delta power increased and the theta power decreased. In the stage of ethanol withdrawal, the rats showed some withdrawal behaviors such as wet dog shakes, sniffing, groomingand tonic-clonic seizures for audiogenic stimulus. Spikes and spike-slow waves were found in the EEG. In power spectra analysis, the delta power decreased while the alpha and the theta power increased, the EEG frequency band moved to the high-frequency rang. These changes were found obviously on the sixth day and disappeared on the 1 Oth day after the ethanol was removed.

本研究发现：1、对照组大鼠行为无异常，伏核EEG以α节律为主，散在出现δ和θ节律；功率主峰在δ和θ频段范围，整个过程中未发现手术对伏核EEG及脑电功率谱有影响。2、在慢性饮酒过程中，大鼠攻击性行为增加，伏核 EEG的α节律明显减少，散在出现的高幅慢活动δ波逐渐增多，功率谱分析表明δ频段功率百分比明显增加，而θ频段功率百分比明显减少，总功率减少。3、停饮后，大鼠出现湿狗样抖动、打喷嚏等撤药综合症，并且高频声音刺激能引发惊厥；伏核EEG出现棘波和棘慢综合波，并持续增多，功率谱分析显示δ频段功率百分比 5 南京医科大学硕士学位论文逐渐减少，而0和以频段功率百分比逐渐增加，总功率增加。

This is the region of the brain that determines whether an environmental stimulus is rewarding or aversive.

这是该区域的大脑来决定是否一个环境的刺激本身就是一件非常有益或

A conditioned response that anticipates the occurrence of an aversive stimulus .

期待不好的刺激出现的一种条件反应。

The occurrence of an aversive stimulus.

期待不好的刺激出现的一种条件反应。

The identified dopamine neurons were inhibited by the aversive stimulus.

那些被鉴定的多巴胺能神经元确实被刺激所抑制。

Conversely, in negative reinforcement, the frequency of a response increases because it is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus.

作用下，反应频率由于反应发生后令人厌恶的刺激消除而有所增加。

In the short term that shape could look beguilingly like a "V", as stimulus kicks in and the inventory cycle turns.

短期内，由于经济刺激计划和存货清单周期的原因，经济复苏会以欺骗性的& v &出现。

In the short term that shape could look beguilingly like a "V", as stimulus kicks in and the inventory cycle turns.

由于经济刺激计划的干预以及库存周期重新运转，在短期之内复苏形状看起来会是V型。

In the short term that shape could look beguilingly like a "V", as stimulus kicks in and the inventory cycle turns.

短期内，受经济刺激政策介入和重新补库存，复苏的形状可能看起来像一个具有欺骗性的V型。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。