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Substance P is a peripheral excitatory transmitter released by nerve ending because of stimuli of harm. It is closely related to pain and can not only convey the sensation of pain and cause pain but also produce analgesic effect.

在各种组织中呈现出多种生物效应。P物质是伤害性传人末梢释放的一种兴奋性递质，它与疼痛关系密切，既可传递痛觉信息、产生疼痛，又有镇痛作用。

The experimental results revealed that the visual sensory memory not only registered stimulus, which were presented in rapid succession, but also summated and weakened the brightness information of sensory representations of these stimuli.

实验证明：对于相继呈现在相同空间位置上的信号，视觉感觉记忆并非只是登记，还要对它们进行亮度上的叠加、衰减加工；TCE效应和Broca-Sulzer效应都是这种加工的结果。

VR1 selectively expressed on small-to medium-diameter DRG neurons and it was recently considered as a molecular integrating multiple pain-producing stimuli.

VR1特异地表达在初级伤害性感受器上，被认为是汇集伤害性刺激的一个信号转导分子。

Supernormal releasers - Exaggerated stimuli that produce a distorted response.

超常释 -过分刺激产生歪曲的反应。

Properties common to terrestrial organisms (plants, animals, fungi, protists, archaea and bacteria) are that they are cellular, carbon-and-water-based with complex organization, having a metabolism, a capacity to grow, respond to stimuli, and reproduce.

陆生生物（植物，动物，菌类，原生生物，古生菌以及细菌）都具有一个共同的属性，他们都是多细胞生物，并且具有复杂的组织结构，依靠碳水化合物为生，可以进行新陈代谢，具有成长性，应激性及繁衍性。

In the present study, we collected cumulus cells oocyte complex from ovaries of two different strain mice. The cumulusenclosed oocytes were cultured for 6 h in MEM supplemented with growth factor and FSH. The meiotic maturation of these oocytes has progressed to pro-metaphse Ⅰ stage and the condensed chromosomes are visible under DIC microscope, metaphase Ⅰ spindle even can be detected under Polscope. The metaphase Ⅰ spindles of oocytes were exchanged under such microscopes. After electric stimuli, 91. 6% and 91. 6% karyoplasts-cytoplasm pairs were fused respectively. The resulting oocytes were cultured further in MEM and over 80% of oocytes released the first polar body. 79% and 77% of oocytes formed two pronuclei after in vitro fertilization and the embryos were cultured in KSOM supplemented with amino acids. Over 60% of embryos developed to blastocyst stage.

在本研究中我们在取得两种不同品系小鼠的卵丘卵母细胞复合体后，先将卵丘卵母细胞复合体置于含有多种生长因子和激素的MEM培养液中培养6小时，此时卵母细胞已进入第一次减数分裂的前中期，并且在DIC倒置显微镜下可以看到浓缩的染色体，用Polscope可以发现明显的纺锤体，借助这种显微镜通过显微操作将两种不同品系小鼠来源的卵母细胞的MI纺锤体进行互换，经过三次直流电脉冲作用后，分别有91.6％的胞质—MI核质体对融合，经过进一步的培养后，超过80％的重组卵母细胞排出第一极体，体外受精后分别有79％和77％的重组卵形成双原核，受精后的胚胎在KSOM胚胎培养液中体外培养4天后，超过60％的胚胎发育至囊胚。

The stimuli consisted of two pairs of speech sounds or phonemes, in this case Japanese owel sounds.

声音刺激包括两对语音声音或者音素，本试验使用的是日语元音。

The first,"classic", method used only vision. The second,"multisensory", method used touch as well as vision for the perception of the visual stimuli.

第一种，&经典法&，只使用视觉；第二种，&多感官法&，不但使用视觉，还使用触觉来感知视觉刺激。

A single taste cell may respond to a broad range of stimuli.

一个单一的味觉细胞可以对范围很广的刺激产生反应。

Second experiment: Two pictures presented on the left or right of focus point through stimuli, can not integrate a stable color, appearing transience.

实验二结果：通过刺激物先后呈现在注视点左右的两幅图片，不能融合为稳定的颜色，呈现的像为瞬态的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。