查询词典 stiffness

The horizontal bending moment and bending stress of the crossbeams rise quickly with increasing of the constraint stiffness of the lower chord joint to the crossbeam, the axial stress of the low chords and the continuous length of the floor system and with decreasing of the distance between the stringer and the low chord.

桥面系的连续长度和下弦杆的轴应力越大、下弦杆结点对于横梁的约束刚度越大、纵梁与下弦杆的距离越小，横梁的面外弯矩和弯曲应力越大。

The results show that space finite analysis results are close to test ones, bottom chords suffer axial force and large in-plane bending, and the max stress is nearby each middle internode. The max stress of node crossbeams occurs in No.2 bottom flange, and that of internode crossbeams happens in ones lying in the middle of every internode. The concrete slab is in tension at the longitudinal direction, and also suffers bent at vertical loads. The degree of completely-composite model taking part in the combined actions is about 55%, while that of semi-composite model is 42%-43%. The combination of concrete slab and bottom chord increases the degree of floor system taking part in the combined actions, lightens the burden of bottom chord, and reduces out-of-plane bending of node crossbeams especially the ones near bridgehead. Stress and displacement of main truss can be evaluated by a equivalent plane rigid frame in preliminary design, and effective stiffness of bottom chords are composed of original ones and concrete slab, and the concentrated load from deck can be translated into uniform load.

研究结果表明：空间有限元分析结果与试验结果较吻合；下弦杆受到轴向拉力和较大的面内弯矩作用，各节间最大应力出现在节间中点附近；节点横梁最大应力发生在横梁2的下翼缘，节间横梁最大应力发生在位于端节间中部的小横梁上；混凝土板顺桥向整体受拉，并在竖向集中荷载作用下产生弯曲变形；全结合模型大部分节间内的桥面板参与主桁共同作用的程度为55%左右，半结合模型桥面板的参与程度为42%~43%；桥面板与下弦杆结合能够增加桥面板的参与程度，减轻下弦杆荷载，减少节点横梁尤其是靠近桥头横梁的面外弯曲；对桥梁进行初步设计时，主桁杆件的位移与内力可按照1个等效的平面刚架计算，下弦杆的等效刚度由原下弦杆截面和混凝土桥面板截面组合而成，桥面荷载可转化为均布荷载施加。

According to the analysis, the nonlinear effects are mainly on the stiffness of downhole derricks steel structure.

本文研究了井架结构的极限承载力问题。

In this mode,l a grid- section model is introduced to determine the sectional tangent stiffness of reinforced concrete beam element and analyze its degeneration process, and three-node friction-sliding tendon elements are employed to analyze the friction and sliding of external tendons at deviators or sliding blocks.

引入分块截面模型确定钢筋混凝土梁单元截面的切线刚度和分析其退化过程，采用三节点摩擦滑移预应力筋单元分析体外预应力筋在转向块或滑块处的摩擦滑移效应。

The finite element model included two types of main element: beam element for concrete and truss element for internal unbonded or external tendon. The end nodes of main elements were connected with internal constraints named MPC in ABAQUS. Spring elements with very large stiffness were set up at the place of the deviators of externally prestressed beams, or along the span with relatively little space of unbonded internally prestressed beams. The modified Riks method is utilized to trace the entire structural response of beams prestressed with unbonded tendon from zero to ultimate loads. The reliability of the analysis model is verified by analytical results of typical test beams in comparison with experimental ones.

该有限元模型由两类主单元组成，即混凝土梁单元和体内无粘结或体外预应力筋桁架单元；主单元的端部节点用ABAQUS的内在约束MPC连接；在体外预应力梁的转向块处，或沿体内无粘结预应力梁全跨并以比较小的间隔设置刚度足够大的弹簧单元。

In contrast to elastomers, plastics have a greater stiffness and lack reversible elasticity.

相比之下，以橡胶，塑料有更大的刚度和可逆缺乏弹性。

The effect of the expansion and the anti-thrust ring on the stress and deformation of the spiral case structure are analyzed respectively. It is found that the presence of expansion reduces in large extent the stiffness of the spiral case as a supporting structure of the turbine. It affects the safe stability of the hydro generator.

3通过对是否设置伸缩节与止推环的方案对比分析，发现设置伸缩节在一定程度上降低了流道系统的轴向刚度和抗扭转刚度，影响水电机组的安全稳定运行，设计中应予以重视。

The fins also incorporate root fairings to reduce interference drag and to provide additional out-of-plane stiffness and strength.

该鱼鳍，也把根fairings ，以减少干扰阻力，并提供额外出平面刚度和强度。

The filler wall makes vertical stiffness well-distributed, which causes a failure pattern transformation from frame type to reinforced concrete shears wall type. At the bottom of the structure, the first mode shape plays a dominant role.

此种结构体系要求底部商用部分采用梁柱为主的大开间结构，而上部住宅部分则尽量使室内不出现梁楞，形成以板柱结构为主的大空间结构，以利于灵活隔断，满足不同的建筑功能需要。

Stiffness and stubbornness are dangerous and incapable of fitting change.

僵硬，顽固是危险而不能适应变局的。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。