查询词典 stable state

The state of combat system structure is divided into three states: stable state, confusion and collapse state, the state of combat system structure is used as state variable; collapse state corresponds to the minimum value of state variable; confusion state corresponds to intermediate value of state variable; stable state corresponds to maximum value of state variable.

将作战体系结构所处的状态分为稳定状态、混乱状态、崩溃状态，并以作战体系结构所处的状态为状态变量，崩溃状态对应于状态变量的最小值，混乱状态对应于状态变量的中间值，稳定状态对应于状态变量的最大值。

It is confirmed that under the illumination of light the dark-adaptedBR is quickly turned into the light-adapted, and undergoes a photo-chemical cycle then through a sequence of intermediates of J, K, L,comes into a more stable intermediate-M state. M state relaxes to B state in about one hour. B state converts completely into D state after 24 hours. B state initiates the photochemical cycle under illumination, while it can transform into D state in the dark. So B state is a key intermediate in the BR photochemical cycle.

实验证实，样品受光照激发后很快从暗适应型经过光适应型进入光循环，经过一系列的光化学中间体到达较稳定的M态。M态经过约1小时热驰豫完全回到光适应型B态，B态再经过24小时缓慢热驰豫完全回到暗适应型D态。B态受光则进入光循环，不受光则转化为D态，从而认为B态是菌紫质光循环路径中一个重要的分支节点。

The basic study content of this essay is follow as:1.To calculate the stable factor k_i~0 of individual slices according to self-forced condition of slices,under the condition of without inter-slices force.2.To calculate transferal force R_i, stabile factor K_i of individual slices and stabile factor K of the stable slope, under the condition of there is a level transferal force between slices and the slope is stable. If the slope is not stable, to calculate the transferal force R_i between individual slices, the stabile factor K_i of individual slices and the stable factor K of the unstable slope in term of concordant conditions of acceleration.

本文研究的基本内容包括： 1、研究土条条间不传递力情况下，由土条自受力状态计算各土条的稳定系数K_i，并由K_i计算稳定土坡的稳定系数K； 2、研究条间传递水平力情况下，若土坡稳定，由土条预平衡状态、传力顺序和传力边界条件，推导各土条间的水平传力R_i的理论公式和各土条的稳定系数K_i，并由K_i计算稳定土坡的稳定系数K；若土坡失稳，由加速度和谐条件计算各土条间的水平传力R_i和各土条的稳定系数K_i，并由K_i计算失稳土坡的稳定系数K

The results show that stable organic sulfur is the main s9lfur form in ZY coal. Pyrite can be removed under all the atmospheres in the tests, except for nitrogen at 500℃ 1% O2-N2 atmosphere has strong reactivity to remove the stable organic sulfur in ZY coal, especially at 700℃. Under 1% O2-N2 atmosphere, not only a part of stable organic sulfurs can be decomposed, but also more stable organic sulfur-containing structure can be broken down into less stable one.

结果表明，对于ZY煤而言，黄铁矿和不稳定有机硫除在氮气气氛下500℃时热解不能全部分解外，在其他条件下热解时都可以分解。1%氧气对ZY煤中稳定的有机硫的分解有很强的促进作用，不仅可以脱除稳定的有机硫，还可以使更稳定的有机硫断裂生成次稳定的有机硫，在随后的AP-TPR-MS实验过程中，这部分硫在较低的温度下逸出。

The conditional symmetry instability is the intermediate process between the stable and instable states of the atmosphere. The evolution of the atmosphere from the stable to unstable state or from unstable to stable state comes through two stages. The convective-symmetric instability circulation is related with the state and type of the instability. When the conditional instability lies in the lower level and conditional symmetric instability in the upper level, the circulation will have vertical updrafts in the lower level and slantwise updrafts in the upper level. The release of conditional symmetric instability gives rise to a mesoscale rain belt.

结果表明：条件对称不稳定是大气稳定状态和条件不稳定状态之间的中间纽带，大气由稳定向不稳定或者由不稳定向稳定的演变均通过条件对称不稳定来实现；对流对称不稳定环流的形成与不稳定层的配置有关，当低层为条件不稳定而高层叠加深厚的条件对称不稳定时，对流对称不稳定环流低层出现垂直上升气流，高层出现范围较广的倾斜上升气流，对称不稳定能量释放产生中尺度云带。

Aimed at the problem of choosing the initial value when the Newton method is used to compute the controlling unstable equilibrium point, a practical and rigorous solving scheme was presented: by identifying the controlling load bus of the given fault, and using the Thevenin equivalent circuit to represent the rest of the system at the state of the post disturbance stable equilibrium point, using the steady equivalent circuit to represent the induction motor in composite load, and then using the torque characteristics of induction motor, a point near the CUEP is gained to be the initial value. The second order normal forms was used to approximate the stable manifold of CUEP, and the local approximating boundary of the region of attraction of the post disturbance stable equilibrium point was gained. Then just by simulating the state of the system at the fault clearing time, the transient voltage stability of the system could be determined.

针对采用牛顿法求取故障后系统主导不稳定平衡点(controlling unstable equilibrium point，CUEP)存在的初值选取难题，提出一种实用但不失严谨的解决方案：通过识别给定故障的主导负荷母线，对主导负荷母线以外系统由故障后稳定平衡点处的状态进行戴维南等值，对负荷中感应电动机部分采用其稳态等值电路，再由感应电动机的转矩特性求得CUEP附近的一个点作为近似的CUEP，以此为迭代初值可靠求得CUEP；采用二阶正规型来近似CUEP的稳定流形的方法求得近似的局部吸引域边界；由仿真得到故障清除时刻系统的状态并根据该状态是否位于吸引域内判断系统的暂态电压稳定性。

First, we consider nonholonomic chained systems with modeling error, in this section,based on back-stepping , using the so-called adding a integrator , state-scaling technique , we design discontinuous feedback law,such that the trival solution of the closed-loop systems global strong stable; Second,we consider high-order nonholonomic chained systems with modeling errors and external disturbances, in this section,using input/state-scaling and integrator backstepping methods , we design discontinuous feedback law and give out the switching strategy, such that the closed-loop systems global /C-exponential stable; Finally, we consider a class of more general power chained form systems with particular drift-terms, in this section , using Lyapunov method, we design time-varying feedback law , such that the closed -loop systems p—exponential stable.

第一部分考虑的模型为带有模型误差的高阶非完整链系统，我们运用加幂积分器、State-scaling技巧以及基于Back-stepping方法构造出不连续反馈律，从而使得所讨论系统的闭环系统的平凡解全局强稳定；第二部分考虑的模型为带有模型误差的不确定高阶非完整链系统，这一部分我们运用input／state scaling和integrator backstepping方法构造出不连续反馈律，并给出切换策略，使得所对应的闭环系统全局κ-指数稳定；第三部分考虑的系统是形式更为一般的且带有特殊形式漂移项的幂链系统，利用Lyapunov函数方法，设计出时变反馈律，从而使得相应的闭环系统ρ-指数稳定。

In addition, some modifications on several computational methods are also presented. Using LMTO method the electronic structure of several systems are studied, and some results are obtained. They are: The ideal Nb (100) surface has three surface states, the multi-layer relaxed surface has two surface states. The surface energy of the ideal surface is higher than that of the relaxed surface, that means that the multi-layer relaxed surface is more stable than the former one, which supports the LEED results. The mono-layer relaxed Ag (111) surface is the most stable one among several" stable surface models"presented by several researchers. The surface energy of Ag (111) surface is higher than that of surface Ag (001), which supports some experimental results such as different reaction rate at different surface orientations for the same material. The surafce states of Si (111) surface not only locate near the Fermi level, but also in the valence band, which agrees well with Cohen's conclusion. Si (111)-H is an effective model for analysing the surface states and H adsorbed on the back surface is a good method for improving the convincingness of the results obtained on thinner slab models. The surface stability depends on three different kinds of MoSi〓(001) surfaces, the surface with mono-layer Si is the most stable one, and the surface with Mo at the first layer is the most unstable one among them. These are consistant with the Kemoda's experimental results. The valence bands of clean or K adsorbed CdTe (111) surface agrees well with the synchrotron radiation studies. The surface of CdTe (111) consists of four kinds of surface models which show different surface electronic structures and different surface structure stabilities. The conclusion agrees well with Wu's experimental work. The different absorbed alkali metals on the CdTe (111) surface give different adsorption characteristics which have relations not only with the valence electrons, but also with the core ones of the alkali metals. The electonic structures of Si-C alloys are different from that of Si-Ge alloys, and the energy band gaps of Si-C alloys do not increase linearly with Carbon concentration, our conclusion supports Alexander's results, but conflicts with Soref's one.

现分述如下： LMTO方法及其应用方面：1）通过对Nb（100）表面电子态分析发现清洁理想表面有三个表面态，多层弛豫表面有两个表面态；表面能大小说明多层弛豫表面更稳定，支持了LEED结果。2）通过对采用不同方法获得的几种不同Ag（111）表面稳定结构的表面能计算分析，给出了单层弛豫表面为Ag（111）表面的最稳定结构；从Ag（111）单层弛豫表面和Ag（001）表面的表面能比较，发现了Ag（001）表面表面能要比Ag（111）小的，表明了同种物质不同表面取向将表现出不同物理、化学性质，这是与实验中得出的结论是吻合的，3）通过对Si（111）表面态分析，不仅发现了Si（111）表面不仅具有居于费米能级附近的悬挂键所对应的表面态，而且还有很多表面态位于价带能量范围内，与Cohen等结果一致，H饱和slab模型背表面相当于增加了slab层的厚度，是一有效的变相增加slab层厚的方法，弛豫表面较清洁理想表面价带谱们低能端的少许移动，预示着总能降低，说明弛豫表面较清洁理想表面稳定。4）MoSi〓具有三种表面，从费米能级上态密度值大小得到单层Si表面最稳定，Mo原子为表层原子的表面最不稳定，双层Si原子表面居中的结论，这与Kemoda等人实验结果是一致的。5）通过对CdTe（111）表面表面电子态、表面结构稳定性及表面H、碱金属吸附的电子结构系列研究，不仅得出了CdTe（111）清洁及碱金属K吸附价带谱与同步辐射光电子谱相吻合的结果，而且发现了CdTe（111）表面具有四类不同原子近邻特征，表现出四类不同的表面结构及电子结构特征：不同表面态分布、不同的表面结构稳定性（表层原子与次层原子成三键有一悬挂键的表面要比表层原子与次层原子成一键有三悬挂键稳定（与Wu等人实验结果一致））、不同的H吸附特性。

To disease resistance, SP3 (from H1) had stronger ability to resist leaf mold. 4.The characters obtained by space mutation were easier to be stable. The results showed that, the differences of the flowering dates of 1st inflorescence, the positions of 1st inflorescence, number of leaves between 1st and 2nd inflorescences in the colony were decreased with the development of generations. Most of these heritable characters could be stable in SP3 and a few could be stable in SP4, 2~3 generations earlier than that of traditional breeding (The characters were stable in 6 generations.).

试验结果表明，植株的第一花序开花期、植株的第一花序节位、第一至第二花序间隔叶数及产量的株间变异（变幅、标准差和变异系数），随着世代的递增而降低，大部分株系的变异性状从SP3后就稳定遗传，少数株系的变异性状从SP4后才稳定遗传，比一般常规育种的6个世代开始稳定，可提早2～3个世代，经地面定向选择能较快选出综合性状优良的目标株系。

The experimental results suggested that there were some rules during the fermentation as follows: pit temperature increased rapidly and then dropped at the beginning of the fermentation and kept stable eventually at 20～22 ℃; there was slight change in yellow water pH value at first and then pH value decreased gradually in middle fermentation stage and finally kept stable; the change rules of total acids of yellow water were opposite to pH change rules; the reducing sugar of yellow water increased at first and then dropped and kept stable eventually; there was almost no change in alcohol content of yellow water in prior fermentation period, and then it increased rapidly and dropped slowly and finally kept stable; gas production rate was as high as 550 L/d within the first week in fermentation and then dropped undulatingly and changed to zero or even negative gas production rate.

窖池温度在发酵前几天迅速升高，然后下降，最后趋于稳定，保持在20～22 ℃；黄水pH开始变化不大，中间逐渐下降，最后趋于稳定；黄水的总酸变化与pH相反；黄水中还原糖先升高后下降，最后基本保持稳定；黄水中酒精含量在发酵前期变化不大，后期先是迅速升高，然后缓慢下降，最后趋于稳定；在发酵前期一周内，产气量很大，最高达550 L/d；之后产气量呈波动式下降并逐渐平稳，最后趋于零甚至负产气量。

Article 144 The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall maintain the policy previously practised in Hong Kong in respect of subventions for non-governmental organizations in fields such as education, medicine and health, culture, art, recreation, sports, social welfare and social

第一百四十四条香港特别行政区政府保持原在香港实行的对教育、医疗卫生、文化、艺术、康乐、体育、社会福利、社会工作等方面的民间团体机构的资助政策。原在香港各资助机构任职的人员均可根据原有制度继续受聘。

Small wonder, then, that the Chinese spend more in the shop than any other group of foreign visitors do .

这样的小惊喜，使中国顾客比任何国家的人消费得更多。