查询词典 spleen

The results of study show:1. White pulp and red pulp in parenchyma of spleen of embryo can be obviously discerned after 18 days. Periarterial lymphoid sheath and ellipsoid periarterial lymphoid sheath also can be obviously discerned in spleen of 4 days chicken. T, B lymphocytes in appendix basement of embryo emerge after 20 days. It is the initial shape of cecal tonsil. Crypt structure of conjunction of esophago and stomachus glandularis form obviously at 4 days. It is the initial shape of esophago tonsil. The germinal center firstly emerges in these three organs at 14 days. With the increase of day age, the characteristic structure peripheral immune organs gradually develop mature. Spleen achieve mature at 21 days and cecal tonsil at 35 days.2. IgM~+ and IgA~+ cells in spleen of embryo emerge at 15 days. IgG~+ cell, CD3~+ and CD8~+T lymphocytes of embryo emerge at 20 days. CD3~+, CD8~+ and IgM~+ cells in cecal tonsil of embryo emerge at 20 days. However CD4~+, IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells all emerge in 1 day age chicken out of crust. CD3~+, CD4~+, CD8~+, IgM~+ and IgG~+ cells in esophago tonsil of embryo all emerge at 20 days. However IgA~+ cells emerge in 1 day age chicken out of crust.3. The amount of T, B lymphocytes in peripheral immune organs increase follow with the increase of day age, and hold an upgrade tendency. The amount of T, B lymphocytes in spleen achieved stabilization at 21 days, and in tonsil of esophago and appendix at 35 days.

研究结果表明：1、在组织结构方面，脾脏实质内的白髓与红髓在胚胎18日龄后明显可辨，4日龄雏鸡脾脏中形成明显可辨的动脉周围淋巴鞘和椭球周围淋巴鞘；盲肠基部T、B淋巴细胞在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，即初步形成盲肠扁桃体；食管与腺胃结合处在4日龄时形成明显的隐窝结构，即食管扁桃体初步形成；14日龄时，三种器官中首次出现生发中心；随着日龄的增长，外周免疫器官特征结构不断发育成熟，脾脏在21日龄时达到成熟水平，盲肠扁桃体和食管扁桃体在35日龄时达到成熟水平。2、在T、B淋巴细胞出现时间方面，脾脏中IgM~+和IgA~+细胞在胚胎15日龄时开始出现，IgG~+细胞、CD3~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞在胚胎18日龄时出现，CD4~+细胞在胚胎20日龄时出现；盲肠扁桃体中CD3~+、CD8~+和IgM~+细胞在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，而CD4~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞均在雏鸡出壳后1日龄时出现；食管扁桃体中CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、IgM~+和IgG~+细胞均在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，而IgA~+细胞则在雏鸡出壳后1日龄时出现。3、在T、B淋巴细胞数量变化方面，外周免疫器官中T、B淋巴细胞的数量随日龄增长，整体均呈上升趋势。

This paper is mainly comprised of two components:preparation of models of rats suffering from deficiency of spleen Yang;comparison of the pharmacodynamics impacts of different Lizhong Pills formulations made up by dried ginger or its different components in Lizhong Pills to the different groups of the models.1 Establish the model of deficiency of spleen YANG induced by " cypsum fibrosum and anemarrhenae " with complex factors1.1 ObjectivesWith using heat-clearing and fire-purging drug cypsum fibrosum and anemarrhenae,insteading of the common usage of rhubarb and folium sennae,accompanied with irregular diet and overstrained,the model of deficiency of spleen-YANG is to be established,which is much close to the pathopoiesis theory of " frigidity and chilly damaging yang,irregular diet injuring qi,overstrain impairing the spleen" in TCM.1.2 MethodsModel rats is fully fed every other day,given the molding drug of cypsum fibrosum -anemarrhenae(concentration 4:1) with 3 different frequency,and arranged to swim everyday in 25℃water until exhausted(performing as spitting bubble 3 times continuously or sinking unable to float by itself).

全文共分为脾阳虚模型的制备和干姜及其成分对理中丸药效学影响的比较两大部分。1"石膏-知母"复合法脾阳虚模型的制备1.1目的以清热泻火药石膏-知母代替常用的大黄、番泻叶类苦寒泻下药，并结合饥饱失常、劳倦过度的方法进行造模，以期建立更符合中医"寒凉伤阳、饥饱伤气和劳倦伤脾"致病思路的中医脾阳虚证候模型。1.2方法模型动物隔日足量喂食，每日在25℃水中游泳，直至大鼠连续三次吐泡下沉，或沉入水底，3秒内不能自行浮出水面，并以三种不同给药频率灌胃给予石膏一知母煎液，比较石膏-知母不同给药方法对制备脾阳虚模型的影响。

The experiment analyses the esterase volume of Catecholamines and Acetylcholine in blood,nervous tissue and spleen tissue by way of Chromatography With Electrochemical Detection,detects the volume of aminophenol nervoustransmmiter in nervous tissue by way of automatic amino acid analyzer,and reflects the immunity function of spleen by using the spleen index,the cabability of T lymphopoiesis of spleen,the sub-T lymphocyte of blood.

应用高压液相色谱—电化学检测法和生化比色法分别分析血液、神经组织和脾脏组织中的儿茶酚胺和乙酰胆碱酯酶含量，应用氨基酸自动分析仪检测神经组织中的氨基酸类神经递质含量，以脾脏系数、脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖能力、血液T淋巴细胞亚型等指标反映脾脏的免疫机能。

in order to probe into whether glycine supplementation plays an adjusting role in sports performance and immune functions, the authors divided 30 mice randomly into an exhaustive exercising group (e1), glycine supplemented exhaustive exercising group (e2) and a normal resting control group, with 10 mice in each group, supplemented glycine to mice in group e2 and physiological saline to mice in the other two groups, let mice in groups e1 and e2 do an exhaustive swimming exercise 4 weeks later, applied the trace ch50 hemolysis method to analyze supplement activity, applied the mtt method to perform a quantitative analysis on the lymphopoiesis ability of spleen, and thus revealed the following findings: compared with mice in group e1, the time taken by mice in group e2 to swim to an exhausted state is significantly longer (p.05); total supplement activity in blood serum of mice in group e1 is significantly lower than the same of mice in group s (p＜0.01), and total supplement activity in blood serum of mice in group e2 is significantly higher than the same of mice in group e1 (p.01), but still significantly lower than the same of mice in group s (p.05); as observed from the test of the lymphopoiesis ability of spleen, the lymphopoiesis ability of spleen of mice in group e1 is significantly lower than the same of mice in group s, and the lymphopoiesis ability of spleen of mice in group e2 is significantly higher than the same of mice in group e1, but still significantly lower than the same of mice in group s.

四型肽精氨酸脱氨酶在类风湿性关节炎。。。以马来酸酐与氨水为原料热缩聚法合成。。。摘要：为探讨甘氨酸补充对运动能力及免疫功能是否具有调节作用，将30只小鼠随机分成力竭游泳运动组(e1)、甘氨酸补充后力竭游泳组(e2)和静息正常对照组，每组10只。在e2组补充甘氨酸，其余两组给予生理盐水，处理4周后，e1组和e2组均做力竭性游泳运动。采用微量ch50溶血法分析补体活性，采用mtt法定量分析脾脏淋巴细胞增殖能力。结果显示，与e1组比较，e2组游泳至力竭的时间显著延长(p＜0.01)。e1组血清总补体活性显著低于s组(p＜0.01)，e2组显著高于e1组(p.01)，但仍显著低于s组(p.05)。在脾脏淋巴细胞增殖试验中观察到，e1组显著低于s组，e2组显著高于e1组但仍显著低于s组。

ASCL2 gene escapes genomic imprinting in skeletal muscle,fat, heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,stomach,small intestine,uterus,ovary and pituitary.(2) Both of the transcripts of NNAT gene is paternally expressed in skeletal muscle,fat,heart, liver,spleen,lung,kidney,stomach,small intestine,uterus,ovary and pituitary.(3) DIRAS3 gene is paternally expressed in skeletal muscle,fat,heart,liver,spleen,lung, kidney,stomach,small intestine,uterus,ovary and pituitary.(4) DLX5 gene is maternally expressed in skeletal muscle,fat,spleen,lung,stomach,small intestine,but escapes imprinting in heart,liver,kidney,uterus,ovary,testicle and pituitary.

1ASCL2基因在肌肉、脂肪、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、小肠、子宫、卵巢和垂体中均逃脱印记；(2)NNAT基因两个转录本在肌肉、脂肪、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、小肠、子宫、卵巢和垂体中均为母系印记：(3)DIRAS3基因在肌肉、脂肪、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、小肠、子宫、卵巢和垂体中母系印记：(4)DLX5基因在骨骼肌、脂肪、肺、脾、胃和小肠中表达母本来源的等位基因，即表现为父系印记；而在心、肝、肾、子宫、卵巢、睾丸和垂体中表达双亲来源的等位基因，即逃脱印记。3。

Methods 30 patients with trichloroethylene medicamentous dermatitis and 30 normal persons were selected as the observation group and the control group respectively; color Doppler was used to detect the spleen thickness and longitudinal length, spleen vein and artery diameters, the maximum blood velocity and blood flow of spleen vein and artery; RIA was applied to determine the serum levels of HA, LN, PCⅢ, CⅣ and CG; relevant analysis was made on the linear relationship between serum indices of hepatic fibrosis and spleen hemodynamics of the two groups.

选择30例三氯乙烯药疹样皮炎患者作为观察组，30例同时期健康体检者作为对照组，用彩色多普勒超声仪，检测脾脏厚度及长径、脾动静脉直径、脾动静脉血流量和脾静脉最大流速SPV(下标 x。用放射免疫法检测肝纤维化指标透明质酸、层粘连蛋白、Ⅲ型前胶原、Ⅳ型胶原和甘胆酸的水平，并对观察组与对照组的脾血流动力学参数与肝纤维化指标进行相关分析。

This paper is mainly comprised of two components:preparation of models of rats suffering from deficiency of spleen Yang;comparison of the pharmacodynamics impacts of different Lizhong Pills formulations made up by dried ginger or its different components in Lizhong Pills to the different groups of the models.1 Establish the model of deficiency of spleen YANG induced by " cypsum fibrosum and anemarrhenae " with complex factors1.1 ObjectivesWith using heat-clearing and fire-purging drug cypsum fibrosum and anemarrhenae,insteading of the common usage of rhubarb and folium sennae,accompanied with irregular diet and overstrained,the model of deficiency of spleen-YANG is to be established,which is much close to the pathopoiesis theory of " frigidity and chilly damaging yang,irregular diet injuring qi,overstrain impairing the spleen" in TCM.1.2 MethodsModel rats is fully fed every other day,given the molding drug of cypsum fibrosum -anemarrhenae(concentration 4:1) with 3 different frequency,and arranged to swim everyday in 25℃water until exhausted(performing as spitting bubble 3 times continuously or sinking unable to float by itself).

全文共分为脾阳虚模型的制备和干姜及其成分对理中丸药效学影响的比较两大部分。1&石膏-知母&复合法脾阳虚模型的制备1.1目的以清热泻火药石膏-知母代替常用的大黄、番泻叶类苦寒泻下药，并结合饥饱失常、劳倦过度的方法进行造模，以期建立更符合中医&寒凉伤阳、饥饱伤气和劳倦伤脾&致病思路的中医脾阳虚证候模型。1.2方法模型动物隔日足量喂食，每日在25℃水中游泳，直至大鼠连续三次吐泡下沉，或沉入水底，3秒内不能自行浮出水面，并以三种不同给药频率灌胃给予石膏一知母煎液，比较石膏-知母不同给药方法对制备脾阳虚模型的影响。

Results The cause of spleen damnification was spleen tumefaction,spleen was tightly conglutinated,spleen-stomach ligament was shorter,position of cut was not appropriate,the corner of rib was smaller,operation was not fine,anaes-thesia was ineffective,mentality and experience were not ripe.

结果 脾肿大、脾周粘连、脾胃韧带过短、手术切口过小、患者生理性两侧肋缘夹角较锐、麻醉效果不良、术者求速手术心理、手术操作较粗暴、手术经验不足等是造成脾损伤的主观和客观原因。

The thymuses, spleens, sera and anticoagulant blood were collected after the rats were killed, to carry out these works:(1) Zinc concentrations were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry;(2) Body weight and the weight of thymuses and spleens were measured, the organ index were calculated;(3) Changes in pathology of thymus and spleen were observed;(4) Using TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) method, the apoptosis of thmocytes and spleen lymphocytes was checked;(5) The expression of bcl-2、bax mRNA in thymus and spleen were detected by RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction);(6) The expression of p56〓, a signal transduction protein in thymus and spleen were detected by immunohistochemistry;(7) Two-color cytofluorometric analysis was used to assess the expression of CD4, CD8, CD45RA and CD45RC in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

动物处死后留组织、抗凝血及血清，进行以下检测：(1)原子吸收法测血清锌浓度；(2)测胸腺、脾脏脏器重量并与大鼠体重比较，计算脏器指数；(3)HE染色对胸腺、脾脏进行病理观察；(4)原位末端标记法测胸腺、脾脏中淋巴细胞的自发凋亡，并通过图像分析进行比较；(5)逆转录聚合酶链式反应检测凋亡调控基因bcl-2、bax mRNA在免疫器官中的表达；(6)免疫组化方法检测信号转导蛋白p56〓在免疫器官中的表达；(7)流式细胞术分析外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+、CD8+、CD45RA+及CD45RC+CD4+、CD45RC-CD4+细胞的数量和比例。

A better understanding of the function of spleen has been gained recently, owing to the in-depth studies on the structure, cellular function, secretion and innervation of spleen. It is generally accepted that the spleen is the important part of the regulation network between immune, nerve and endocrine system. The spleen has much more function besides blood filtering and storage, haematogenesis, and immunization, and its immune function has characteristics of \\\\\\\"two-way\\\\\\\" and \\\\\\\"phase\\\\\\\".

近年来，随着对脾脏组织结构、细胞功能、分泌功能和神经支配的深入研究，对于脾脏的功能有了更加深入的认识：脾脏是机体免疫-神经-内分泌网络调节中心的一个重要组成部分，其功能并不仅仅局限于滤血、免疫、造血和储血等，而且脾脏的免疫功能具有&双向性&和&时相性&的特点。

Green function defined inphase space differs from one in coordinate space by its struc-ture which exhibits nonlocatity in coordinates and oscillatorybehavior with respect to momenta.

在相空间中定义的Green函数不同于通常坐标空间的Green函数，在结构上显示出对坐标的高度非局域性，而对动量则显示出振荡行为。

The upper front part of a saddle;a saddlebow.

前鞍桥马鞍前面的上部分；前鞍桥