查询词典 spinal puncture

Objective To sum up the feasibility and safety of extradural block in situ after puncture of spinal dura mater.

目的 总结硬脊膜穿破后原位实施硬膜外阻滞的可行性和安全性。

Medication during early pregnancy can cause fetal spina bifida, cleft palate, clubfoot, small limbs, Phocomelia, umbilical prominent cheek transverse fissure, cerebral meningocele, cerebral spinal cord dysfunction, osteogenesis imperfecta and fetal death. 2, prednisone: big neat administration during early pregnancy can cause stillbirth, streaming, no brains infants, small ectopic kidney, one-eyed, cleft palate, bone deformities, such as. 3, 6-8 weeks pregnant villus chromosome examination; pregnant 16-20 weeks to do the amniotic fluid puncture in amniotic fluid cell chromosome examination; At the same time, dynamic observation of maternal alpha-fetoprotein content; attention fetal B-track general shape and structural abnormalities offal.

妊娠早期用药可致胎儿脊柱裂，腭裂，畸形足，小肢，短肢畸形，脐突出，颊横裂，脑脊膜膨出，脑脊髓功能障碍，成骨发育不全及胎儿死亡。2、强的松：妊娠早期大齐整给药可引起死产、流、无脑儿、小异位肾、独眼、腭裂、骨畸形等。3、孕6-8周取绒毛组织进行染色体检查；孕16-20周行羊水穿刺做羊水细胞的染色体检查；同时，动态观察母血中的甲胎蛋白含量；注意B超跟踪胎儿大体形态和内脏结构是否异常。

Background: To investigate the incidences of postdural puncture headacheafter spinal anesthesia between different occipital altitude.

研究目的：施行脊髓麻醉后，以睡枕头之有无探讨枕部高度对於脊膜穿刺后头痛发生率有无不同。

No postdural puncture headache and no spinal hematomaoccurred.

没有发生椎管内注射后疼痛和脊髓血肿。

Results: No differences were observed in the incidences of postdural puncture headacheafter spinal anesthesia with or without pillow support. There were significantly less neck stiffness and significantly improved patients satisfaction in the study group.

研究结果：实验组及控制组在脊髓麻醉后PDPH发生率，在统计上并无显著差异，但在肩颈酸痛程度和麻醉病患满意度方面，统计结果：为实验组肩颈酸痛程度(1.57分)小於控制组(3.23分)；而麻醉病患满意度调查结果为实验组的8.07分，高於控制组的满意度调查结果7.95分，虽两组平均分数差异不大，但统计结果皆为 p＜。05，表示实验组和控制组在统计上有差异。

Pillow support after spinal anesthesia reduces neck stiffness and improves patient satisfaction without an increase on the incidence of postdural puncture headache.

适宜的枕部高度并不会影响PDPH发生率，但却能改善脊髓麻醉后肩颈酸痛程度，且能增加麻醉满意程度。

The metabolic and endocrine sequelae of intrafacetal depot steroids have not been studied, but extrapolating from epidural steroid injections, one would expect suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis lasting up to 4 weeks depending on the depot steroid used, and impaired insulin sensitivity manifesting as elevated glucose levels for less than a week.251,252 Although rare, a host of infections have been reported after intraarticular injections including septic arthritis, epidural abscess, and meningitis.253–255 Case reports of spinal anesthesia and postdural puncture headache have also been published.256,257

小关节间隙类固醇滞留所产生的代谢和内分泌作用也未见研究，但是从硬膜外类固醇注射可以推知，依据使用量的不同，其抑制下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的时间可以持续4周。很多报道显示关节内注射后可以发生感染，但发生率较少，包括脓毒性关节炎，硬膜外脓肿及脑膜炎。也可见关于脊髓麻痹及穿刺后疼痛的报道。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。