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Daily and seasonal variations of dominant plant species transpiration rate are distinct in the research area, and the transpiration rate is lineally relevant to environmental factors. The evapotranspirations of plant species are different in sandy plant communities of the research area. The position of water deficiency layer in all the communities soil isinfluenced by position of the water moisture severe fluctuation layer and dense root systems layer.

研究区主要植物种蒸腾速率日变化和季节变化明显，蒸腾速率与环境因子呈线性显著相关；研究区植物群落蒸散量随植物种类而不同；各群落土壤水分亏缺的空间分布与土壤水分剧烈变化层、根系密集分布层相吻合，季节动态则与植物物候期密切相关。

Daily and seasonal variations of dominant plant species transpiration rate are distinct in the research area, and the transpiration rate is lineally relevant to environmental factors. The evapotranspirations of plant species are different in sandy plant communities of the research area. The position of water deficiency layer in all the communities' soil is influenced by position of the water moisture severe fluctuation layer and dense root systems layer.

研究区主要植物种蒸腾速率日变化和季节变化明显，蒸腾速率与环境因子呈线性显著相关；研究区植物群落蒸散量随植物种类而不同；各群落土壤水分亏缺的空间分布与土壤水分剧烈变化层、根系密集分布层相吻合，季节动态则与植物物候期密切相关。

Their taxonomy of mutants paralleled the Linnean system of natural species: every monstrosity was assigned a class, order, family, genus, and even species.

他们关于变异体的分类体系和林奈的自然物种体系是平行的：每一个怪物都有纲、目、科、属甚至种。

Lyell and Hooker agreed that a joint paper should be presented at the Linnean Society, and on 1 July 1858, the papers entitled On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection, by Wallace and Darwin respectively, were read out but drew little reaction.

莱尔和胡克赞成在林奈学会上提交一份联合论文；1858年7月1日，一个题名为"论物种形成品种的趋势，以及通过自然方式选择的品种和物种的无限延续"的报告，由华莱士和达尔文分别宣读，但没有引起人们的注意。

Tropical elements have 76 species, approximating to 39.58% of the whole liverwort flora, East Asiatic elements (including Himalaya-Japan, Sino-Himalaya and Sino-Japan) with 75 species, approximating to 39.06%. The proportion of Temperate elements are low, approximating to 10.94% of the whole liverwort flora.

大围山苔类植物区系的主要特点是种类丰富，可以划分为11种地理成分，其中热带成分比例最大(39.58％)，东亚成分略低于热带成分(39.06％)，温带成分较少(10.94％)。

Videlicet, this sequence represents the accountability of the 11 features in distinguishing insects on the level of species. According to the above results, some features varies not remarkably on all levels, such as Lobation, Shape-Parameter etc. This shows that such kind of features are nearly same in all species of insects, and can represent the feature suitable to distinguish all insects from other classes of animals. On the other hand, they are not suitable as distinguishable features of levels which lower than insect Class.

从结果可以看出，有些特征在各个分类阶元上差异均不是很显著，如叶状性、形状参数，说明此类特征在昆虫中具有较强的共性，可以代表整体昆虫的特征，而不适合于作昆虫纲下阶元的分类特征；有些特征在各分类阶元下的差异始终比较显著，如周长、面积等，说明这些特征适合在各分类阶元上作为昆虫的分类特征。

This paper extracted and analysed 11Math-Mophological Features such as Area, Perimeter, X-Length, Y-Length, Shape-Parameter, Lobation, Sphericity, Circularity, Roundness, Eccentricity and HoleNumber. Based on 40 species of insects which belonging to 8 Orders, 25 Families. And then ranks the accountability of 11 features each in insect identification while assessing their implication to insect taxonomy on levels of Order, Superfamily, Family and Species. More than those, also describes the kinship among the insects of various categories within the same level from the perspective of mathematical morphology through cluster analyses.

论文对隶属于8个目25科的40种昆虫利用计算机视觉技术进行了自动鉴别研究，从昆虫图像中提取和分析了这些昆虫的面积、周长、横轴长、纵轴长、形状参数、叶状性、球状性、圆形性、似圆度、偏心率、亮斑数等11项数学形态特征，并分别探讨了在目、总科、科及种分类阶元上这些数学特征在昆虫分类中的应用可能性和可靠性，利用聚类分析从数学形态学角度对所涉及到的同阶元昆虫类群的亲缘关系做了描述。

There is little difference between the molecular phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA cox3 sequence and the species phylogenetic tree. But the results of Locusta nugratoria and Apis mellifera iigustica in molecular phylogenetic tree are different from those in species phylogenetic tree.

基于mtDNA COX3序列数据构建的分子系统进化树基本上可反映一组物种的亲缘关系，但东亚飞蝗和蜜蜂在分子系统树中与形态系统中的结果明显不同，可能与生态环境及繁殖方式有关。

Some species, like the lodgepole pine, use the extreme heat of large fires to release their seeds. Other species, like the ponderosa pines seen burning in this aerial shot of an Idaho fire, need frequent but more mild, low-level fires to thrive.

有些树木如lodgepole松，需要大火来释放种子，但是ponderosa松树林正在燃烧从航空鸟瞰爱达荷州的火灾，但是只需要温和、低水平的火有利于它的繁荣。

The basic logogram usually represents the species of the animal, whereas two short horizontal lines denotes the male of the species, and an extra vertical line denotes the female.

在一个表示一种动物的符号上加上两条短的横线表示雄性，加上一条竖线则表示雌性。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。