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According to the study result of species selection,12 species of Eucaly-ptus and Acacia were introduced in 1993 in Yuanmou of Yunnan Province Through observing and analysing for more than 2 years and comparing the adaptability and rapidly-growing ability with Leucaena lecocephala introduced successfully before the authors found that Eucalyptus camaldulensis,A auriculiformis ,A caciamangium were the optimal afforestation species in dry-hot river valley of Yuamou This had certain significance to guide...

根据树种选择研究结果，1993年在云南元谋引种桉属和金合欢属树种12个，经两年多的初步观测分析，并与原引种成功的新银合欢比较适应性和速生性，认为赤桉、大叶相思、马占相思可作为元谋干热河谷造林的最优树种，逐步扩大栽培试验，对当地植被恢复适生树种的使用具有一定指导意义。

Based upon the ecoanatomical method, leaf anatomical characters of eleven populations of six evergreen species (Cyclobalanopsis glauca, C. myrsinaefolia, C. gracilis, Castanopsis sclerophylla, C. eyrei and Lithocarpus glaber) from the eastern subtropical area of China were analyzed and compared with SPSS, DCA and TWINSPAN. The results are: 1. Although the leaf structures of the eleven populations still belong to the mesophyll type, they all express the trend of xerophilization. 2. There are some differences in leaf anatomical characters among populations, species and genera, which occur as the results of their adaptation to different habitats. 3. Different leaf anatomical characters have different variations among populations, species and genera, of which leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness (considered as ecological adaptation characters) have greater variation than sponge tissue thickness, lower cuticle thickness and lower epidermis thickness (as systematical evolution characters). 4. The leaves of C. sclerophylla and C. glauca with thicker lamina, palisade tissue and cuticle (a multilayered upper epidermis in C. sclerophylla) are thought to better adapt to their dry habitat. The leaves of C. eyrei with thicker sponge tissue, although characterized by a multlayered upper epidermis, adapt to their humid and warm habitat. The leaves of C. myrsinaefolia and C. gracilis characterized by a thinner lamina, a less palisade tissue and a moderate cuticle thickness adapt to the humid and cool habitat in a middle mountain.

选取亚热带东部替代分布明显的壳斗科6种常绿树种（青冈、小叶青冈、细叶青冈、苦槠、甜槠和石栎）的11个种群叶片进行生态解剖，并用SPSS， DCA和TWINSPAN比较分析，结果表明：①尽管6种11个种群叶的结构仍属中生叶型，但有着不同程度的趋旱适应；②叶的解剖性状在属间、种间和种群间均存在着不同程度的差异，这是它们适应各自生境的结果，青冈和石栎的种内差异较大，反映出它们对环境变化有较强响应能力；③叶片的不同解剖性状在属、种类和种群间的变化并不同步，其中叶片和栅栏组织厚度等性状差异突出，反映它们更易受环境的饰变，是生态适应性状，而海绵组织、下角质膜，特别是下表皮厚度等性状差异较小，显示出这些性状的稳定性，可以认为是系统演化性状；④苦槠、青冈具有较厚的叶片、栅栏组织、角质膜和发达输导和机械组织，苦槠还具有复表皮，表现出对旱化生境的适应；甜槠尽管具有复表皮和较厚的叶片，但这是海绵组织增厚的结果，是对中生生境的适应；小叶青冈和细叶青冈具有较薄的叶片和栅栏组织、角质膜厚度居中等特点，可能是对中山凉湿生境的适应。

402 Bp length fragments of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from 9 species of genus Lutjanidae in South China Sea were cloned and sequenced.The resulting data were combined with homologous sequences of 9 species in western Atlantic in America and 1 species in Philippines of Lutjanidae downloaded from GenBank to form the analysis matrix.

测定了9种中国南海的笛鲷属鱼类的细胞色素b基因的部分序列，结合来自GenBank中1种分布于菲律宾和9种分布于美国大西洋的笛鲷属鱼类的相应同源序列，用邻接法和最大简约法构建分子系统树。

Statistics show that Mahonia plant has high genetic diversity, and the distance of gene of same species with different place of origin is markedly smaller than that of different species. The species can be identified by comparing the distance of gene between populations with that of database.

统计结果显示：十大功劳属植物具有很高的遗传多态性，在研究的30个随机引物中，多态性比率为95％；不同产地的同种植物的遗传距离明显小于不同种；在应用中可望对待鉴定材料进行相同引物的扩增，引入数据库，通过计算样品与数据库标准样品的遗传距离来对待测样品进行鉴别，或直接通过聚类来确定其归属。

Interspecies hybridization and backcrossing is a means to transfer desirable genes from one species to another in breeding programs of higher plants. Monosomic alien addition lines can be produced via addition of single chromosome of an alien donor species to the entire chromosome complement of the recipient species.

在高等植物中，以种间杂交和回交把有益基因从一个物种转移到另一个物种为目的育种项目中，单个外源染色体常常被附加到含有受体细胞完整一套染色体中，形成异源单体附加系。

Human disturbance can increase number of species with high tolerance to trampling and other pressure. It has less effect on evenness and species richness.The interspecific association and correlation of 26 dominant species of the Vitex negundo L.

在旅游和居民生活的双重干扰下，多样性指数随干扰强度的增加而降低，促进了耐践踏、耐早种类的发展，对均匀度和物种数影响不大。

The results showed that the dominant tree species Picea jezoensis and Abies nephrolepis were distributed nearly over the whole transect,and the companion trees and most of shrubs were found in certain fragments respectively.The total number of species of the plot varied slightly,but species composition among the plots varied greatly along with the elevation variation.This trend reflected the high habitat diversity of this forest zone.

研究结果表明主要树种云杉和冷杉在整个暗针叶林带均有分布，而伴生树种和多数灌木出现于一定海拔范围内；沿海拔梯度物种数变化小而物种组成变化大则表明长白山暗针叶林丰富的生境多样性。

By using the specific PCR primers and T-A cloning, two species of AOB, 1 species of NOB and 11 species of ANAMMOX were detected in the SBBR one-step completely nitrogen removal process. One of the AOBs dominated at this reactor belonged to the family of Nitrosomonas for the similarity of 98% while another one was almost the same with an uncultured one.

同时通过T-A克隆的方法，在系统中发现2类不同的AOB序列，一类与氨氧化菌标准菌株Nitrosomonas有98%的较高相似性，另一类则与其它一种未得到纯培养的AOB接近，相似性为99%。

Nitrogen species in FCC diesel oil include basic species (such as aniline, quinoline, and their derivatives) and nonbasic species (such as indole, carbazole, and their derivatives), and only 0.1% of the nitrogen compounds are quinoline and about 64% of them are carbazole and their derivatives.

氮化物主要为碱性氮化物和非碱性氮化物两大类型，其中碱性氮化物主要是苯胺及其衍生物，喹啉含量很低，约占总氮质量分数的0.1%，非碱性氮化物主要包括吲哚及其衍生物和咔唑及其衍生物，而咔唑类氮化物一般约占总氮质量分数的64%。

Altogether, 5469 individuals and 79 species were observed belonging to 12 orders and 30 families (33 oriental, 32 palaearctic, and 14 widespread species), in which 5 species were second-class, protected wild animals in China.

青山湖拥有优良的自然环境，共发现鸟类79种5469只，隶属12目30科，其中，国家二级保护物种5种，属古北界的有32种（占40.5%），东洋界33种（占41.8%），广布种14种（占177%）。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。