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Chapter 5, from a cognitive point of view and integrating the analytical points covered in the previous chapters, examines the metaphoric nature of intentional humor which serves in a sub-discourse as ideational and/or interpersonal means of rhetoric under the global discourse of public speaking, with case analyses of such humorous metaphors, standard or non-standard, at the word, sentence, and discourse levels as well as at the meta-level, and with the idea of resemblance proximity to classify humorous metaphors into synecdochic, metonymic and metaphorical types.

第五章从认知语义的角度并结合前三章的分析来讨论公众演说者有意幽默的隐喻性，考察标准和非标准幽默隐喻在词汇、句子、话语层面以及在元层面的表现，并结合演说语料的个案分析考察幽默隐喻作为次话语在演说整体话语中所达到的概念修辞和人际修辞效果。基于隐喻的相似度，本章还将幽默隐喻进一步分类为借代性幽默、换喻性幽默，和隐喻性幽默。

The son of a father to whom history will accord certain attenuating circumstances, but also as worthy of esteem as that father had been of blame; possessing all private virtues and many public virtues; careful of his health, of his fortune, of his person, of his affairs, knowing the value of a minute and not always the value of a year; sober, serene, peaceable, patient; a good man and a good prince; sleeping with his wife, and having in his palace lackeys charged with the duty of showing the conjugal bed to the bourgeois, an ostentation of the regular sleeping-apartment which had become useful after the former illegitimate displays of the elder branch; knowing all the languages of Europe, and, what is more rare, all the languages of all interests, and speaking them; an admirable representative of the "middle class," but outstripping it, and in every way GRE ater than it; possessing excellent sense, while appreciating the blood from which he had sprung, counting most of all on his intrinsic worth, and, on the question of his race, very particular, declaring himself Orleans and not Bourbon; thoroughly the first Prince of the Blood Royal while he was still only a Serene Highness, but a frank bourgeois from the day he became king; diffuse in public, concise in private; reputed, but not proved to be a miser; at bottom, one of those economists who are readily prodigal at their own fancy or duty; lettered, but not very sensitive to letters; a gentleman, but not a chevalier; simple, calm, and strong; adored by his family and his household; a fascinating talker, an undeceived statesman, inwardly cold, dominated by immediate interest, always governing at the shortest range, incapable of rancor and of gratitude, making use without mercy of superiority on mediocrity, clever in getting parliamentary majorities to put in the wrong those mysterious unanimities which mutter dully under thrones; unreserved, sometimes imprudent in his lack of reserve, but with marvellous address in that imprudence; fertile in expedients, in countenances, in masks; making France fear Europe and Europe France!

他的父亲在历史上固然只能得到一个低微的地位，但他本人是值得敬重的，正如他父亲值得受谴责。他有全部私德和好几种公德。他关心自己的健康、自己的前程、自己的安全、自己的事业。他认识一分钟的价值，却不一定认识一年的价值。节俭，宁静，温良，能干，好好先生和好好亲王。和妻子同宿，在他的王宫里有仆从负责引导绅商们去参观他们夫妇的卧榻（在当年嫡系专爱夸耀淫风以后，这种展示严肃家规的作法是有好处的）。他能懂并且能说欧洲的任何种语言，尤其难得的是能懂能说代表各种利益的语言。他是&中等阶级&的可钦佩的代言人，但又超出了它，并且，从所有各方面看，都比它更伟大。他尽管尊重自己的血统，但又聪敏过人，特别重视自身的真实价值，尤其是在宗枝问题上，他宣称自己属于奥尔良系，不属于波旁系；当他还只是个至宁极静亲王殿下的时候，他俨然以直系亲王自居，一旦成了国王陛下，却又是个诚实的平民。在大众面前，不拘形迹，与友朋相处，平易近人；有吝啬的名声，但未经证实；其实，他原不难为自己的豪兴或职责而从事挥霍，但他能勤俭持家。有文学修养，但不大关心文采；为人倜傥而不风流，朴素安详而又坚强。受到家人和族人的爱戴，谈吐娓娓动听，是一个知过能改、内心冷淡、服从目前利益、事必躬亲、不知报怨也不知报德、善于无情地利用庸材来削弱雄才，利用议会中的多数来挫败那些在王权下面隐隐责难的一致意见。爱说真心话，真心话有时说得不谨慎，不谨慎处又有非凡的高明处。善于随机应变，富于面部表情，长于装模作样。

But other side , Dark value of oneself yet possess underrating the point , In immediate future the real scenery that lived on the community upper levels at that time may be out of probe into out , Secondly abstracting the element differentiateed Si in the poetry seeps into and also reacts mankind's necessity to the art effect of thinking development , As to taut with dark to spring up is the best instance verse speaking walk but scenery with hills and waters verse coming , It produces the regression to the image as displaying the poetry , But make known the sublimation in the one kind taller step that the poetry was produced , In immediate future in some essence that adjust to conceal the scenery with hills and waters image after pursues , But hoop of this middle , Ought to be undoubtedly that the dark word verse adjust in the firsthand poetry natural abandoing of image , This is that the dark word verse is living at the value location on the history of poetry .

而另一方面，玄言诗自身的价值仍有不可低估之处，即一可以从中探究出当时社会上层生活的实景；二是诗歌中抽象思辨因素的渗入也反应了人类思维发展对艺术影响的必然，至于紧随玄言诗步履而来的山水诗的兴起就是最好的例子，它既体现了诗歌创作对物象的回归，又反映了诗歌创作的一种更高层次上的升华，即对隐藏在山水物象之后的某种精神上的追求，而这中间的一环，无疑应是玄言诗对原始诗歌中朴质物象的舍弃，这才是玄言诗在诗史上的价值所在。

But other side , Dark value of oneself yet possess underrating the point , In immediate future the real scenery that lived on the community upper levels at that time may be out of probe into out , Secondly abstracting the element differentiateed Si in the poetry seeps into and also reacts mankinds necessity to the art effect of thinking development , As to taut with dark to spring up is the best instance verse speaking walk but scenery with hills and waters verse coming , It produces the regression to the image as displaying the poetry , But make known the sublimation in the one kind taller step that the poetry was produced , In immediate future in some essence that adjust to conceal the scenery with hills and waters image after pursues , But hoop of this middle , Ought to be undoubtedly that the dark word verse adjust in the firsthand poetry natural abandoing of image , This is that the dark word verse is living at the value location on the history of poetry .

而另一方面，玄言诗自身的价值仍有不可低估之处，即一可以从中探究出当时社会上层生活的实景；二是诗歌中抽象思辨因素的渗入也反应了人类思维发展对艺术影响的必然，至于紧随玄言诗步履而来的山水诗的兴起就是最好的例子，它既体现了诗歌创作对物象的回归，又反映了诗歌创作的一种更高层次上的升华，即对隐藏在山水物象之后的某种精神上的追求，而这中间的一环，无疑应是玄言诗对原始诗歌中朴质物象的舍弃，这才是玄言诗在诗史上的价值所在。

We of course can't deny the significance of transcendent asthetics and consumption asthetics. Because transcendent asthetics can give some critical proposal to the negative and had phenomenons in asthetic and art under market economic condition. Consumption asthetics possibly make some contribution to the research about connection between asthetic and consumption. But we should resolve a series of asthetic problem in the development of China socialism market economic realistically, historically and scientifically (expansively speaking, it's problem confronted by world contempory asthetics, including the connection between consumption and asthetic). We can't drop in some unrealistical and unhistorical fantasy, nor confused by temporary froth and illusion.We still need rely on the development of asthetics of Marxism practicing outlook nowadays.

我们当然不可否认&超越&美学及消费美学存在与发展的意义，因为&超越&美学可能对市场经济发展中，在审美与艺术方面出现的某些消极的、坏的现象提出某种批判的见解，消费美学也可能在研究消费与美的关系上作出某种贡献，但要现实地、历史地、科学地解决中国社会主义市场经济发展中出现的一系列美学问题（扩大开来说，也是当代世界美学面临的问题，包含消费与美的关系问题），既不堕入到各种非现实、非历史的玄想中去，也不为一时的泡沫、幻象所迷惑，仍然要依靠马克思主义实践观美学在当代的发展。

I invoke your consideration of the scene--the marble-topped tables, the range of leather-upholstered wall seats, the gay company, the ladies dressed in demi-state toilets, speaking in an exquisite visible chorus of taste, economy, opulence or art; the sedulous and largess-loving garcons, the music wisely catering to all with its raids upon the composers; the melange of talk and laughter--and, if you will, the Wurzburger in the tall glass cones that bend to your lips as a ripe cherry sways on its branch to the beak of a robber jay.

我提到下面的情景定会引起你的思考——大理石桌面的桌子，一排排靠墙的皮革椅座，愉快的侣伴，稍加打扮的女士们正以微妙而又明显可见的情趣争相谈论着经济、繁盛和艺术，小心周到喜欢慷慨的侍者，使作曲家慌忙不迭的音乐机灵地满足一切人的口味，还有杂七杂八的谈话声、欢笑声——假如你乐意的话，高高的玻璃锥体维尔茨堡酒将躬身到你的唇边，就像那枝头上的熟樱桃摇晃进强盗樫鸟的嘴壳一样。

I invoke your consideration of the scene--the marble-topped tables, the range of leather-upholstered wall seats, the gay company, the ladies dressed in demi-state toilets, speaking in an exquisite visible chorus of taste, economy, opulence or art; the sedulous and largess-loving garcons, the music wisely catering to all with its raids upon the composers; the melange of talk and laughter--and, if you will, the Wurzburger in the tall glass cones that bend to your lips as a ripe cherry sways on its branch to the beak of a robber jay.

我这位世界公民名叫E·拉什莫尔·科格兰，明年夏天他将在科尼岛②——他对我说，他即将在那儿建立一种新的&诱惑力&，并提供国王式的消遣。

Additional Green Business leaders speaking include Libby Reder of eBay's Environmental Initiatives, Woody Tasch of Slow Money, Bryan Welch from Ogden Publicatons, Priya Haji of World of Good, Joshua Onysko founder of Pangea Organics, Margot Fraser former CEO of Birkenstock USA, Joey Shepp of Earthsite, Terri Spath of RSF Social Finance and Adam Lowry of Method Products.

额外的绿色企业领导人来说，包括利比是eBay的环保措施，伍迪缓慢的货币，从布赖恩韦尔奇塔施奥格登Publicatons，普里亚的好，约书亚Onysko有机物的盘古，马戈弗雷泽勃肯美国，乔伊Shepp该公司前任CEO创始人世界哈吉瑞德Earthsite，特丽的无国界社会融资和亚当方法产品劳瑞斯帕思。

This bent on the vulgarisation of the artistic phenomenon is alive and well today. It is not, to be sure, a novel idea, it rests upon nearly a century of politics and social experience, but that is of no concern. It is predominantly the fruit of the development, both dazzling and merciless, of consumption, it in itself a consequence of economic reform. Artistically speaking, this form could have only been developed from the atmosphere of the nineteen nineties.

这种俗化的艺术现象的趋势至今依然未衰，当然这种大众化的思想虽然有着近百年中国社会和政治的基础，但是一个更重要的根本原因，仍然是中国经济改革所带来社会商品消费的迅猛发展所导致的，也只能在90年代中后期才能出现这种艺术现象和艺术策略。

The result pointed out that the vertical distribution of foliage for each species was different,however,generally speaking,the foliage in upper crown (0.3CL) for broad-leaved species in natural secondary forest took a small percentage,about 10%;in middle or middle lower of the crown(0.4CL to 0.8CL) the branches here took the majority percentage of whole foliage,almost 60%to 75%;but in lower crown(0.8CL),there was about 10%of whole foliage.(5)The interspecies competition of trees in secondary forest was expressed by Hegyi competitioin index,and the active competitor was calculated by the competition zone radius and the tree position,DBH,and distance in the zone,it was not all competitors in tranditional calculation.The study introduced crown area overlap index to describe the crown competition between subject tree and its competitors,furthermore,the crown area was classified into 5 levels with a method of equal crown projection area,therefor,the resulting crown area overlap index showed more realities of existing stand conditons.(6)Based on the theoretics of multiply divide,the spatial strcture optimizing model of secondary forest stand selective thinning was developed by diversity mingling,aggregation index,competition index and crown area overlap index,also designed 10 constraint conditions which were related to forestry meanings,the objective function was solved by the implicit enumeration method with LINGO 9.0,using 0-1 integer programming.

并且得出，每个树种在树冠内相对高度上的叶量的垂直分布是不同的，天然次生林阔叶树种的叶量在树冠的上部(0.3CL以下)所占比例很小，约占10%左右；在树冠的中部以及中下部(0.4CL～0.8CL)，叶量所占比例最大，几乎集中了整个树冠60%～75%的叶量；而在树冠的下部(0.8CL以下)，几乎占很少的叶量，大约10%左右。5、采用Hegyi竞争指数来表现次生林内林木的竞争关系，并且根据竞争圈的大小和林木在竞争圈内的分布位置、大小与距离来计算有效的竞争木，并不是传统意义上的全部竞争木；本研究提出用树冠叠加指数来表示林木与周围树木的树冠竞争情况，并采用等树冠投影面积法把树冠分为5级，这样计算的树冠叠加指数更加与现实林分相符。6、本研究基于乘除法的思想，用多样性混交度、聚集指数、竞争指数和树冠叠加指数构建了天然次生林择伐空间优化模型，设计了10个与林学意义相一致的约束条件，并采用0-1整数规划的思路，在LINGO9.0软件中使用了隐枚举法对目标函数求得最优解。7、以M702标准地为应用实例，具体计算出了每株采伐木，经过择伐后，目标函数值按模型设计的要求发生了极大的改变，增加了5倍多，说明了最后这个解的优良性，满足了设计的要求。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。