查询词典 spatial model

According to the cognitive linguistics, spatial metaphor is an image schema metaphor, which occurs when a spatial structure mapping onto a non-spatial concept by giving the concept a spatial orientation.

认知语言学认为，空间隐喻是一种意象图式隐喻，它将作为源域的空间概念投射到抽象的目标域，是给一个概念空间意义。

Cosmic space-energy and cosmic gravitation pair is such coincidence, the spatial measurement of stable relative time-space cosmic energy is the 1/3 spatial measurement of cosmic time-space, the spatial curvature of stable relative time-space cosmic energy is the 2/3 spatial measurement of cosmic time-space.

宇宙空间能与宇宙引力的匹配是那样的吻合，宇宙能量的稳定相对时空的宇称为宇宙时空宇称的1/3，空间的曲率为宇宙时空宇称的2/3。

Based on the development, classification, comparation of classific algorithms of spatial indices, the paper designs two efficient spatial indices including the improved quadtree and R+tree, applies them into spatial query processing, and realizes the spatial select query algorithm based the improved quadtree and R+tree, and nearest and k-nearest neighbour query based R tree.

在对空间索引技术的发展、分类和典型算法比较的讨论基础之上，本文设计并实现了两个高效的空间索引—改进的四叉树索引和R+树索引，并将这两个索引应用到空间查询处理中，分别实现了基于改进四叉树和基于R+树的空间选择查询算法以及基于R树的最临近查询和K最临近查询算法。

Study on the driving forces of land use/cover temporal-spatial change. On the basis of the systematical study on natural and social-ecomic factors including climate, population, technology and affluence status etc. during the past 50 years in this area, the multivariate statistics simulation models of LUCC were developed for two periods of 1950's-1980's and 1986-2000 respectively. Then, the Thiesson polygon method was used to the spatial allocation of soci-economic factors, thereby the spatial relationship between land use degree change and socieconomic factor variation was detected within GIS. Based on the analysis of the integrative characters in different geographical divisions, the electivity index was employed to describe the possible impacts of the natural landscape structure on spatial differentiation of land use transition. At last, correlation analysis between major roads and the distribution of land use change was made.

分析近50年气候资料和人文因子在不同年代的变化特点，系统地研究了气温和降水等自然因子和人口、农牧业发展、经济状况等人文因子对区域土地利用变化的影响；从时间序列的角度分析了50年代至80年代初和80年代中期至2000年两个时段土地利用／土地覆被变化的驱动因子，在相关分析的基础上，分时段建立了区域土地利用／覆被变化的自然-人文影响统计诊断模型；针对不同经济类型区选择典型县，分析近15年土地利用变化外在人文驱动力的区域相似性和差异性；尝试以THIESSEN多边形方法进行社会经济统计数据的空间化处理，探讨了土地利用程度变化与人文因素变化的空间相关关系；以优先指数模型和土地利用类型转化率与距交通干线距离的相关模型分析了景观自然与人文结构对土地利用空间转化过程的影响。

This chapter starts with the determination of primary sense of under. Then it focuses on how its spatial senses are extended from the central image schema to its transformations by metonymy. Next, this part also focuses on how its metaphorical senses are extended in terms of the central image schema and transformations by metaphor. In these analyses, this thesis summarizes four kinds of relations: the relation of UP-DOWN, the relation of HIGH-LOW, COVERING relation or the relation of IN-OUT and the relation of SOURCE-PATH-GOAL. Lots of metaphorical senses of under are derived from these basic spatial relations. In this thesis, the relations between the senses derived from central image schema and those derived from its transformations are explored at length. The relations between the spatial senses derived from central image schema and transformations and the metaphorical senses derived from them are also explored at length. The above analyses demonstrate that the sense extension of the spatial preposition is motivated by image schema, which also provides the root for metonymic and metaphorical extension. The semantic network of under is diagramed finally.

论文首先确定了under的首要意义；然后集中探讨了它的空间意义如何从中心意象图式，通过转喻形成许多变体，从而得以延伸；接着分析了它的隐喻意义如何从中心意象图式及其变体通过隐喻而得以延伸，在此分析中，本论文总结了四种关系：上—下关系﹑高—低关系﹑覆盖关系或里—外关系和起点—路径—目标关系，under的很多隐喻意义源于这些基本的空间关系；本论文还对源于中心意象图式的空间意义与源于其变体的空间意义的关系进行了详细的剖析；对源于中心意象图式与其变体的空间意义及其延伸的隐喻意义之间的关系，也同样进行了详细的剖析；通过分析论证了，意象图式是空间介词义项扩展的源泉，同时也为转喻和隐喻提供了基础；最后得出under的语义网络。

In the paper, the author establish the evaluation system between the "two planing" based on the reintegrating and perfecting of the spatial planning system in our country and the reforming requirement to the sub-planning of spatial planing—the "two planing" from the change of precondition of the making of planning, through which to indicate the complicated contradictive relation between the " two planning ", to quantificationally appraise the present maturity degree and to guide the developing direction to the " two planning ". the author try to find out the two planning's reform direction and emphases in aftertime though out putting the evaluation system between the "two planing" into the sample city regional practice. In the end of this paper, the division and the collaboration mechanisms of the "two planing" have been discussed under the future perfect spatial planning system, also the division and the collaboration two strategies of the "two planing" based on current situation development of planning and the future perfect spatial planning system have been pointed out.

论文从我国空间规划体系建设和完善的角度，结合规划外部环境变化背景下我国今后空间规划重点内容的转变对其子规划--城市总体规划和土地利用总体规划的要求建立了&两规&协调的评价体系，用来评价我国当前&两规&在规划理念、规划编制和规划实施等方面的成熟程度，引导&两规&未来发展；通过对样点城市区域&两规&协调的评价来反映当前我国&两规&编制实施状况，找出今后&两规&各自的重点研究内容；最后探讨了未来完善的空间规划体系下&两规&的分工协作机制，提出了基于规划未来发展和基于规划发展现状的&两规&分工协作策略。

The study involves spatial reference, spatial deixis, spatial meaning, spatial language structure and so on.

研究涉及空间参照、空间指示、空间语义、空间语构等问题。

On the basis of the former text, the author summarized that modern and traditional courtyard garden have association in spatial structure and spatial organization, and bring forward measures form the spatial inscape and spatial design of both inheritance and innovation.

笔者还在前文研究的基础上，总结出现代庭园和传统庭园在空间构成与空间组合方式以及空间类型与空间意向上存在相关性，并从空间构成要素和空间设计方法两方面提出继承与创新的措施。

The spatial semi-variogram values of above-ground biomass of perennial herbs and Mesophytes, following the increase of spatial distances, showed decreasing trends when semi-variogram values exceeding the effective ranges. Howeve,semi-variogram values of above-ground biomass of other functional groups, following the increase of spatial distances, showed a trend of increasing spatial variability, but semi-variogram values were at unchanged value when exceeding the effective ranges.

多年生草本和中生植物生物量变异函数值，在出现一个相对稳定的基台值后，开始下降，并随着空间距离的增加，空间变异性有减弱的趋势，而其它各功能群生物量表现出随着距离的增大空间变异性增强的趋势，但超过其变程后半方差函数值也基本稳定在一个极限值附近。

Biot's consolidation theory was used to serve as a frame working with the nonlinear elastic model or with elasto-plastic model in the program. Nonlinear elastic model includes Duncan-Zhang model, Gong Xiannan Ko consolidation model and the model proposed in chapter 2. Elasto-plastic model in the program includes Mohr-Coulomb model, Drucker-Prager model and the bounding surface model developed in chapter 3. The program can be used in cases of plane problem and axisymmtric problem.

FOR，针对软土地基的变形特点，该程序以Biot固结理论为框架，可以进行线弹性，非线性弹性和弹塑性的有限元计算，在非线性弹性模型中包括了Duncan—Chang模型、龚晓南Ko固结模型和本文建立的非线性模型，弹塑性模型中包拓了Mohr—Coulomb模型，Drucker—Prager模型以及本文中建立的边界面模型，该程序可以考虑平面问题也可以考虑轴对称问题。

Putt your way through 36 fun-filled holes of minigolf on 3D designed courses with elevated greens, bunkers, bridges and water hazards, among other crazy obstacles.

您的推杆方式，通过36个有趣的填孔迷你的三维设计的课程，以提升绿党，掩体，桥梁和水的危害，除其他疯狂的障碍。

Some participles can be used either as attributes or as predicatives.

有些分词既可当定语用，也可当表语用。