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I.! y P,{7 v: R; O0 D INTRODUCTIONIn most of the previous studies like [1-3], the effect of SRS in DWDM fiber opticsystems has been treated under various assumptions like undepleted pump approximation, wavelength independent fiber loss coefficient, triangular approximation of Raman gainprofile, negligible loss of energy whenever a short wavelength photon is transformed into a long wavelength photon (i.e., l i / l k ~ 1), equal power loading in all the wavelength channels and equal channel spacing.

P _ W/ I 在以往的绝大多数研究中，如[1-3]，人们都认为， SRS 在 DWDM 光纤系统中的影响是在诸多假设，如未衰减泵近似值，波长依赖光纤损耗系数，喇曼增益表的三角近似值，当短波光子被转变为长波光子时(i.e。， l i / l k ~ 1可忽略不计的能量损耗，各波长通道均等的动力负载以及均等的信道的频率间隔。

The spacing between uninsulated live parts of different circuits involving different voltages shall be not less than that required for the circuit of the higher voltage.

不同电路中的不同电压下的未加绝缘的带电部件之间的间隔应不小于较高电压电路的间隔要求。

After analysizing the results of SSRFEM and centrifugal model test, someconclusions are drawn that, the depth of slip surface implies that the Bishopssimplied method cannot indicate the true failure mechanism for the slopes reinforcedwith piles. The rate of safety factors decreases with the pile spacing decreasing, andthe salty factor of the slopes is the largest when the reinforced piles are installed in themiddle of the slopes, regardless of pile head confining conditions, and the deflection,maximum bending moment and shear force in the reinforced piles in the criticalcollapse are the biggest meantime. The fixed and hinged head condition of the pilesresults in smaller bending moment in the piles than that in unrotated and free headcondition, therefore the restrained pile head condition is recommended in the design.

3不同特性与工况下抗滑桩与土体相互作用的数值分析与离心模型试验研究表明：采用简化Bishop法计算得到的滑动面不能反映抗滑桩加固边坡的破坏机理，抗滑桩设置在边坡中部和减小桩间距有利于提高边坡稳定安全系数，而此时抗滑桩在边坡临界破坏时的挠度、最大弯矩和最大剪力相对较大；桩头固定、铰接与桩头自由、平移相比，所加固边坡的整体水平位移及边坡临界破坏时抗滑桩的最大弯矩相对较小，而稳定安全系数则较大，因此在进行抗滑桩设计时应尽量选择桩头固定与铰接的型式，或对桩头进行锚固以改善抗滑桩的受力特性，提高边坡的稳定安全性状。

Baziling forked tunnel along Shanghai-Chengdu Expressway in construction is an unsymmetrically loaded tunnel. Construction process of forked tunnel is very complex because the forked tunnel includes twin-bore section and small clear spacing section. So, it's important for forked tunnel to adopt appropriate construction process.

正在施工的沪蓉西高速公路八字岭分岔隧道属于偏压隧道，而且分岔隧道包括连拱段和小净距段，施工过程转换复杂，因此，采用正确的施工方案对于隧道的稳定性非常重要。

Aiming at ShengPing oil field low recovery percent, production rate, composite water cut and far well spacing, by untabulated reservoir well testing, development potential analyses and a series of important measures analyses, this paper takes infilled well pattern to improve oil field developing efficiency.

本论文针对永乐油田采出程度不高，综合含水较低，采油速度较低，井距又相对较大的实际情况，通过开发潜力分析及对油田开发过程中所进行的一系列重大调整措施效果分析研究的基础上，提出了通过实施以加密调整为重点的综合调整措施，达到改善和提高油田开发效果。

Spatial holeburning caused by ununiform widening of erbiumdoped fiber barricades the fully gaincontrolled amplification of laser with single wavelength. A novel configuration of automatic gainclamped optical erbiumdoped fiber amplifier is presented, and a high-birefringence fiber Bragg grating is used to generate pumping lasers, peaks of which are written at 1549.3 nm and 1549.83 nm with a wavelength spacing of 0.53 nm.

掺铒光纤非均匀展宽引起的空间烧孔现象导致单波长激光并不能完全控制放大器增益，提出了一种新颖的自动增益控制掺铒光纤放大器的结构：即采用高双折射光纤布拉格光栅产生抽运光，其写制光栅的波峰对应的波长分别为1549.3 nm和1549.83 nm，波长间隔为0.53 nm。

Spacing the same material 16 inches away from the wall increases that to 0.40 - a nearly three-fold improvement.

间隔同样的材料16英寸远离墙壁增加，为0.40 -近3倍的改善。

Some formal intermediary companies will require owners to fill out a receipt of engines, and the owners must be in receipt of written clearly names, identity card numbers and contact telephone number, address or disc units, size spacing, indoor facilities, and other information and the key number, such as the possibility of lending.

目前一些正规的中介公司都会要求业主填写一张收匙收据，且业主必须在收据上写清楚姓名、身份证号码及联系电话，放盘单位的地址、面积间隔、室内配套等资料以及钥匙的数量、能否外借等内容。

Fin spacing and density of the staggered tube bundle have much more influence on its performance, when the distance between fins decreased or the tube distributing density increased, heat transfer of the exchanger will be strengthened and pressure drop will be distinctly aggrandized.

从实验和模拟结果分析可知，实验所得传热因子j较模拟结果有12%范围内的减小，而阻力因子f有4%～16%的增大；翅片间距和管排密集度对翅片管换热器性能影响很大，减小翅片间距和增大管排密集度均能增强换热器的换热效果，但压力损失也明显增加。

Secondly, the structural performance of backfilled embankment slopes reinforced by geogrids are studied, namely, reinforcement coefficients such as the spacing, number of geogrid layers, tension ability of geogrid and slope factors such as slope angle, cohesion, angle of internal friction, unit weight and so on how to affect the stability of slopes.

然后作者从多方面着手对土工格栅加筋回填土路堤边坡的结构性能进行了研究，即土工格栅埋设于土体中的间距、加筋层数、土工格栅的抗拉强度、边坡坡角、回填土的粘聚力、内摩擦角、重度等参数对整个边坡体系加筋效果的影响。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新