查询词典 sovereignty

Complying with the expand of monarch\'s strength, Bodin originated the concept of "sovereignty", his sovereignty was higher than the law, and could create and abolish the legal order; Bodin thought that only monarch had appropriation of sovereignty, this sovereign power of monarch was above law and order, but there were some constraints on sovereignty, namely legitimacy of the request. Bodin thought that the validity of sovereignty originated from God, thus monarch needed to obey God, and sovereignty should also subordinate to the fundamental purpose of polity, which were the blend of Christian ethic and classical virtues.

第三节探讨博丹的"主权"理论，博丹顺应君主国力量不断壮大这一形势，首倡"主权"概念，主权高于法律，并且创造和废止单纯的法律秩序；在博丹看来，惟有君主享有主权，君主的权力高于法律秩序；不过主权并非无所顾忌，主权背后隐含着某种制约因素，也即合法性的要求，而博丹认为主权的合法性来源于上帝，因而主权也要服从上帝，服从政治体的根本目的，实质上是基督教伦理和古典善的某种糅合。

As to this has formed different understanding between developed country and developing country, the developed country thinks human rights has already substituted " foundation stone " that the traditional sovereign equality has become the international relations, emphasize the sovereignty is to threaten human rights , if wanting to protect human rights , must limit state sovereignty , is it advocate " human rights higher than sovereignty "," human rights borderless ", for maintain human rights can go on " humanistic intervention " to other country to do one's utmost.

对此在发达国家和发展中国家之间形成了不同的认识，发达国家认为人权已经替代了传统的主权平等成为国际关系的"基石"，强调主权就是威胁人权，要保护人权就必须限制国家主权，极力宣扬"人权高于主权"、"人权无国界"，为了维护人权可以对他国进行"人道主义干预"。

From the 80's of last century, the theory that advocates weakening states' economic sovereignty or the voice of "outdate of sovereignty " has directly affected the fundamental theory and practice in economic sovereignty.

上世纪80年代以来，西方国家在理论研究上出现了"主权弱化"、"泛化"和主张"主权过时"的论调，直接影响到经济主权的基本理论与实践。

The jury is preeminently a political institution; it must be regarded as one form of the sovereignty of the people; when that sovereignty is repudiated, it must be rejected, or it must be adapted to the laws by which that sovereignty is established.

审判团最重要的是一种政治制度；它应当作为人们世俗统治权的一种形式来考虑；当这种权力遭到否定的时候，它一定会被拒绝，或者它被法律规定，从而人们的世俗统治权得到建立。

After a comparative analysis,this article introduces the embodiment of national sovereignty in private international law.In the area of private international law,national sovereignty must shake off the astriction of sovereignty priority theory and set up the cooperative idea of parallel coordination.

本文对国家主权进行对比分析后，将其在国际私法中的体现予以介绍，并指出在当代国际私法领域中国家主权必须摆脱&主权优位&理论的束缚，树立&平位协调&前提下的主权合作观念。

The social level structure is defined from its basic conception, in-depth meaning and characteristics. The term refers to a functional being and social reality, a unity of physical space and value space as well as connectional and theoretical existence. Viewed from the perspective of political philosophy, the social level structure is a political sovereignty grading or ladder in a state who values the supremacy of sovereignty, penetrating into economic, cultural and social fields, universally forming social relationship. Based on general social structure, social system and political sovereignty, the social level structure is an abstractly summary of social hierarchy which is neither a copy of political structure nor simply addition of economic, cultural and social structure. The social level structure is long hidden but universally existing, deeply affecting and shaping social system, people's life and thinking. Based on the above, the thesis probes the social foundation, evolutional law, fundamental quality, running mechanism, historical function, current significant and the reform necessity.

从社会层级结构概念的基本规定、深层意蕴和性状表现三个方面界定社会层级结构概念，认为社会层级结构既是一种实体性存在和社会现实，也是一种观念性存在和理论构造，是物理空间和意义空间的统一；从政治哲学视野，社会层级结构是在政治国家内部按照权力至上的方式形成的权力级别或权力阶梯，并渗透到经济、文化、社会领域，形成具有普遍性的社会关系体系；它以总体社会结构为依托，以社会制度为外化，以政治权力为中轴；它既不是政治结构的翻版，不是社会阶层结构的别名，也不是经济、文化、社会结构的简单叠加，而是对它们层级性的一种抽象和概括；这种结构长期隐而不显，但却无处不在、无时不有，深深地影响和牢牢地控制着社会制度、人的生活和人的思维方式。

The sovereignty demisability concretely expresses in part demisability of political sovereignty,economic sovereignty and cultural sovereignty.

国家政治主权、经济主权、文化主权的部分让渡是国家主权让渡的具体表现。

In the context of the development of globalization, national sovereignty transference has become a realistic and important issue. On the base of using the existing research production concerning national sovereignty transference at home and abroad, this dissertation put forward national sovereignty transference with self-determination and finity as the basic paradigm to deal with the national sovereignty issue, and applies the Marxist standpoint, viewpoint and method studies the issue creatively and foreseeingly. The dissertation is composed of nine chapters(ex the introduction and epilogue).

国家主权让渡问题是全球化发展背景下的一个现实而又十分重要的问题，本文运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法，在借鉴国内外已有的关于国家主权让渡研究成果的基础上，提出以国家主权自主有限让渡作为解决全球化发展背景下主权问题的基本范式并对此问题进行了具有一定创新性和前瞻性的研究。

This dissertation mainly acquaints the related theory on sovereignty from the angle of international politics, resumptively introduces classic sovereignty theory and effective modern theory, retrospects the develop course of them, and draws a conclusion on the basic connotation and character of sovereignty theory.

古典主权理论是适应资产阶级革命需要的；而现当代国家主权理论也反映了强国和弱国不同的利益需求，强国为了实现对世界秩序的主导坚持相对主权论、否定和干涉主权论，而弱国、小国为了保护自己的利益，则坚持绝对主权。

Democratic lawmaking procedure is the only resource of legitimacy in a post- metaphysical time. But there was a struggle between two resource of legitimacy which are human right and popular sovereignty. In resent several decades, the claim advocated by liberalism prevails and insists that human right is prior to popular sovereignty. As a west Marxism, Habermas anxious about how the core idea of radical democracy, legitimate law can only be endowed by its addressers, can be realized in a complex modern society. His effort embodied in his discursive interpretation of popular sovereignty and two-track deliberative democracy.

在后形而上学时代，民主的立法程序是合法性的唯一资源，但人权和人民主权这两种合法化资源在政治思想史上一直相互竞争，在近几十年中，自由主义的主张——人权优先于人民主权一直占有压倒性优势，作为西方马克思主义代表人物的哈贝马斯所关心的问题是，激进民主的核心理想——法律的合法性只能由服从它的公民来赋予——如何才能在复杂而多元的现代社会中继续保持其活力？

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失