查询词典 solute

Based on the physical meaning of each term in the linear parameter log I (a constant correlating the affinity of solut e t o stationary phase) of stoichiometric displacement model for retention o f solute, the thermodynamic characteristics of log I of solute in revers ed-phase liquid chromatography were investigated theoretically. This poi nt was tested by experimental data with two linear relationships:(1) plot of log I vs 1/T with apolar, polar small solut es and proteins;(2) plot of log I vs log Po/w (partition co effi cient of solute between n-octanol and water) with apolar and polar smal l solutes.

依据液相色谱中溶质计量置换保留模型及线性参数log I(与1 mol溶质对固定相的亲和势大小有关的常数)，通过作图得知非极性和极性小分子溶质及生物大分子的log I与绝对温度的倒数1/T，以及小分子溶质的log I与其在正辛醇-水中分配系数的对数log Po/w呈线性关系，从两方面进一步证明了log I具有热力学平衡常数的性质。

The number of moles of a solute in a litre of solution is its molarity; the number of moles of solute in 1,000 g of solvent is its molality.

1升溶液中溶质的莫耳数是它的体积克分子浓度；1，000克溶液中溶质的莫耳数是它的重量克分子浓度。

The number of mole s of a solute in a litre of solution is its molarity; the number of mole s of solute in 1,000 g of solvent is its molality.

1升溶液中溶质的莫耳数是它的体积克分子浓度；1，000克溶液中溶质的莫耳数是它的重量克分子浓度。

The results show that the retention time of solute in HPLC is controlled by the molecular radius or molar volume, the dipole moment, the sum of negative Mülliken charges LUMO and the interaction between solution and solute.

结果表明溶质在反相C18柱上的保留值由分子半径或体积、分子的偶极矩、分子的静电力及溶质与流动相分子相互作用力决定。

It was indicated by the CALPHAD that the solute content at the end point of primary solidification changes synchronistically with the start point, solute content in dendritic arm and the partition coefficient increase with the solid fraction. Simple Scheil equation was shown to be able to calculate the eutectic amount on the base of partition coefficient calculated by thermodynamics, its prediction for the different solutes is self--consistent and agreeable with the CALPHAD. The eutectic amount and SDAS was measured in DC experiment and compared to model value, it was shown that the experimental data are in agreement with the model prediction.

相图计算耦合Scheil模型的计算结果显示， Al--Cu--Zn合金单相凝固结束点的溶质含量与凝固初始点的成分同步变化，溶质含量和溶质分凝系数随凝固过程的进行不断增加；在热力学计算出合金分凝系数的基础上，简单Scheil方程可以计算初生相含量，从不同溶质得到的计算结果是自洽的，并与相图计算耦合Scheil模型的预测值一致；实验测定了不同成分铝合金的共晶含量和枝晶间距，实验数据与模型结果基本一致。

This means that the solute concentration of urine is equal to the solute concentration of the body fluids.

这意味着，尿的溶质浓度与体液的溶质浓度是相等的。

But also effects of the diffusion of solute in liquid and interface curvature as well as the enrichment of solute on supercooling of dendrite tip.

而且考虑了溶质在液相中的扩散、界面曲率和溶质富集对枝晶尖端过冷度的影响。

Solute diffusion controlled solidification model was employed to simulate the columnar to equiaxial transition of TiAl alloy casting. The simulation results show that solute shock wave occurs when the diffusion fields of columnar and equiaxial dendrites meet.

利用溶质扩散控制模型对TiAl合金柱状晶/等轴晶转变过程进行了数值模拟，结果表明，等轴晶在柱状晶前沿形核及生长过程中，当两个扩散场相遇时，观察到成分冲击波，它可能是导致柱状晶停止生长的一个主要原因。

The results of the present research are as follows, The correlation between physico-chemical properties of organic compounds and their competitive power was studied, and it was indicated that organic compounds preferable to form H-bonding with organic matter of sorbents have stronger competitive power; Sorption behaviors of ionizable organic compounds in different species and their competitive power were examined, and the results showed that phenols and carbonxylic acids with benzyl circle have much stronger competitive power in molecular species than in ionized species, because negative charges of anionic forms can depressed their adsorption on the surface of the sediment; in contrast, organic bases such as aniline and p-chloroaniline show weaker competitive power in molecular species than in ionized species, and this is because both species of the organic bases could adsorb strongly onto the sediment; there is a correlation between competitive power of organic pollutants in multi-solute systems and their sorption isotherm nonlinearity in single-solute systems, and organic compounds whose sorption isotherms is linear in single-solute systems hardly have competitive power in multi-solute systems; Competitive sorption effects in more than two-solutes systems was studied, and it was exhibited that mixture of two cosolutes each of which could suppress sorption of nominal solute onto the sediment had synergistically competitive sorption effect on the nominal solute; A method about incorporating sorption/desorption of organic pollutants into river water quality model was developed, and discussion about degree of sorption/desorption effect on model prediction for different organic compounds was made, which will provide theoretical basis and practical processes for setting up more accurate water quality model.

论文主要取得了以下研究成果。(1)有机化合物的吸附竞争能力与其物化性质具有相关性，易与沉积物有机质形成氢键的化合物其竞争能力也比较强；(2)可离子化有机化合物的吸附竞争能力与其存在形态有关。酚类、含苯环的羧酸类化合物，其离子态的吸附竞争能力远小于分子态，其机理为有机酸阴离子所带的负电荷抑制了表面吸附能力，主要发生分配作用；而苯胺类化合物，其离子态和分子态都表现出显著的竞争能力，而且离子态的竞争能力略强于分子态，原因在于有机碱阳离子所带的正电荷促进了其表面吸附能力；有机化合物竞争能力的强弱与其单组分吸附等温线的非线性程度具有一定的相关性，吸附等温线近似为线性的化合物没有或只具有微弱的竞争能力；(3)对目标有机化合物的吸附具有竞争效应的有机化合物混合后，将对目标有机化合物的吸附产生协同竞争效应；(4)以京杭运河为例，率先提出了将有机污染物的吸附／脱附作用及水文水力参数耦合到水质模型中的方法，并讨论了吸附／脱附作用对不同有机污染物预测模型的影响，为建立更准确的水质模型及进行更客观的风险和生态评估提供了参考依据。

An alternative term used for kosmotrope is 'compensatory solute' as they have been found to compensate for the deleterious effects of high salt contents (which destroy the natural hydrogen bonded network of water) in osmotically stressed cells, but again behavior as a kosmotrope in one system does not mean that a solute may behave as a 'compensatory solute' in another or even that it will stabilize the structuring of water in a third.

另类术语，用以kosmotrope是'补偿性溶质'，因为他们已经发现，以弥补因有害影响。高盐含量(破坏自然的氢键网络的水)，在osmotically强调细胞但同样的行为作为kosmotrope在一个系统并不意味着溶质可能像一个'补偿性溶质的另一个甚至认为它会稳定的结构水的三分之一。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。