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The characteristics of pentacene/perylene derivatives based organic solar cells are investigated in this thesis Donor and acceptor layers are pentacene and N N'-dioctyl-3 4 9 10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-2~13C) respectively Twelve organic solar cells with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions were fabricated to study the influence of various alkylic perylene derivatives on the power conversion efficiency Under the sunlight simulator with AM1 5G filter and 100 mW/cm2 the solar cell of pentacene/PTCDI-7C heterojunction with cathode of Ag/Al bilayer has the best performance among the devices with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions In PL spectrum analyses the pentacene/PTCDI-7C film had lower recombination rate than the other pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C films; therefore more excitons could reach the P/N junction and enhance short-circuit current Furthermore the PTCDI-7C film grown on the surface of penatcene was more matched than other PTCDI films analyzed by the PL peak shifts of 10 nm and 45 nm thick PTCDI-2~13C and images of atomic force microscope More lattice match between the films of pentacene and PTCDI resulted in fewer defects in P/N junction and more carries can reach electrodes Accordingly the power conversion efficiency approach 2% was obtained from the solar cell with the active layer of pentacene/PTCDI-7C

本研究探讨以五环素/骈苯衍生物异质接面太阳能电池之特性，利用pentacene作为电子施体有机材料，PTCDI -2C~13C作为电子受体有机材料，制作出异质接面为pentacene/ PTCDI-2C ~13C等12种有机太阳能电池，比较不同碳数的骈苯衍生物对於有机太阳能电池之光电转换效率之影响。在AM1 5G、100 mW/cm2的模拟太阳光下，以pentacene/PTCDI-7C异质接面太阳能电池具有短路电流9 882 mA/cm2、开路电压0 376 V、填充因数0 523及光电转换效率达1 945%，皆比其他pentacene/PTCDI-2C ~13C异质接面太阳能电池来的大。由薄膜分析可知PTCDI-7C在这12种太阳能电池中具有较低的电子电洞复合发光效率，可以让较多激子到达异质接面进行电荷分离，减少电子电洞对复合发光的机率；此外，由光激发萤光光谱之峰值位移配合原子力显微镜表面结构图，可以得知当PTCDI-7C成长在pentacene上时会顺著pentacene的结构成长薄膜，故较无缺陷产生在P/N接面处；而在其他结构下则无此现象产生，致使在pentacene/PTCDI-7C薄膜中的载子有较大的机会可以移动至电极，使光电流提高，进而使光电转换效率提高。

There are the main achievement of the companies〔Have already obtained the patent）: Patent number: ZL********144143,《The solar energy urges the generating equipment three times》, Patent number: ZL********5.7,《Solar energy changes in temperature air conditioning》Patent number: ZL********42645.8, The application patent:《The solar energy encloses and stops up a pile of penetrating type generating equipment》,《The solar energy does not have compressor refrigerator》.

公司的主要成果有：《太阳能冷暖器》专利号：ZL********42645.8；太阳能热陷阱式空调》专利号：ZL********78745.5；《间接式太阳能空调》专利号：ZL********13774.1；《太阳能喷射式制冷器》专利号：ZL********144143；《太阳能三促发电设备》专利号：ZL********5.7；《太阳能发电热水器》专利号：********27949.6等。产品通过国家体系认证及国家家电中心检测认证。公司奉行"以质量为生命，以诚信为法则"不断吸收中外先进技术和宝贵经验，不断开拓创新产品，上门安装跟踪服务。

There are the main achievement of the companies(have already obtained the patent ): patent number: zl2005201144143,《the solar energy urges the generating equipment three times》, patent number: zl00245835.7,《solar energy changes in temperature air conditioning》patent number: zl200410042645.8, the application patent:《the solar energy encloses and stops up a pile of penetrating type generating equipment》,《the solar energy does not

申请专利有：《太阳能围堵叠射式发电设备》、《太阳能无压缩机冰箱》等。公司的主要产品有：双抛面太阳能发电成型设备系列；新型太阳能发电检测系列；数控剪板成型设备系列；数控折弯设备系列；数控冲压设备等。公司奉行"以质量为生命，以诚信为法则"不断吸收中外先进技术和宝贵经验，不断开拓创新产品，为客户量身定做太阳能生产线，上门安装跟踪服务，确保成功。

By manufacturing high-performance solar cells in high-throughput environments and by maintaining the desired characteristics of a solar cell, DayStar is looking at achieving commercial shipments by the fourth quarter of this year. It is targeting its solar cells to packaging companies (also known as module manufacturing companies or Modco's), whose products could be used in applications ranging from 1-kilowatt rooftop systems to 1,000,000-kilowatt solar farms in the desert.

W$rId 通过高产出的环境生产制造高性能的太阳能电池从而维持太阳能电池的理想特性，在今年第四季度日星公司正在寻找一个可以完成其产业化模式的载体，他的目标是找寻一家公司的产品，用日星的太阳能电池作包装，而此产品的电力应用范围在1千瓦到100万千瓦之间的屋顶系统或沙漠农庄

A positive correlation was found between the solar activity and NO3- concentration in recent 1500 years. A long-standing issue of the nature of the solar activity during the Maunder Minimum was solved. An about 36a cycle was found in the solar activity. Low solar activity and weak geomagnetic field were responsible for the 36Cl peak at about 37ka BP. Climate change recorded in this ice core lagged insolation about 4ka during the last glacial maximum, about 1ka during the last deglaciation, and nearly 0ka during the Holocene.δ18O record also suggests that the variation in temperature on the Tibetan Plateau had some similar features to that in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres during the last deglaciation to some extent, which indicate that the tropics maybe play an important role on global climate change.

揭示出近1500a来古里雅冰芯中NO3-浓度变化可以反映太阳活动的强弱变化；回答了长期争议的并直接关系到太阳发电机理论是否正确的Maunder极小期太阳活动特征问题；发现太阳活动可能存在36a左右的周期；证实了37kaBP左右古里雅冰芯记录中宇宙成因同位素36Cl含量峰值的存在，指出这一时期的宇宙成因同位素峰值事件具有全球性，弱的太阳活动和弱的地磁场是这一事件发生的原因所在；揭示出古里雅冰芯记录到的"8.2ka BP事件"，认为这一全球性事件发生的主要原因与弱的热盐环流和弱的太阳活动有关；发现古里雅冰芯记录的末次冰盛期和末次冰消期气候变化均在一定程度上滞后于太阳辐射变化，而全新世气候变化大致与太阳辐射变化同步；发现末次冰消期高原地区气候变化不仅具有北半球气候变化的某些特征，同时还具有南半球气候变化的某些特征，这说明热带地区可能对全球气候存在重要的影响。

Solar thermal technology is one of the lowest cost one among the solar technology, this paper introduces the system design of solar thermal power tower, heliostat technology, master control technology, receiver technology and other key technologies basing on China's First Solar Thermal Power System, especially the curved reflector shaping method, the design of non system error mechanism, program calculation associating with sunlight sensor control technology of the heliostat, and the forced air cooling tech...

太阳能热发电技术是成本最低的太阳能利用技术之一，本文以我国第一座塔式太阳能热发电系统(70kWe)的研发建设为基础，介绍了塔式太阳能热发电的系统技术、定日镜技术、集成控制技术、接收器技术等关键技术的研究，特别是定日镜的曲面镜成型技术、无系统误差的机构设计、程序计算和太阳光传感器联合控制技术，以及接收器的玻璃窗口风冷技术、结构设计技术、蓄热技术等。

The solar cell industry rapidly develops with an annual average growth rate of 30% in order to cope with the energy crisis and the environment pollution·The next task is how to im- prove the conversion efficiency of the solar cell, increase the production scale and decrease the manufacturing cost, which can reduce the cost of electricity generated by solar energy and make it reach the same as that by the normal method·The variety of the solar cell and its manufacturing technique,the bottle neck of the indus...

为了应对能源危机和环境污染，太阳能电池产业以平均年增长率为30%的速度飞速发展。摆在人们面前的课题是如何进一步提高转换效率、扩大生产规模和降低制造成本，使太阳能发电的成本降低到与常规发电相当的水平。介绍了太阳能电池的种类、制造方法、产业瓶颈和发展方向。

"Silex Solar and UNSW are ideal partners for this solar research project, made possible by the vision and leadership of the Australian Solar Institute. Our long-term research collaborations with Australian organizations are central to driving solar innovation," said Dr. Zhengrong Shi, Chairman and CEO of Suntech, a graduate of UNSW, as well as a fellow at the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering.

尚德首席技术官兼新南威尔士大学高级硅光电学和光子学研究中心主任 Stuart Wenham 博士说，尚德公司非常重视太阳能能源研发工作，目前我们在研发方面的投入已经从2008年的1500万美元增加到2900万美元，研发团队拥有约380位太阳能研发领域的工程师和专家，遍布在中国、日本、德国、美国和澳洲等地。

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency is set to launch the first spacecraft that will speed across the solar system using a hybrid solar sail—one propelled partly by solar pressure, partly by traditional solar power.

日本太空探测局正在开始着手发射第一艘太空飞船，飞船将使用太阳能系统的混合太阳能帆板——有太阳能压力驱动的装置，不同于传统的太阳能技术。

For the development of company in China, we established Beijing Headquarter of Terra Solar Global, Inc. in 2009 which is located in Beijing economic and technological development zone. It is a collection scientific research, development, research, sales and installation into a professional institution. And it is relying on the international market resources of China Solar Energy Holdings, LTD (List on Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited) and the technical superiority in the solar energy application fields of the Terra Solar Global, Inc.

为了公司在中国国内的发展，于2009年成立了美国大地太阳能有限公司北京总部，公司位于北京经济技术开发区，集科研开发，研制，销售和安装为一体，业务涵盖太阳能与建筑一体化系统、太阳能发电系统、太阳能道路照明系统、太阳能交通信号系统、太阳能海水淡化系统等一系列太阳能光电应用产品，是太阳能应用全领域的解决方案提供商。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。