查询词典 soils

The strength criterions established already are formulated on the basis of the properties of reconstituted or remoulded soils, which can not reflect the influence of soil structures on the properties of structured soils.

已有的强度准则是建立在重塑土或扰动土的基础上的，它们不能很好的反映结构性土的强度变化规律。

The geotechnical characteristics of structured soils and remoulded soils are distinct in many aspects, without the exception of strength evolution rules.

结构性土的土工特性与重塑土的有很大的区别，强度变化规律方面也不例外。

The following results are got:(1) the analytical equation between the overburden pressure, the pore fluid pressure and the matrix stress is established;(2) the nonlinear relation between the porosity of saturated soils and the pore fluid pressure are obtained, which relates to the initial state and the initial pore pressure of saturated soils;(3) Based on the new principle, the rock shear strength theory and hydraulic fracturing pressure formulation are reacquired, which are much more reasonable than the traditional ones.

第二章讲述的是该有效应力原理的一些工程应用研究，通过该研究，我们取得如下成果：（1）建立了上覆岩层压力、孔隙流体压力、基岩应力之间的解析关系式；（2）推导出了饱和土体孔隙度与孔隙水压之间的非线性关系式，该关系式与多孔介质的初始状态及初始孔隙水压有关；（3）建立了基于多孔介质的岩石剪切强度理论和岩石破裂压力计算公式。

The following results are got:(1) the analytical equation between the overburden pressure, the pore fluid pressure and the matrix stress is established;(2) the nonlinear relation between the porosity of saturated soils and the pore fluid pressure are obtained, which relates to the initial state and the initial pore pressure of saturated soils;(3) Based on the new principle, the rock shear strength theory and hydraulic fracturing pressure formulation are reacquired, which are much more reasonable than the traditional ones.

笔者在第一章中提出，在建立多孔介质的有效应力原理时，必须考虑其细观结构，并解析推导出了基于多孔介质之上的饱和多孔介质有效应力原理。该原理包含了孔隙度φ这一表征多孔介质结构性的重要参数；并体现了孔隙流体与固体骨架对总应力的分担作用，分担比例为φ：（1-φ）。

4 From the center line of the pipe up to 600 mm above the top of the pipe, the backfill shall be deposited in maximum 150 mm layers, each layer being compacted with suitable rampers to 95 percent of maximum density in accordance with ASTM-D1557 for cohesive soils, to 70 percent relative density in accordance with ASTM-D2049 for cohesionless soils.

从管道的中线到管道上部600毫米的高度，回填土应每层为150毫米的厚度，每层回填土应以适当的捣锤压实，根据ASTM-D1557规范，粘土应压实的最大密实度为95%，根据ASTM-D2049规范，非粘土应压实到相对密实度为70%。

For the first time, a screw pile and pile driver system for preventing flood and rushing to deal with an emergency was manufactured. The screw piles of the system is different from screw drills used to sap, and it doesn't push soils out. Analyses, including the screw pile's structural strength analysis and the screw blade's welding analysis, were done by ANSYS, which showed that the screw pile's structural strength is enough and that the distort of the screw blade is small. Testing on the screw pile and pile driver system showed that the system performed stably and could meet the need of preventing flood and rushing to deal with an emergency. A mechanics model of interaction of a screw pile and soil was built, and expressions of torque of screw pile's cylindrical part on the condition of screw pile's crew part being driven into soil fully were gained, then the relation of the torque with screw pitch and out diameter of cylinder, which shows the torque decreases with the screw pitch increasing, and that the torque increases with the out diameter of cylinder increasing, which was according with the experiments of the screw pile's being driven into soils, and thus a screw pile with the best structure was chosen. Experiments of bionic surface showed that, on the condition of certain pressure on the surface, the protruding bionic surface can not reduce adhesion and resistance and that the corrugated bionic surface can reduce adhesion and resistance. An orthogonal experiment of the corrugated bionic surface was done with the factors including the width of protrusion, the space between two protrusions, the trolley's velocity and the vertical surface pressure and with the surface frictional coefficient as the experimental target, and some inclusions were drawn that the best combination of the factors was acquired and that the width of protrusion affected the surface frictional coefficient remarkably.

研制了防汛抢险螺旋桩机系统，提高了沉桩作业效率；利用ANSYS对桩体进行整体结构强度分析以及螺旋叶片的焊接分析，表明桩体结构强度足够，焊接过程中，螺旋叶片的变形小；对整个螺旋桩机系统进行试验，表明该系统性能可靠，工作稳定，作业效率高，能够满足防汛抢险沉桩作业基本需要；建立了螺旋桩桩土作用力学模型，得出螺旋桩沉桩过程中螺旋桩螺旋部分完全进入土体时螺旋桩圆柱部分所受扭矩以及扭矩与防汛抢险螺旋桩的螺旋导程和圆柱外径的关系曲线，表明螺旋桩螺旋部分完全进入土体时螺旋桩圆柱部分所受扭矩随着螺旋导程的增大而减小，随着圆柱外径的增大而增大，这与螺旋桩沉桩试验结论相符合，据此优选出最佳结构的螺旋桩；仿生曲面试验表明，尺寸较小的球冠突起型仿生曲面在一定压力作用下未能起到减粘降阻的作用，而尺寸较大的波纹型仿生曲面相对平板具有一定的减粘降阻作用；以波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度、波纹型仿生曲面两突起之间间距、台车的牵引速度以及叶片表面垂直载荷为因素，以曲面摩擦系数试验指标进行正交试验，寻求出在一定试验条件下最佳因素水平组合；波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度在本试验条件下对曲面摩擦系数影响显著，而其它几个因素对曲面摩擦系数影响均不显著；通过波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度和台车牵引速度的单因素试验，表明曲面摩擦系数随着仿生曲面突起宽度的增大而减小，而随着台车牵引速度的变化基本保持不变，和正交试验结果保持一致。

The selenium contents in soils from Paleozoic Basalt and Red Earth Area of Carbonzte have the highest value. The selenium contents in soils from multi-Yellow-Red Earth, Purple Earth Clastic Yellow-Red earth and metamorphite red soil are lower than average value in China.

在各土壤类别中，玄武岩红壤和碳酸盐岩红壤，硒平均含量最高，而多源黄红壤、紫色土、碎屑岩黄红壤和变质岩赤红壤硒的平均含量均低于全国硒的背景值。

The upland yellow-red soil as case, the automatic classification techniques for soil type and soil organic matter map at county scale (1:50,000) were developed based on knowledge classification rules and expert classified simulator; The relationship between physico-chemical properties of coastal saline soils and their hyperspectral reflectance were studied; The multi-temporal RS data were used to detect the land use in coastal soil region; The spatial variability and sampling strategy for coastal saline soils were researched.

以滨海盐碱土为对象，在国内系统的开展了盐碱土理化特性和地面土壤高光谱之间的关系研究，并利用不同时相遥感资料进行盐碱土地区农业土地利用制图，研究了盐碱土不同剖面土壤空间变异特性和高效采样策略。

Factor analysis indicated that the sources of urea in aerosols were dominated by wind-blown soils in winter and sublime of urea in soils in spring, respectively.

因子分析结果表明气溶胶中尿素的浓度在冬季主要来自土壤尘的贡献，春季则主要与土壤中尿素的升华有关。

It grows on well-drained soils with good aeration and is well adapted to marginal soils with low nutrient content.

它在很好被排泄的土壤增长与好通风和很好适应少量的土壤与低营养含量。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失