查询词典 soft ground

The main environment geological question is: The earth"s crust where the faultage and earthquake are active is unstable; collapse , landslide, mud-rock flow and soil erosion ; The underground karst subsides, seepage question; Basic rock expand, expend and compress soil body, the salt deposit corrode out of shape and groundwater"s corrodent harm; The soft soil question of basin; The soft rock body, cracked rock and the weathering rock are relatively poor stability; High and cold regional highways and railways" frozen soils freeze and melt calamity problem; The around rock of tunnel are unstable because of the coal seam gas, spring water, underground developed area; Project cutting slopes, constructed abandon soil and reservoir, lake"s ecology geological environmental protection issue; Thedangerous shoal of the channel % submerged reef question; The problem of rebuilding channel project and dock etc.; And the problem of unstable ground and groundwater corrosivity during building airport; At the same time, with the international big pathways" implementation and completions of constructions, adjusting the cities and counties" constructions , the crowd occupy changing , the cultivated land distribute changing and the adjustments of structure, will cause local environmental geological issues outstanding; According to multiple statistical analysis , value calculate and integrated appraise result, in the northwest and southwest of Yunnan, the traffic relatively low density, traffic engineering is relatively weak impact on environment, It is the area where a environme

主要的环境地质问题是：活动性断裂、地震带的地壳不稳定；崩塌、滑坡、泥石流及水土流失；地下岩溶塌陷、渗漏问题；基础岩体膨胀、胀缩土体、含盐层侵蚀变形和地下水的腐蚀危害；盆地软土问题；软弱岩体、碎裂、风化岩体稳定性较差；高寒地带公路、铁路建设的冻土冻融灾害问题；煤层瓦斯、涌水、地下采空区等隧道围岩不稳定问题；工程切坡、施工弃土及水库、湖泊生态地质环境保护问题；航道险滩、暗礁问题；渠化工程、码头等库岸再造问题；以及机场建设中的不稳定地基及地下水腐蚀性问题；同时，随着大通道建设的实施和完成，城镇建设的调整、人群居落的变化和耕地分布及结构的调整组合，都可能造成局部环境地质问题的突出等等。经多元统计分析数值计算、综合评价结果，滇西北、滇西南地区交通密度较低，交通工程对环境的影响程度较弱，是环境地质状况好的区域；有主要高原湖泊分布区的，包括昆明、个旧、文山的滇东南区域，环境地质状况较好；大姚、楚雄、篙明及会泽、昭通一镇雄的区域，即滇中北部中生界红层和滇东北岩溶区，环境地质状况中等；而包括保山、德宏、大理、临沧的滇西地区及景东一墨江以东、双柏一石屏一河口以西及东川一寻甸一曲靖地段的滇中一滇东地区，环境地质状况较差。云南国际大通道建设涉及全省区域，如何利用地质环境、实现可持续发展，就必须依赖于国际大通道建设与地质环境之间良性关系的建立。应本着对区域地质环境客观存在的科学认识原则、建设过程中环境效益优先的可持续发展原则、法制性原则、对大通道建设中环境地质的因地制宜及其可防治性原则。并且从组织管理、不同类型大通道、不同环境地质问题类型等方面，提出了对策措施。最后，提出了建立国际大通道建设与环境地质良性关系的宏观建议。

The article introduces and regards cement as the main pharmaceutical of the solidification pharmaceutical, through the purpose-built deep layer mix machinery, mix solidification pharmaceutical and ground soil by force, make the soft soil harden into a treatment method of ground with globality, water and stability and body of a pile of certain intensity.

1深层搅拌法概述深层搅拌法是用于加固饱和软粘土地基的一种方法，它是利用水泥、石灰等材料作为固化剂的主剂，通过特制的深层搅拌机械，在地基深处就地将软土和固化剂强制搅拌，利用固化剂和软土之间所产生的一系列物理化学反应，使软土硬结成具有整体性、水稳定性和

The main research work and its results are: 1Empirical results are analysed for the relations of fault displacement and earthquake magnitude, and difference between permanent ground deformation and maxium dynamic relative displacement on the two sides of fault; 2An analytic method is proposed for resopnse of a buried pipeline due to earthquake fault movement; 3A new shell model with an equivalent boundary and relted finite element analysis method are proposed for estimating response of a buried pipeline under large fault movement; 4By the proposed method, damage performance of water supply steel pipelines with large diameter is simulated to the real cases in Kocaeli Earthquake and Ji-Ji Earthquake, and simulating results show the real failure mode of pipes is revealed; 5Effects of overlying soil and soft/hard interlayers are analyzed on ground rupture mode and degree due to earthquake fault, and some earthquake rupture phenomena in soil layers are theoretically described for the first time; 6Pipeline response characters are discussed for the case of considering effects of soil layers on ground rupture mode; 7Research results and proposed method are applied in seismic analysis of pipline acrossing fault in the Gas Tansportation Project from West to East in China.

主要工作和成果包括：1）分析了不同断层位错形式下地表破裂位错量与震级之间的经验关系，并基于集集地震近断层记录分析了断层两侧永久地面变形和地震动相对位移幅值之间的差别，为合理地考虑地震断层位错地面变形动态影响提供了依据；2）发展了断层位错地面大变形下管线反应分析模型并给出物理概念明确、简单实用的解析分析方法；3）建立了断层位错下埋地管线反应分析的等效边界壳模型有限元方法，方法中引入了以非线性弹簧形式模拟离断层较远处管段影响的等效边界，简化了计算模型并突出了近断层处管体反应；4）利用等效边界壳模型方法，对土耳其地震和集集地震中大口径埋地管线震害进行了模拟，结果表明所提方法可以更清地解释震害所表现的管体破坏特征；5）研究了覆盖土层和软硬夹层的存在对断层位错地面破裂形式和程度的影响，首次从理论上解释了某些地震地表破裂现象；6）探讨了考虑土层对断层位错地面变形影响的管体反应特征；7）本项目成果已在西气东输工程的管道跨断层抗震问题分析中得到了应用。

On the ground of simple compression test, a damage equation which reflect structural strength change with pressure is carried out. And it discriminated from the strain types of common soft soil and structural soft soil.

通过分析计算，明确了先期固结压力和结构强度的概念；提出了结构稳定系数，较为准确地判断出土的结构强度的影响程度，为工程设计提供参考；④基于单向压缩试验，提出了结构强度随压力变化的损伤方程；区分了一般性软土与有结构强度的土的压密类型。

Jump onto the ground before throwing some blankets, pillows, mattresses, coats and other soft goods in order to "soft landing", and then hold the windows, sag body, natural decline, to shorten the height of jumping.

跳前先向地面扔一些棉被、枕头、床垫、大衣等柔软的物品，以便"软着陆"，然后用手扒住窗户，身体下垂，自然下滑，以缩短跳落高度。

Based on practical cases and axial stress test of the long-short pile foundation of the same pile caps in the soft clay area, the deformation character of the long-short pile foundation and whole-long pile foundation under the geological condition which the strength of upperstratum is higher than the understratum when two or more layers are appeared in the soft clay area is analysed. Analysis also shows that both settlement and cost of the long-short pile foundation are less than those of the long pile foundation in this kind of ground.

摘要］通过工程实例和对同一承台下长短桩各断面的轴力量测，研究我国沿海城市具有两个或多个较硬的持力层的软土地区，当上持力层变形模量大于下持力层时，长短桩桩基与长桩桩基的变形性状机理，得出在该类地基中，长短桩桩基的沉降小于长桩桩基，且工程造价更低。

Second, considering the influence of well resistance, smear effect and structure breakage of thick soft clay, the equivalent calculation method is proposed. That is, the partially penetrating sand drain ground is viewed as the double-layered ground, and its consolidation is analyzed with 1-D consolidation theory, through the transformation from 3-D consolidation to 1-D consolidation in the region of sand drain. This can overcome the disadvantage that the excess pore water is discontinuous between the region of sand drain and under-lying soft layer. To the double-layered ground, based on the consolidation mechanism under surcharge, the excess pore water pressure calculation formula is deduced under the condition of multilevel equably loading or unloading, which perfects the consolidation theory.

然后，在充分考虑竖井区井阻、涂抹作用以及土体结构损伤破坏对固结影响的基础上，将未打穿竖井地基合理地转化为双层地基，按一维固结理论计算，克服了传统固结计算方法在竖井处理区与下卧层交界面处存在孔压间断的缺点；在此基础上，从超载预压法的基本原理出发，分析了双层地基超载预压固结、沉降机理，推导了多级等速加、卸载情况下双层地基的固结计算公式，进一步完善了双层地基固结理论。

The relationship between ground settlement and time is studied profoundly on the basis of testing data of ground settlement incurred by shield construction in soft clay area in Shanghai.

根据上海地区软土盾构隧道施工引起地面沉降的历时数据分析，深入研究了沉降与历时之间的关系。

As study's starting with soft soil's characters,the questions about the representations and causes of quality accident, judgement and appraisement on existing building, full use of bearing capacity of ground foundation and reinforcing ways applying to the districts of soft soil are analyzed and discussed herein. The aim is to build a suit of mechanism from 'accident representations -- causes analysis-- existing building appraisement of capacity--ground foundation bearing capacity full use' to 'reinforcing ways choice',so that the pertinence is better when the existing building is reinforced.

本文以软土的特性当作为研究的出发点，对既有建筑物的质量事故表现、质量事故原因、原建筑物的鉴定评估、地基基础承载力的充分利用及适用于软土地区的加固方法进行了分析、探讨，其目的在于建立一套从&事故表现----原因分析----原建筑物性能评估----地基基础承载力的充分利用&，到&选择加固方法&的机制，使得在既有建筑物加固时更具针对性。

After completely adapted to soft ground in Shanghai, it has been brought to usage to the Changjiang delta as well, followed by incessant improvement and serialisation, to accelerate an industrialisation process.

国产盾构&先行号&在完全适应上海软土地层的基础上，也逐步被应用到长江三角洲地区，并促使其不断优化和系列化，加速其产业化进程。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失