查询词典 social sciences

Based on the research of the medical security systems in seventeen typical countries, this dissertation concludes that all systems are composed of the following five models, namely social medical aid, social medical insurance, national health services, market-oriented medical insurance and individual saving medical security. These five models could be further divided into three types, i. e. public benefit type (including social medical aid model and national health services model), insurance type (including social medical insurance model and market oriented medical insurance model) and self-security type (individual saving medical security).

在对17个案例国家和地区医疗保障制度体系分析研究的基础上，本文归纳出了构成各国医疗保障制度体系的最基本的制度单元——五种制度模式，即社会医疗救助制度模式、社会医疗保险制度模式、国家卫生服务保障制度模式、市场医疗保险制度模式、个人储蓄医疗保障制度模式，并将这五种制度模式进一步归并为福利型(社会医疗救助制度模式和国家卫生服务保障制度模式)、保险型(社会医疗保险制度模式和市场医疗保险制度模式)、自保型(个人储蓄医疗保障制度模式)三种体制类型。

First, the rural social security system should be developed in accordance with the national conditions, including economic and social development status quo, people's views and security traditions. Next, the thesis puts forward the guiding thought and general principles for the establishment of the system based on the national conditions, and clearly sets forth the idea of establishing the transitional rural social security system. Then, the thesis makes explanation and analysis respectively on the existing security types, hoping to find the proper components of the rural social security system that is suited to the conditions of the country. At last, the thesis puts forward the objective mode and transitional mode of the establishment of the system at the macro level. The objective mode is the development direction of the transitional mode, and the transitional mode is a necessary stage of the objective mode. Only when establishing the vigorous transitional mode that is suited to the national conditions and achieving development, can the objective mode be possibly realized in the self-evolution of the transitional mode.

首先，我国农村社会保障制度建设应当立足于我国的基本国情，包括经济社会发展现状、人们的观念、保障传统等方面；其次，在基本国情的基础上提出了建立我国农村社会保障制度的指导思想和一般原则，明确提出了建立过渡型农村社会保障制度的构想；而后，本文对农村社会保障现存的几种保障方式一一做出了说明和分析，以期为构建适合我国国情的农村社会保障制度模式找到合适的构成要素；最后，本文从较为宏观的层次提出了我国农村社会保障制度建设的目标模式和过渡模式，目标模式是过渡模式的发展方向，而过渡模式是目标模式建设的必经阶段，只有在建立适合国情具有活力的过渡模式并取得发展的基础上，目标模式才有可能在过渡模式本身的自我升级过程中逐步实现。

Social stratification is longitudinal study to social structure, also important premise to analysis of social relationship and social action.

社会分层是对社会结构的纵向探究，也是解析社会关系与社会行动的重要前提。

The speeding up of the process of urbanization implies that there will be a lot of agricultural population changing into urban population. One necessary requirement is to provide a path to enter the social security system for those who are mainly engaged in non-agricultural industries but live in rural areas. However, due to the non-agricultural populations not participating in the social insurance system, it is hard for them to accumulate the insurance fund. Because of the dual urban and rural social security system, it is difficult for the social insurance to link up.

城市化进程的加快，意味着将有大量的农业人口转化为城市人口，其中的一个必要条件就是为非农化人口(主要从事着非农产业但户口在农村的人口)提供进入城市的社会保障制度通道，但由于有可能转变为市民的非农化人口在农村时没有参加社会保险，使其在城市参加社会保险时保险基金的累积和交费期受到一定制约；由于城乡的二元社会保障制度，使得由于人口流动所产生的社会保险的衔接出现困难。

Based on the results of two telephone surveys, the study finds that Hong Kong people showed varying degrees of dissatisfaction with the three major dimensions of social welfare in Hong Kong: the control of social problems, the fulfillment of social needs, and the maximisation of social opportunities.

本文发现香港市民对社会福利的三个层面-社会问题的控制、社会需要的满足及社会流动机会的保障，均存有不同程度的不满。

Therefore, persons of upward social mobility are more influenced by structural factors and personal social and economic factors; persons of downward social mobility and horizontal social mobility are more influenced by life cycle needs, such as marital change.

因此，上升社会流动者受到结构性因素和个人社会经济地位因素影响最大，而下降社会流动者和水平社会流动者受婚姻状况改变等个人生命周期需求因素的影响最大。

First of all, on behalf of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, may I take this opportunity to congratulate on the opening of the 36th Congress of the International Institute of Sociology.

在全球化趋势日益加强的今天，随着社会经济和科学技术的飞速发展，世界各国、各地区之间的经济联系越来越密切，相互依存度越来越高。

First of all, on behalf of the ChineseAcademy of Social Sciences, may I take this opportunity to congratulate on the opening of the 36th Congress of the International Institute of Sociology.

在全球化趋势日益加强的今天，随着社会经济和科学技术的飞速发展，世界各国、各地区之间的经济联系越来越密切，相互依存度越来越高。

He obtained his Masters in Mass Communication from Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He is also a Special Correspondent for Global Times, China's most influential newspaper in international reporting.

驻印度4年来，他写了200多万字的稿件，对印度的政治、经济、文化、科技、军事等各个领域进行了比较翔实的报道，为国人了解和理解这一遥远的邻居提供了重要参考。

Partial ordered set is an algebraic structure. It is of great practical significance to study the relation between the order and various applied sciences, such as computer science, management science and social science.

偏序集是一个拓代数结构，建立序与计算机科学、管理科学及社会科学中各种不同的应用的联系，其研究具有重要的实际意义。

Nowadays, most of research are to build a transmutative Petri Nets through adding controlling place sets, controlling arc sets and controlling policy to the basic Petri Nets, while the Controlled Petri Nets could be used to argue many controlling theory problems conveniently and to induce many logically and physically supervisory and solve the Event Feedback Controlling Problems and State Feedback Controlling Problem in DEDS supervisory theory.

目前大多数的研究表现为在变形后的受控Petri网基础上，利用各种方法求得各种逻辑型、结构型控制器，解决DEDS监控理论中的事件反馈控制问题与状态反馈控制问题。

On one hand, there are discussions with the works council and union about extension of short time working up to the end of September.

一方面，有讨论，工程理事会和联盟关于延长工作时间短至9月底。