查询词典 smooth curve

In this paper, a region approximation idea that means using a "fat curve" with a width to approximate the offset curve is proposed, and a complete set of algorithms to approximate offset curve using disk Bézier curve are given and implemented. In the algorithms, the optimal and uniform approximate curve of the offset curve as the central curve of the Disk Bézier curve is found by using Remez method, and then the upper optimal and uniform approximation principle is proposed to compute the error radius function of the Disk Bézier curve. Thus, the whole Disk Bézier curve can be obtained. In the end of this paper, the approximate effect of the Disk Bézier curve is not only analyzed and assessed, but also some specific examples are provided.

提出用一条带宽度的"胖曲线"来逼近上述等距曲线的区域逼近思想，并建立与实现了圆域Bézier曲线等距逼近的整套算法，包括应用Remez方法求出等距曲线的最佳一致逼近曲线作为圆域Bézier曲线的中心曲线，提出上控最佳一致逼近的原理求出圆域Bézier曲线的误差半径函数，以及确定整条圆域Bézier曲线，最后还对该圆域Bézier逼近的效果做了分析和考核，并给出了一些具体实例。

This paper establishes cubic spline function, analyzes subsection curve function and curve slope and curvature, at last decides to place the curve especial points which can be obtain easement curve length and other line parameters, such as the ZH point (end of line and beginning of transition curve), the HY point (end of transition curve and beginning of circular curve), the QZ point, the YH point (end of circular curve and beginning of transition curve), the HZ point (end of transition curve and beginning of line).

针对公路平面线形的8种组合类型，其线形元素特征则由最基本的直线、圆曲线、缓和曲线组成的特点，解析三次样条函数模型，得分段曲线函数、曲线斜率、曲率，从而确定曲线特征点（直缓ZH点、缓圆HY点、曲中QZ点、圆缓YH点、缓直HZ点）位置，进而得到曲线缓和曲线长度及其他线形参数。

By the detail discussion onthe hardware of the smooth path control system of single-chip microcomputer developed and the system software including new type continuous smooth path software, the analyzing of international standard program languageISO andthe attempt to developmental application in the smooth path control systemand experiment have been done, the description of the smooth path of the non-circular curive such as ellipse, hyperbola, parabola and their realignment has been realized by the way directly to input their parameters. The correctnesson the priciple and the method of the continuous smooth path control and the forthright on programing method hayed been proved by the experiment, new way to realize higher accracy continuous smooth path control has been developed.

通过对所研制成功的单片微机平滑轨迹控制系统硬件和包括新型的连续平滑轨迹生成软件在内的系统软件的详细描述，进行了国际通用标准编程语言△ISO标准编码的分析和在平猾轨迹控制系统中扩展应用的尝试和实验，实现了椭圆、抛物线、双曲线等非圆曲线及其组合的直接参数输入的平滑轨迹轮廓描述，并通过实验证明了连续平滑轨迹控制原理及方法的正确性和程序编制的简捷性，为实现高精度连续平滑轨迹控制开辟了一条新的途径。

Finally it analyzes the feasibility that using hydromechanics to analyze traffic flow by contrasting various characters between traffic flow and fluid flow. It analyzes influence of road alignment to basic expressway segment capacity by hydromechanics, and obtains viscous resistance and viscous movement differential equation when the vehicle drives on circular curve segment of expressway. And it infers that viscous resistance is correlated with sideway force coefficient, slope of crown and radius of circular curve. Radius of circular curve, sideway force coefficient and slope of crown are bigger, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on nearside lane of circular curve; but radius of circular curve and sideway force coefficient are bigger, slope of crown is smaller, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on fast lane of circular curve.

最后通过对比交通流与流体流的相似性，运用流体力学分析了道路线形对快速路基本路段通行能力的影响，求出了车辆在曲线路段的粘性阻力，建立了车辆在曲线路段的粘性运动微分方程，并由此推知，粘性阻力与横向力系数、路拱横坡度和圆曲线半径都有关系，当车辆在圆曲线外侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径、横向力系数和路拱横坡度越大，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小；而当车辆在圆曲线内侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径和横向力系数越大，路拱横坡度越小，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小。

Result: Scoliosis was identified in 58 cases with Marfan syndrome (38 males and 20 females), the prevalence rate was 42.03%, male-female sex ratio was 1.18:1, 6 cases were in younger than 10-year-old group. 12 cases were in 11~20-year-old group, 19 cases were in 21~30-year-old group, 11 cases were in 31~40-year-old group, 7 cases were in 41~50-year-old group, 3 cases were in 51~60-year-old group. Mean magnitude of Cobb angle in coronal plane was 26.8°±27.8°, the types of scoliosis curve included thoracic curve (36 cases), thoracolumbar curve (11 cases), lumbar curve (2 cases), double curve (6 cases) and triple curve (3 cases), apex vertebraes were convex to the right side among single curves in 38 cases while 11 cases were convex to the left side. Mean magnitude of kyphosis in sagittal plane was 14.3°±13.2°, 5 patients had thoracic lordosis and 40 patients had hypokyphosis and 12 patients had normal kyphosis.

结果：58例(42.03%)患者合并脊柱侧凸，男38例，女20例，男女患病率比例为1.18：1，其中≤10岁6例，11~20岁12例，21~30岁19例，31~40岁11例，41~50岁7例，51~60岁3例；平均冠状面Cobb角为26.8°±27.8°；胸弯36例，胸腰弯11例，腰弯2例，双弯6例，三弯3例；单弯中顶椎凸向右侧38例，凸向左侧11例；矢状面胸椎后凸平均为14.3°±13.2°，其中胸椎前凸5例，胸椎后凸不足40例，胸椎正常后凸12例，仅1例胸椎后凸45°；11例患者冠状面Cobb角＞40°，平均年龄15.9岁。

From a neutral gray balance curve, the curve Y, m, and the basic coincideut from neutral gray balance curve, the curve Y, m, and C coincideut basic curve the Y, m into a bow-shaped curve.

而从洋性灰不均弧线来看，Y、M弧线根基重分，而从洋性灰不均弧线来看，Y、M弧线根基重分，而C弧线则矮不入Y、M成为一条弓形弧线。

The collector in dynatron of smooth Ou photosensitive or blast off extremely direct receive laden resistor to be able to satisfy lesser laden requirement; to be in of dynatron of smooth Ou photosensitive blast off extremely add dynatron enlarge drive, the push-pull type circuit that through two photoelectricity coupler makes and feedbacking through increasing photosensitive dynatron base, reach stronger laden capacity already, increased the interference rejection capacity of power interface, the outputs power inadequacy weakness that overcame smooth Ou, raise the switch rate of smooth Ou again, overcame the distributinging capacitance as a result of existence of smooth Ou oneself, cause an effect to transmitting speed.

在光耦光敏三极管的集电极或发射极直接接负载电阻即可满足较小的负载要求；在光耦光敏三极管的发射极加三极管放大驱动，通过两只光电耦合器构成的推挽式电路以及通过增加光敏三极管基极正反馈，既达到较强的负载能力，提高了功率接口的抗干扰能力，克服了光耦的输出功率不足的缺点，又提高光耦的开关速度，克服了由于光耦自身存在的分布电容，对传输速度造成影响。

Theorem(Stokes's Theorem) Let be a piecewise smooth oriented curve in three-space, be a piecewise smooth oriented surface with boundary curve .The surface and the curve are related by a right-hand relationship, i.e., if the fingers of the right hand are cupped in the direction of ,then the thumbpoints in the direction of orientation of .,, have continuous first partial derivatives on and ,then

定理 设为分段光滑的空间有向闭曲线，是以为边界的分片光滑的有向曲面，的正向与的侧符合右手规则(即如果右手大拇指表示曲面的方向，则弯曲四指表示曲线的方向)，函数，，在曲面上具有一阶连续偏导数，则有下述公式成立

Secondly, it is not the same fractal diagram by the same codes of IFS to produce fractal diagram. The two graphs are extraordinary similar, but they are different in detail. The problem is researched and the algorithm which calculates the intersection points of two graphs created by the same coefficient of the IFS is proposed. The curve described changing of the intersection points number is drawn. The conclusion is that the curve fluctuates in the tiny range and is smooth when it is seen as a whole. In fact, the curve is a fractal curve.

其次，针对同一IFS迭代码两次迭代绘制得到的分形图并非完全相同这一问题展开研究，提出了IFS分形覆盖相交交点变化曲线的概念，给出了覆盖相交交点变化曲线的绘制算法，在此基础上进一步研究了分形覆盖相交交点变化曲线的变化率情况，得到了分形覆盖相交交点变化曲线宏观上比较光滑，但实际上小范围内异常波动的实验结果。

First, a smooth curve is obtained from the data by curve fitting with the method of non-linear least squares fit. Then the tangent vector and the radius of curvature of each point on the curve can be calculated for the error evaluation. With the fitted curve, the focusing state of the aspheric lens can be obtained by the method of ray tracing.

主要过程为首先采用非线性最小二乘拟合的方法进行曲线拟合，并计算出曲线上各点的切矢量和曲率半径，分析它们的误差，最后对拟合后的曲线用光线追迹的方法得到非球面镜的聚焦情况。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？