查询词典 single phase

The fracture mechanism of TWIP steel (steel1#) which contains second-phase is: micro-voids nucleate due to binding force weaken between austenite and second-phase or second-phase dehiscence itself caused by strain-hardening. Micro-voids are formation, growth, coalescence and break by the stress concentration during deformation.

含有第二相的TWIP钢（如1＃钢）的断裂机制为：第二相和奥氏体相界面聚合力的减弱或第二相本身加工硬化导致的开裂促使微孔形核，形变过程中产生的应力集中使微孔长大、聚合直至发生断裂。

In the first part, it was investigated the interaction between Pb2+ and La4Ti9O24 ceramic bulk. The result shows that a significant Pb2+ diffusion into La4Ti9O24 ceramic bulk and a significant crystallization of the La2/3TiO3-type phase is clearly observed in the Pb2+ diffusion layer. The reacted zone consists of the La2/3TiO3-type phase exhibits the linear dependence of the square of the thickness, x, on the heat-treated time, t, in excellent agreement with the parabolic law x2 = kt, where k is the growth rate coefficient. The kinetic study thus indicates that the Pb2+/La4Ti9O24 interaction strictly obeys the theory of the reactive diffusion. Furthermore, the experimental k values were used to determine the associated activation energy, Ea, for the formation of La2/3TiO3-type phase using the Arrhenius plot and the following least-square equation, ln =-Ea/RT + A, where T is the annealing temperature, R is the universal gas constant, and A is a constant, resulting in Ea ~ 607 ?b 60 kJ/mol.

首先， 以巨观的方式观察PbO与La4Ti9O24陶瓷体介面的反应现象；利用X-ray绕射分析以及扫描式电子显微镜来观察不同的热处理温度以及不同的持温时间所制作的样品，研究结果发现， Pb2+离子会渗入到La4Ti9O24陶瓷内，同时在Pb2+离子所渗入的区域内会产生新的La2/3TiO3-type钙钛矿斜方晶相；藉由量测不同温度与时间之样品，其因Pb2+离子渗入而产生之La2/3TiO3-type相层厚度之关系，符合反应式扩散机制中 x2 = kt 之关系式(其中 x：扩散层厚度； k：反应速率常数； t：反应时间)；进一步将不同实验条件所得到之反应速率常数值代入Arrhenius方程式ln (k =-Ea/RT + A ，其中Ea：活化能； T：绝对温度； R：气体反应常数； A：常数，可以求得Pb2+离子与La4Ti9O24陶瓷发生反应式扩散所需之活化能为607 ± 60 kJ/mol。

VOCs existing formats are non aqueous phase liquids,interface phase and vaporous phase.

在非饱和带土壤中，非水相液体、界面相和气相VOCs为主要存在形式。

Two mathematical models have been deduced in the case of dense-phase and light-phase conveying respectively. Combining the capacitance phase concentration sensor designed and the traditional Venturi flow meter, the powder velocity and instantaneous mass flowrate are obtained by measuring concentration and differential pressure signal.

本文最后提出了一种差压—浓度法测量气/固两相流瞬时质量流量的新方法，分别建立了稀相和浓相输送情况下的粉料速度和流量测量的数学模型，即将所研制的电容式相浓度传感器与传统的文丘里流量计相结合，通过测量浓度信号及差压信号，求得粉料的传送速度及其瞬时质量流量。

For vortex-liquid phase,the E-J relation could be described according to the Kim-Anderson model:U=U0(1-J/JC).While for vortex-glass phase,the electric field decays verydramatically with decreasing current density,so it is difficult to be observed with theinstrument has limited precision.In the intermediate current region,the E-Jrelations of the both phases could be fitted in terms of a phenomenological model:U=(U0/μ)[μ-1],it was concluded that the sign of μ-value changes fromnegative to positive when the temperature decreases lower than the glass-transitiontemperature Tg,meanwhile,the activation energy U enhances dramatically.Whilein the large current region,Zeldov's logarithmic model was suitable for fitthing theE-J curves of the both phase.Moreover,there was no abrupt change of U or thecharacteristic current density IC.However,the effective radius of vortex line variesremarkably around Tg.

对于涡旋液体相，小电流区的E-J关系可以用计及反跳的Kim-Anderson模型U＝U0(1-J/JC)来描述，而对于涡旋玻璃相，小电流区的电场随电流密度减小而迅速衰减，以致很快脱离了实验测量精度的范围；在中等电流区，两相的E-J关系可以用共同的唯象过渡模型U＝(U0/μ)[μ-1]来拟合，得到在玻璃转变温度Tg两侧μ值由正到负的变化，同时激活能U在Tg以下迅速升高；在较高电流区，两相的E-J关系可以很好的用Zeldov对数模型来描述，拟合结果表明U在Tg两侧的趋势没有明显变化，但是涡旋线的有效半径发生了显著变化。

To realize automatic measuring of this method and improve it's precision, in this thesis the liquid crystal cell is used as a phase-shifter for the traditional DSSPI successfully. The phase-shifting DSSPI system is designed based on the liquid crystal phase-shifter and Wollaston prism.

为了进一步实现该方法的自动化检测，提高测试精度，在本论文中，成功的把液晶体做相移器应用于传统的数字错位散斑干涉计量，设计了基于液晶相移器和渥拉斯顿棱镜的数字错位散斑干涉系统。

Tetragonal phase ZrO2 nano-powders containing 3%Y2O3 was prepared via the coupling route of water-oil emulsion with methyl oxalate homogenous precipitation, in which xylol was used as the oil phase, span-80 as the surfactant, and an aqueous solution containing zirconium as the water phase.

摘 要：采用二甲苯为油相， span-80为表面活性剂， Zr(NO3)4(3Y)的水溶液为水相的W/O 乳浊液和草酸二甲酯均匀沉淀结合法制备四方相ZrO2(3Y)纳米粉。

Tetragonal phase ZrO2 nano-powders containing 3% Y2O3 were prepared via the coupling route of W/O emulsion with urea homogenous precipitation, in which xylol was used as the oil phase, span80 as the surfactant, and an aqueous solution containing zirconium as the water phase.

摘 要：以二甲苯为油相，span80为表面活性剂，Zr(NO3)4(3Y)水溶液为水相的W/O 乳浊液，采用尿素均匀沉淀结合法制备四方相ZrO2(3Y)纳米粉。

The recoveries for 2,3-BD and acetoin were 91%and 92%,respectively.Aqueous two-phase extraction of 2,3-BD from real fermentation broth,the removal ratio of cells was above 99%,and the soluble proteins were about 85%in the top phase,which resulted in easy recovery of 2,3-BD from the top phase by vaporization because a viscous slurry was not formed by glucose,cells and soluble proteins at high temperature as in traditional separation methods.In addition,the cells recovered from the fermentation broth could be used as inoculum for further fermentation.

结果表明，目标产物2，3-丁二醇和乙偶姻主要富集在上相中，而葡萄糖主要富集在下相中；当异丙醇和硫酸铵的质量浓度分别是34%和20%时，2，3-丁二醇和乙偶姻的分配系数分别为8.29和8.98，回收率分别达到91%和92%；采用该条件对发酵液直接进行萃取，细胞的去除率在99%以上，可溶性蛋白去除率可达85%。

Therefore,K. pneumoniae CICC 10011 is a potential strain for 2,3-BD production.Thirdly,a novel aqueous two-phase system for the recovery of 2,3-BD from fermentation broth was developed employing isopropanol/(NH_4)_2SO_4 system.The results showed that most of target products(2,3-BD and acetoin) can be partitioned efficiently into the top phase,while most of glucose can be partitioned into the bottom phase.

通过对批式流加发酵过程中两株克雷伯氏菌代谢流量的分析表明，K.pneumoniaeCICC 10011代谢产生的各种有机酸和乙醇浓度均明显低于K.pneumoniae DSM 2026，而目标产物浓度以及产物转化率却相对较高，是发酵2，3-丁二醇的优良菌株。

"Please accept this talisman as a token of our thanks."

请收下这个护身符以表达我们的感谢。

If I have that magic, I will be more acceptable in the society.

如果我拥有那种魔法，我将更加被这个社会所容纳。