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Was researched. The work module of rudder was discussed and studied by simulation in side jet and aerodynamic compound control manner, the effect on guidance accuracy by control cycle of attitude control engine and action cycle of control loop was simulated.

重点对采用燃气动力／气动力复合控制方式中舵系统的工作模式进行了探讨及仿真研究，对姿控发动机控制周期及控制回路工作周期对制导精度的影响进行了初步仿真研究。

Computer simulation results show that higher control precision can be achieved by using intelligent integral action, and its relative error is reduced one order of magnitude compared with TM5; using the improvement on target bits allocation, the average decoding PSNR can be increased visibly, and the decoded picture quality can also be improved as scene changes.

模拟实验结果表明：采用智能积分作用能达到很高的控制精度，与TM5相比，相对误差降低了约一个数量级；采用目标编码量的优化分配策略，峰值信噪比有明显提高，而且能改善由于场景切换所带来的对图象解码质量的影响。

Simulation results show that it can achieve high control precision by using intelligent integral action, its relative error is reduced one order of magnitude compared with TM5; using the improvement on target bits allocation, the average decoding PSNR is increased visibly, and the decoded picture quality is improved when scene changes.

模拟实验结果表明：采用智能积分作用能达到很高的控制精度，与TM5相比，相对误差降低了约一个数量级；采用目标编码量的改进分配策略，平均峰值信噪比有明显提高，而且也能改善由于场景切换所带来的对图象解码质量的影响

Pole-placement and Inner model tuning methods are discussed finally;(2) For the linear derivative action, several different tracker-differentiators are presented to improve the quality of the derivative signals;(3) A neural network tuning method is given for the nonlinear PID controller which includes the above tracker-differentiator;(4) For the linear integral action, a nonlinear pre-phase integrator is studied in order to decrease the phase delay problem; Simulation results show that the nonlinear PID controller including the pre-phase integrator posseses better performance in both fast and stable property, and strong ability of anti-disturbance;(5) A simple optimal criteria is introduced to optimize the parameters of the nonlinear PID controller based on the pre-phase integrator.

仿真研究表明，由此形成的非线性复合积分PID控制系统，具有快速而平稳的过渡过程和超强的干扰抑制能力；(5)采用物理意义简单明确的目标函数的优化设计方法，对上述非线性PID控制器进行参数整定，达到了满意控制典型工业过程的目的。通过对直线电机伺服系统的仿真研究，表明该种非线性控制器具有同时跟踪多个目标的优越性能。

The results of numerical simulation can guide the production and practice of the activated

本文的工作对水力旋流器的设计和选用有一定的参考价值。

The detail functions of simulation in integrated air defense were described with UML active diagram based on flow chart.

并利用基于流程图和数据流图的UML活动图表述综合防空仿真的功能细节。

The simulation results show that t he designed estimating method not only has better estimating accuracy, but also has strong adaptability to the actu al conditions.

仿真结果证明该方法不但具有较高的估计精度，而且其算法也是递推算法，可以满足实际应用的实时性要求。

Data Structure Design and Actualization of GIS-based Micr-Simulation System of Road Network.

基于GIS的微观仿真路网数据结构设计和实现。

Simulation is programmed by man in order to actuate the representation of the objects.

模拟是由人编制程序以实现被模拟事物的表象。

The simulation and experimental analysis of actuation system based on spring load proves the feasibility of new method.

以弹性负载为对象的作动系统仿真及实验分析验证了设计方法的可行性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。