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This paper simulates how the additional flutter signal impacts on oil pressure and actuator output when the dead zone is kept. The proper principle of flutter signal for jam diagnosis is given. Based on the given flutter signal, different jams caused by jam of the EH servo valve under different operating condition are simulated and the output of the oil pressure and actuator are presented. Meanwhile, waving threshold of the oil pressure for jam diagnosis is given. The simulations and analysis prove that the jam fault identification of the EH servo valve based on flutter signal is feasible.

在应用附加振颤信号防止和识别卡涩故障的前提下，确定了振颤信号的选取原则，并采用仿真的方法深入探讨了3种变工况条件下不同卡涩程度对电液转换器油压和油动机输出的影响，提出了油压阈值的卡涩判断标准，论证了基于振颤信号幅值与频率响应监测电液转换器卡涩故障诊断方法的可行性。

At first the Digital frequency shifting repeater transforms the original signal to the 70MHz IF signal in the donor, then the Frequency shift relay digital processing unit Digital Spread Spectrum the IF signal and through the 5.8GHZ signal to transmit to the remote end.

数字移频直放站首先在近端机内将将信源信号转换为数字70MHZ中频信号，通过&移频中继数字处理单元&将中频信号数字扩频后通过5.8GHZ的信号传送到远端。

The 5mV of the audio signal which comes from the microphone to linear amplificated by the audio signals amplifier,then mixes with music signals from other sound sources(eg:the tape 、CD) by the hybird amplifier . By the control of the digital volume controller the mixed signal ,then amplificated again by the preamplifier,when integrated power amplifier for idling time realizes the signal enlargement factor respectively is 10、100、1000 times;moreover is capable of delivering 3V of output to a 600%26Omega; load. the amplificate signal makes the loudhailer work at last.

该音频信号放大器能够将来自话筒5mV的音频信号进行线性放大，然后和来自其他音源的音乐信号通过混合放大器来混合，混合后的信号经数字音量控制器对高低频的增益进行提升与衰减，再通过前置放大器放大，当集成功率放大器为空载的时候实现信号的放大倍数分别为10、100、1000倍；另外再实现当负载为600%26Omega；的时候，输出幅度为3V，最后经扬声器发出悦耳的声音。

The emphasis in this composition is windshear signal processing technology. Some processing methods are introduced in detail, they are suppressing clutter,extracting windshear parameters,computing hazard factor and etc..The signal processing simulation is accomplished on computer, it includes simulating microburst echo signal,simulating ground clutter echo signal,filtering clutter,estimating wind speed and calculating hazard factor.

本文重点研讨了风切变信号处理技术，对杂波抑制技术、风切变特征参数提取技术及危险因子计算方法等内容进行了深入的研究，并进行了计算机模拟，包括微下击暴流回波信号模拟、地杂波回波信号模拟、杂波抑制、风速提取和危险因子计算。

The transmitter changes the voltage signal of the sampling resistance into an optic pulse signal by neon tube, and then the optic pulse signal is changed into an electrical pulse signal and transmitted to the receiver by the optical fiber transmission system.

发射电路通过氖管把取样电阻取得的电压信号变为光脉冲信号，光脉冲信号经光纤传输系统转换为电脉冲信号传输到接收电路，接收电路对电脉冲信号进行测量。

It can control the signal light with its internal project; also the user can modify the project by the control panel. And the outstanding point is that the intelligent traffic signal machine has the function of long-distance stakeout and control. Namely the intelligent traffic signal machine can transmit the real time traffic data to the upper computer and display the data on computer. The upper computer can modify and transmit the traffic data to the signal machine, improving the efficiency of the traffic control. The system realizes the function of communication by the TCP/IP protocol, and the capability is very good in reliability and real time.

本信号机能够运行内部的固有方案控制交通信号灯，同时可以通过键盘面板对方案进行修改，其突出特点是具备远程监控功能，即信号机能够实时将路口交通方案信息反馈给监控中心并在主控界面显示出来，监控中心可根据路口实际情况对现行交通方案进行修改，通过以太网下传给路口信号机，改善交通流量控制。

This thesis proposes a novel method of retiming E1 signal of the SDH output and using it as a reference synchronization signal for Trunking Gateway. The proposed retiming method can generate the E1 signal of TG input in comply with the maximum relative time interval error requirement of 52.5ns specified in the PRC-Generation standard. The method successfully reduces the E1 signal error level to a smaller margin of 300ns than that of the PRC-output standard.

本论文提出将同步数位阶层输出E1信号做时序重整，做为中继闸道器的做参考同步信号；这样可使输入中继闸道器的E1信号在最大相对时间间隔误差达到主参考时钟产生的52.5奈秒标准；更能让中继闸道器输出的E1信号，由超出同步数位阶层自由振荡4.6微秒，改善到低於主参考时钟输出的300奈秒标准。

In comparison with the current version, in which the signal-to-noise ratio accuracy of the noisy signal produced is heavily influenced by 'clean' signal itself, the proposed approach has removed this unfavorable impact by choosing another factor to rescale the signal.

在目前广泛使用的加噪信号方法中，产生的信噪比精度受无噪信号的影响很大，与之相比，新方法通过选择新的因子对信号进行归一化，剔除了无噪信号对产生的加噪信号的信噪比影响。

Firstly, after analysis the modules and models that constitute ATE platform, a signal modeling method based on Object-Oriented Analysis is introduced, and some signals' model structures and operations are described. To embody the test requirement in the resource configuration, the complicated signal's generation process is analyzed from the relations between instruments and signals, subsequently, a series of recursion expressions are put forward to acquire the signal's origination through the deduce process layer by layer. Going with the recursions, ATE can get the specifications P and In , which present the cost and orders of the signal generation, and can be used to evaluate its generation complexity.

首先，在分析了构成通用平台ATE各模块环节和功能模型相互关系的基础上，引入了基于面向对象分析方法的信号模型，从语义上描述了一些信号在结构和操作过程中的实现方法；为了将信号的测试需求反映到测试资源的配置过程中，利用OOA中的关键概念，从仪器资源与信号的相互关系着手，分析了由多种仪器生成一种复杂信号的经过，基于此，提出了由一种复杂信号逐层分解，最终获得其生成资源的递推表达关系；通过这样的递推过程，使ATE可以获取生成该信号的成本与次序的指标P和In，这些可以用来考核生成该信号时以资源信息表示的复杂程度。

Thus,locks through the rail switch electricity the contact locks for the signal electricity the magnet coil delivers the electric current,only then the switch location correct only then causes the closed circuit,the signal electricity to lock has the enough electric current,after namely the approval moves the signal handle to cause the semaphore opens,by the signal electricity locks the contact for the rail switch electricity to lock the magnet coil power transmission electric circuit to separate,therefore cannot move the rail switch handle again,soon the rail switch locks in the position.

这样，通过道岔电锁器的接点给信号电锁器的电磁线圈送电流，只有道岔位置正确才使电路接通，信号电锁器有足够电流，即准许扳动信号握柄使信号机开放后，由信号电锁器的接点给道岔电锁器电磁线圈送电的电路被断开，于是再不能扳动道岔握柄，即将道岔锁在规定位置上。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。