查询词典 side effect

To make a comprehensive view of metapopulation researches, we folly analyze and summarize the present concepts, theories and models of metapopulation in this paper, which primarily includes the dynamical models and simulation approaches of single and competitive metapopulations. Based on the Levin's patch occupant model, the center framework of metapopulation researches, primary principles and mechanisms are discussed. First, Levins rule: the fraction of empty patch will remain constant with habitat destruction as long as metapopulation survives. This rule implies that empty patches have determinant effects on persistence and conservation. Second. Allee effect of metapopulation is incurred by establishing difficulties and dispersal costs, which is important to the studies of reserve area and the minimum available metapopulation size. Third, we analyze the rescue effect that immigrants can reduce the extinction risk of the presented local population. Rescue effect can leads to the improvement of metapopulation sustainability and the decrease of fraction of empty patches. Fourth, the coexistence mechanism of two competing metapopulation is discussed, which suggests that competition-colonization trade off may be prevalent in competing systems. Finally, extinction debt ob tamed from coexistence mechanism is given, which depicts the lost of species richness in the future for the current habitat destruction. After theoretical discussion, we present two popular simulated approaches in metapopulations: probability transition model and stochastic process model.

为了能总观集合种群进展的全局并开展进一步的工作，首先对集合种群的已有概念、理论和模型做了全面的分析和总结；其次对集合种群的发展和概念进行了探讨，以集合种群模型的中心框架：Levins的斑块占据模型为基础，展开对其它原理、效应和机制的探讨；主要包括了Levins原理，即当生境进到破坏时，空斑块比例在集合种群灭绝前保持不变，然后还分析了Allee效应（集合种群的Allee效应主要是由于建群困难和扩散损失造成的）；第三，分析了援救效应：迁人个体可以降低斑块中现有局域种群的灭绝风险，援救效应会增强集合种群的生存力，使空斑块比例下降第四，探讨了两竞争集合种群的共存机制，即竞争－侵占妥协，其共存机制为空间生境中物种共存提供了有力的理论解释。

Planck's Theory of Blackbody Radiation, The Photoelectric Effect, The Compton Effect, Matter Waves, Different Models of the Atom, Schrodinger's Theory of Quantum Mechanics, Time Independent Schrodinger Equations for Simple Examples, Time Independent Schrodinger Equations for Hydrogen Atom, The Stern-Gerlach Experiment, The Spin-Orbit Interaction, The Zeeman Effect, Multielectron Atoms, Molecules.

量子物理( S0312)(3，3)普朗克的黑体辐射理论，光电效应，康普吞效应，物质波，原子的各种模型，薛丁格的量子力学理论，薛丁格方程式-简单例题，薛丁格方程式-氢原子，斯特恩和格拉赫实验，自旋和轨道交互作用，塞曼效应，多电子的原子，分子。

To find out if we can maximize the effect of illusion by manipulating the figural factors of mosaic, we designed a series of experiments to examine how these factors affect these two illusions. The results show all factors have no significant effect on the magnitude of Craik-O'brien-Cornsweet illusion. And there are 3 factors, scale of tesserae, width and hue of grout, that have significant effect on neon color spread illusion.

经过初步的资料收集以及分析以后，选定Craik-O'brien-Cornsweet illusion以及neon color spread illusion这两种错视作为研究对象，并分别设计了一系列这两种错视在马赛克形式下的错视效果实验，藉此了解是否能够透过操作马赛克型式的基本要素以达到最强烈的错视效果。

Our result shows that these two kinds of selenates both have stronglethal effect on Rana nigromaculata. In addition, there is a dose-effect relationship betweenthe chemicals and their toxicity effect.

结果显示，两种硒盐对黑斑蛙具有较强的致死作用，并呈现一定的剂量-效应关系。

The effect of the amount of solvent was not distinct. In the molybdenum blue- di-n-octyltin oxide system, besides the effect of the amount of catalyst, oxidant, phase transfer, solvent and the reaction time, the effect of reaction temperature on the synthetic reaction of styrene oxide was researched.

在钼蓝-氧化三丁锡体催化系中，除研究了溶剂用量、催化剂用量、氧化剂用量、相转移剂用量以及反应时间对氧化苯乙烯收率的影响外，还研究了反应温度对催化氧化苯乙烯反应的影响。

When the swirl variable device is part-opened, because swirl has some effect on the second injection, second injection timing has distinctly effect on fuel consumption, and the fuel consumption change fluctuantly with twice injection timing. When the tumble variable device is adopted, second injection timing also has effect on fuel consumption, but there is only one point that the fuel consumption is lowest. When the load is bigger, the second injection point where the fuel consumption is lowest is earlier than the smaller load.

在可变涡流结构中，当阀片处于非全开状态时，由于涡流运动对二次喷油的作用，二次喷油正时对发动机的比油耗存在明显影响，发动机比油耗随喷油正时改变呈较明显的波动状；在可变滚流结构中，二次喷油正时对发动机比油耗同样存在影响，但最低油耗点只有一个，当负荷较大时，最低比油耗所对应的喷油正时要更早一些。

In the dissertation, a new stabilization method, equal-density method was adopted to prepare modified asphalts with storage stability at high temperature. In this method, a compound was prepared by premixing polymer and filler, and the compound was mixed with asphalt to prepare Polymer-Modified Asphalt by changing the ratio of polymer and filler. The asphalts with good storage stability were formed with the addition of filler, by regulating the density difference between polymer and asphalt. With identifying the effect of composition factor and the technique conditions on mechanical properties of polymer/filler compound and the molecular distribution of the polymer, identifying the effect of composition factor and the technique conditions on the properties and structure of polymer/filler modified asphalt, Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene copolymer, Low Density PolyEthylene, Styrene-Ethylene-Butadiene-Styrene block copolymer modified asphalts with good storage stability and performance were prepared. Rheological method, gel content analysis and swelling measurement were adopted to elucidate the interaction between the polymer and filler. Filler reduced the difference between the polymer and asphalt with the premixing technique, which led to the improvement of the storage stability of the modified asphalts. The thermo-oxidative aging process of base asphalt and PMA were studied and the effect of antioxidant additives on the base asphalt and PMA were analyzed.

本论文采用等密度方法，即预先混合聚合物与填料制备复合物，复合物在沥青中会吸收油份而溶胀，改变填料的用量从而调节聚合物与沥青的密度差异的方法，制备出高温贮存稳定的改性沥青，并研究了工艺条件和配方因素对聚合物/填料复合物力学和聚合物分子量分布的影响，系统考察了工艺条件和配方因素对聚合物/填料改性沥青性能与形态结构的影响，研制出性能优良、高温贮存稳定的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物、氢化SBS、低密度聚乙烯改性沥青，并通过流变学分析方法及凝胶和溶胀测试探讨了聚合物与填料的相互作用，指出经过预混工艺填料改变了聚合物与沥青的密度差异，以此说明聚合物/填料改性沥青高温贮存稳定的原因；研究了基质沥青和聚合物改性沥青热氧老化过程，并分析了抗氧剂对基质沥青及聚合物改性沥青的影响，探讨了抗氧剂提高沥青耐老化性能的原因。

The law having designed two pole pulse, the effect having avoided the polarization effect having effect.

设计了脉冲法，有效的回避了极化效应的影响。

Based on the theory of environment behavior and psychology, considering user"s behavior and psychological need, the investigation scope including 2 representative urban recreation-squares and 3 pleasances, this thesis studied different users, user"s behavior, and usage quantity at different times. The results showed that there are many problems in recreation-squares of Taiyuan city, and region location, space subarea, edge effect and participation effect are main effect factors. On this basis, some optimizing design and strategy are put forward.

本文主要以环境行为学和环境心理学为理论基础，以城市公共空间使用者的行为特点和心理需求为出发点，以太原市为研究范围，通过详细调查太原市具有代表性和典型性的2个广场、3个小游园，对其使用人群、使用者行为活动、不同时间使用者数量等方面进行研究，总结出太原市公共空间中普通存在的问题，提出区位位置、空间场地分区、边界效应、可参与性效应等是影响公共空间的主要因素，并针对发现的问题，提出了改进和优化设计的建议和对策。

Sanqi has good effect of stops bleeding , can obviously reduce hemorrhage and hemoglutination time;Can promote each kind of blood corpuscle fission to grow, increase number,Has the remarkable blood tonic effect;Has obvious curative effect of activate blood and disperses petechia,get rid of petechia and come into being fresh.

三七具有&止血不留瘀，化瘀不傷正&的美名，實為理血要藥。三七具有止血、活血、補血三重功效。三七具有良好的止血功效，能明显缩短出血和凝血时间；具有活血化瘀、去瘀生新的明显疗效；能促进各类血细胞分裂生长、增加数目，具有显著补血功效

You can snipe the second and third union leaders from this position.

您可以鹬第二和第三工会领袖从这一立场出发。

Aiming at the currently shortage of XML streams quality detecting, this paper proposes a new forecasting method of XML streams quality by least squares support vector machines, which is used the method of XML keys' vector matrix as windows, and vector product wavelet transform to multilevel decompose and refactor the XML streams series, that can fulfill real-time checking demand of XML quality, and ensure constraint, consist- ency and integrality. For even more adapting net load, it proposes a control strategy by weight and adaptive adjustment to ensure XML streams quality.

针对当前XML数据流质量检测存在的不足，提出构建XML键的矢量矩阵作为窗口，利用矢量积小波变换多级分解与重构XML数据流，再结合最小二乘支持向量机对XML数据流质量进行预测的一种方法，满足XML数据流质量重构时实时检测的要求，保证XML数据的约束性、一致性与完整性；为了更好的适应网络负载，采取加权与自适应窗口调整等调度策略充分保证XML数据流的质量检测。