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The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

The cytotoxicity of these compounds were valuated by MTT and SRB methods using three cancer cell lines: HL-60, A-549, P-388. Cyclo-shikonin, and cyclo-alkannin have high cytotoxicity against HL-60.The chiral center of side chain has no effect on their activity. 2- 1-(Acetyloxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl -5, 8-dihydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (105) has strong inhibition effect on P-388 cells. 2- 1-(isooctyloxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl -5, 8-dihydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (108) and 2- 1-(2-furoyloxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl -5, 8-dihydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (112) have high inhibition on A-549.Shikonin (1), alkannin (2), and their derivatives have the structural features of a planar chromophores and short side chain. We examined the ability to inhibit the telomerase.

抗肿瘤活性初步筛选测试采用小鼠白血病P-388肿瘤细胞和人肺癌A-549肿瘤细胞进行，结果表明侧链羟基的手性对抗肿瘤活性无明显影响；有数个化合物具有很好的体外抑制活性，特别是化合物2-（1-异辛酰氧基-4-甲基-3-戊烯基）-5，8-二羟基-1，4-萘醌（108）和2-[1-（2-呋喃甲酰氧基）-4-甲基-3-戊烯基]-5，8-二羟基-1，4-萘醌（112）体外显示对人肺癌A-549肿瘤细胞有强效；2-（1-乙酰氧基-4-甲基-3-戊烯基）-5，8-二羟基-1，4-萘醌（105）对小鼠白血病P-388肿瘤细胞有强效；环紫草素和环异紫草素对人白血病HL-60细胞有强烈抑制作用。

At the sametime, to resolve the problem of inferior sense of reality in traditional visual system of automobilism simulator, author added Shader based on Cg Language, and created lifelike water surface effect, multi-resolution texture effect and other special effects, which strengthened screen quality of the whole scene.This automobilism simulator realized simulation experiment on non-level roadbed. On one side, it improved its dynamics model to fit various kinds of roadbeds;and on the other side, it improved its visual simulation system, which could accord with training demands and satisfy requirements of society.

汽车驾驶模拟器新一代实时视景系统所生成的具备虚拟现实特点的交通场景，增强了仿真试验环境的效果，而它所实现的路面几何和物理属性的探测，解决了非水平路面汽车动力学模型的路面输入问题，为实现汽车动力学仿真奠

a cyanotype mi the gua fasten h2 is stop by body, have a strong nti- sour secrete a function.this text elaborateds its toxicity reaction from 8, though has many poison side effect, still don't lose to one safety stronger medicine, clinical with extensive application, want ～only full understanding, attention observation, ability decrease poison side effect reaction of occurrence.

甲氰咪胍系h2受体阻断剂，有强大的抗酸分泌作用。本文从八个方面阐述了其毒性反应，尽管有诸多毒副作用，仍不失为一安全性较强的药物，临床以广泛应用，只要充分了解，注意观察，能减少毒副作用反应的发生。

Clopidogrel has the same effect on NSTE acute coronary syndrome with fewer side effects than Ticlopidine. The side effect included gastrointestinal tract response and exanthem, which had no influence no treatment.

氯吡格雷治疗NSTE急性冠状动脉综合征与噻氯匹定同等有效，而副作用的发生率较噻氯匹定减少，其主要是胃肠道反应和皮疹，但不影响治疗。

In the experiment group, 11.76% of the children had fever,3.64% had signs of rash, and local side effect rate and other side effect rate was 0.44%, 0.33% respectively. There was significant difference in fever rate between experiment group with Shanghai MMR vaccine and control groups with mump vaccine and rubella vaccine.

与对照疫苗比较，仅沪MMR疫苗发热率高于腮腺炎疫苗及风疹疫苗，差异有统计学意义，其他各反应差异均无统计学意义。

Conclusion］The incidence of side-effect of Pituitrin on cardiovascular system is pretty high but fetal side-effect can't be observed.

结论］常用剂量应用垂体后叶素心血管不良反应发生率高，但无严重不良反应。

No any side-effect has been found.Conclusion Interferon can be used in treatment of scleritis and there is no side-effect especially to the scleritis with low score.It can provide a new method to cure scleritis.

干扰素可以用于巩膜炎的治疗，特别是记分较低的巩膜炎的治疗，无副作用，为巩膜炎的治疗开辟了一条新的途径。

It could depress the side effect side effect of berberine Through culture ang detrain the Bifidobactirium that proof berberine ,and take medicine go with berberine .

通过体外培养分离出耐黄连素的双歧杆菌，配合黄连素服用可降低黄连素的副作用。

Result: General rate of side-effect of application ionic-contrast is 5.04%; Generant rate of side-effect of application non-ioni...

合理选择造影剂、严格筛选高危人群和预防性给药以及完备的抢救措施能明显降低造影剂的副反应率和致死率。

The shaping method of noncircular part and the tool holder's radial motion characters in noncircular turning process are discussed in detail in the thesis.

论文详细研究了非圆零件的成型方法和加工过程中刀架的径向运动规律。

I have not really liked him,I do not like his this kind of disposition.

我没有真的喜欢他，我不喜欢他的这种性格。