查询词典 short circuit

The characteristics of pentacene/perylene derivatives based organic solar cells are investigated in this thesis Donor and acceptor layers are pentacene and N N'-dioctyl-3 4 9 10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-2~13C) respectively Twelve organic solar cells with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions were fabricated to study the influence of various alkylic perylene derivatives on the power conversion efficiency Under the sunlight simulator with AM1 5G filter and 100 mW/cm2 the solar cell of pentacene/PTCDI-7C heterojunction with cathode of Ag/Al bilayer has the best performance among the devices with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions In PL spectrum analyses the pentacene/PTCDI-7C film had lower recombination rate than the other pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C films; therefore more excitons could reach the P/N junction and enhance short-circuit current Furthermore the PTCDI-7C film grown on the surface of penatcene was more matched than other PTCDI films analyzed by the PL peak shifts of 10 nm and 45 nm thick PTCDI-2~13C and images of atomic force microscope More lattice match between the films of pentacene and PTCDI resulted in fewer defects in P/N junction and more carries can reach electrodes Accordingly the power conversion efficiency approach 2% was obtained from the solar cell with the active layer of pentacene/PTCDI-7C

本研究探讨以五环素/骈苯衍生物异质接面太阳能电池之特性，利用pentacene作为电子施体有机材料，PTCDI -2C~13C作为电子受体有机材料，制作出异质接面为pentacene/ PTCDI-2C ~13C等12种有机太阳能电池，比较不同碳数的骈苯衍生物对於有机太阳能电池之光电转换效率之影响。在AM1 5G、100 mW/cm2的模拟太阳光下，以pentacene/PTCDI-7C异质接面太阳能电池具有短路电流9 882 mA/cm2、开路电压0 376 V、填充因数0 523及光电转换效率达1 945%，皆比其他pentacene/PTCDI-2C ~13C异质接面太阳能电池来的大。由薄膜分析可知PTCDI-7C在这12种太阳能电池中具有较低的电子电洞复合发光效率，可以让较多激子到达异质接面进行电荷分离，减少电子电洞对复合发光的机率；此外，由光激发萤光光谱之峰值位移配合原子力显微镜表面结构图，可以得知当PTCDI-7C成长在pentacene上时会顺著pentacene的结构成长薄膜，故较无缺陷产生在P/N接面处；而在其他结构下则无此现象产生，致使在pentacene/PTCDI-7C薄膜中的载子有较大的机会可以移动至电极，使光电流提高，进而使光电转换效率提高。

A method to model the operation curve for calculating arbitrary time short circuit current with the model identification method is suggested.

本文提出用模型辨识方法，将计算任意时间短路电流的运算曲线模型化，使原来由人工查曲线的计算方法，全部由计算机计算。

The key POints of the IEC method for calculating the short circuit current and its heat effect of a three-phase current system are described and elucidated specifically by examples.

介绍IEC三相交流系统短路电流计算方法的重点和短路电流热效应计算，并用例题介绍其具体使用情况。

From the burden increased aspect clarify set up the necessity of station, then pass to drew up to set up generalize of transformer substation and line direction to consider, and pass to analysis of carry the data, safety, economic and dependable consider and made sure the 110 kV, 35 kV, 10 kV and station use electricity of lord connect line, then again through burden calculation and power supply scope made sure main number, capacity and model number of the transformer set, also in the meantime make sure the station uses capacity and model number of transformer, end, according to biggest keep on work electric current and short circuit calculating of calculation result, to the high pressure Rong break a machine, insulate a switch, female line, insulate son and wear a wall set tube, electric voltage with each other feeling machine, electric current with each other the feeling machine carried on choose a type, thus completed a 110 kV electricity a part of design.

本文首先根据任务书上所给系统与线路及所有负荷的参数，分析负荷发展趋势。从负荷增长方面阐明了建站的必要性，然后通过对拟建变电站的概括以及出线方向来考虑，并通过对负荷资料的分析，安全，经济及可靠性方面考虑，确定了110kV ，35kV ，10kV 以及站用电的主接线，然后又通过负荷计算及供电范围确定了主变压器台数，容量及型号，同时也确定了站用变压器的容量及型号，最后，根据最大持续工作电流及短路计算的计算结果，对高压熔断器，隔离开关，母线，绝缘子和穿墙套管，电压互感器，电流互感器进行了选型，然后进行配电装置和平面布置的设计以及防雷的设计，从而完成了110kV 电气一次部分的设计。

"Exception : The cheesecloth need not be used during the short-circuit condition of the output loading test ."

"例外：在输出负载的短路测试中，不需要使用棉布。"

A vicious cycle of dollar weakness/commodity strength will eventually short-circuit itself, as higher commodity prices would undermine consumer spending and de-rail economic recovery, but not before potentially running further.

美元恶性下跌、期货价格恶性上涨最终将走至衰竭，因为期货价格上涨将打压消费者支出，让经济复苏偏离正常轨道。

In my opinion,either the surface of commutator has become rough or worn,or the coil have short-circuit.

我想不是的，我认为不是换向器表面变粗糙和磨损了，就是线圈短路了。

Present situation of short circuit current control in Shanghai power grid and countermeasures.

上海电网短路电流控制的现状与对策。

The problems of amorphous alloy distribution transformer, such as the core structure, no load loss, noise, anti-short circuit ability, technical and economic questions, were mainly analyzed.

分析非晶合金配电变压器的铁心结构、空载损耗、噪声、抗短路能力、技术经济性等问题。

According to the connective relationship between crunode and other graphic element,a network topology algorithm for short circuit calculation is obtained,which describes the distribution network topological structure exactly and generates the data nec...

该算法不仅能够准确地描述配电网络拓扑结构，还能生成短路计算所需的数据。在实际系统运行中表明，该算法具有一定的实用价值。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。