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Cˉfuzzy set theory ; C ˉfuzzy set theory ; Zadeh's fuzzy set theory ; Classical set theory2000M SC:03E72

Cˉ模糊集合论； C ˇˉ模糊集合论； Zadeh模糊集合论；经典集合论

Using level-set method, mathematical representation for contimuum structures is proposed by means of the vector of level-set, and the general structure topology optimization can be expressed by a constrained functional minimization problem of a set of level set functions.

其次利用水平集方法将一般拓扑优化问题描述为一组水平集函数的约束泛函极小化问题，应用敏度分析，给出了此泛函极小化数值迭代求解公式，即水平集演化方程。

On this basis from the fuzzy set with the classic set of relations, the application of fuzzy set of the latest set of decomposition theorem, A new fuzzy definition of the fuzzy distance, definition and application of this research is partial order triangular fuzzy numbers fuzzy distance.

在此基础上从模糊集与经典集的关系出发，应用模糊集的截集以及分解定理，提出一种新的模糊集的模糊距离定义，并应用此定义研究具有偏序关系的三角模糊数的模糊距离。

Introduces the Julia set's definiens of Newton iteration function. With the aid of computer and the theory method ,this paper discusses the Newton iteration function's Julia set and Julia set's fractal structure of polynomial f=z 4-1 on complex plane , and also shows the Julia set's graph.

介绍了复平面上Newton迭代函数的Julia集的定义，借助计算机迭代制图及理论方法讨论了复平面上4次复多项式f＝z4－1的Newton迭代函数的Julia集及Julia集的分形结构，给出了其Julia集的分形图形。

Biomass and WUE1 of wheat with R chromosome set is largest in all diploidy material, and that with B chromosome set is least in all diploidy material. Meanwhile, the root growth of wheat with A and B chromosome set is largest, and that with D chromosome set is least in all diploid material.

N、P影响了干旱下玉米叶片的气体交换能力，表现为提高了干旱下玉米叶片的气孔导度和光合速率，且N的作用要大于P的作用；N具有同时降低玉米叶片光合作用的气孔和非气孔限制的作用，而P提高玉米光合则主要是由于降低了干旱下的非气孔限制。

The exact Hausdorff-type measures of its image set and graph set are provided and it is proved that the usual Hausdorff measure functions for its image set and graph set are still correct measure functions.

在一定条件下，通过一些更小的测度函数给出了象集和图集的有限正的Hausdorff型测度。

Firstly, we recall some notions and results about space theory, including Hausdorff space, Hausdorff distance between sets , Baires category about sets and convex set. Secondly, the semi-continuity, closure, compactness of set-valued maps are introduced in set-valued analysis. Finally, essential point, essential set and essential component are introduced.

其中，空间理论及凸集的基本知识介绍了Hausdorff空间、集合间的Hausdorff距离、集合的Baire分类、以及凸集等四个方面；集值分析部分主要介绍单值映射的半连续性以及集值映射的半连续性、闭性和紧性；本质点、本质集和本质连通区部分主要介绍了本质点、本质集和本质连通区等有关概念和性质。

The main achievements of this dissertation are as follows: Let W be a nonsingular matrix. 1. Problem I and Problem II are considered under the matrix set S is as the following: 1 the set of real W-symmetrizable matrices; 2 the set of real W-symmetrizable nonnegative definite matrices; 3 the set of real W-symmetrizable matrices on the linear manifold.

对于问题I和问题II，本文就S是W可对称化矩阵集合、W可对称非负定化矩阵集合以及线性流形上W可对称化矩阵集合等三种情况进行了研究，分别给出了这三种情况下问题I的解存在的充分必要条件，以及解集合的通式表达式，给出了这三种情况下的最佳逼近解，并提供了相应的数值算法和数值实例。

In this paper, searching technology of product information based on knowledge was researched. On the aspect of cognition, we researched the relation between user\'s cognition and designer\'s cognition, explored the knowledge flow in the process of product development, set up a matching model between user\'s knowledge and designer\'s knowledge, brought forward a modeling method based on users\' cognition, and set up a measurable model of product feature; coded and decoded product form element, set up a computer aided product form design system and image evaluating system based on the result of measurement. Accordingly, the product style and product image were systematically discussed, the recognition space of product style and image was constructed, the factors that affect product style and image were put forwards and analyzed, and the relation between product image and form elements was tested by experiments. Furthermore, the product automatic recognition technologies were discussed.And then, with the media of concept model and the kernel of parameter technology, a mathematic model that describing product layout design by constraints and rules was presented. Furthermore, a product design integration system based on imagery thinking including product fonii base system based on imagery thinking, product form design system based on imagery thinking and product form intelligent design system based on space layout were set up, which tested the system and provided a new way for product innovative design.

本文以产品特征描述目标对象——产品，研究一种基于知识的产品信息检索技术，在对产品的认知方面，研究了用户认知和设计师认知之间的关系，研究了产品开发过程中的知识流传递过程，建立了用户知识和设计知识之间的匹配模型，提出了一种基于用户知识的产品建模方法，它不但提取了产品的特征，还建立了产品特征量化模型，从而实现了产品知识的量化描述；对产品造型元素进行分解和编码，利用实验量化结果构造计算机辅助产品形状设计系统和心象评价系统；使用量表分析造型元素的心象尺度，构造输入、输出系统，建立了产品设计知识库咨询系统，可以方便用户和设计师来导入或查询产品设计方案；实现了对产品造型心象的分类知识库系统，便于设计师存储或查询，辅助设计师进行产品创新设计；通过实验量化了产品造型参数和产品心象参数之间的关系，并在此基础上建立了基于心象的产品形状设计系统，为产品空间布局方案智能生成系统奠定基础；在基于知识库的基础上建立了产品空间布局方案智能生成系统，通过更改概念产品造型参数，实现了产品设计方案的智能生成，使系列化的设计工作变得十分方便；将产品的心象运用到实际设计过程中，能够引导流行趋势，创造出产品无形的设计价值。

Set aside what your friends expect, what your parents demand,what your acquaintances require. Set aside the messages its culture sends about howyou should behave. Set aside the old traditional notion of female as nurturer and maleas leader; set aside, too, the new traditional notions of female as superwoman andmale as oppressor.

不要理会朋友的期待、父母之命和熟人的要求；不要理会文化所传递出的你应该如何举止的信息；不要理会女性应养儿育女而男性担当领导的传统旧观念；也不要理会女性应是超人而男性应是压迫者的新的"传统观念"。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。