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The main contents of the paper are following:1、 Based on the engineering of brige steel factory, the techniques for installing measure and monitoring of cranebeam and orbit are studied with the method of reflectorless- equipment-highless;How to set up the centricity of hot-rolling equipment is discussed, what's more, the precision is analyzed;the methods of construction laying-out and prependicularity measuring for large chimney are discussed.2、 The techniques of the short baseline precise inspection applicable for industrial inspection is studied.

本文的主要研究内容如下： 1结合大型钢铁厂工业安装工程，对行车梁及其轨道安装测量与检测技术进行研究，采用了免棱镜无仪器高检测方法；对热轧压延设备中心线的布测方法进行了研究，并对布测精度进行分析；讨论了大型烟囱施工放样及其垂直度检测方法。

In the paper, on the basis of aggregation of previous studies, the development of optical technology and development trends at home and abroad are introduced, the principle of Fresnel lens is summarized. In accordance with its principle, circle equidistant steps Fresnel lens design is described. And on this basis, based on Fresnel design, also based on a continuous upward spiral of the plane curve concept, incidence surface and the backlight is set up to greet Archimedes - Fresnel lens design formula and the Second parabolic type Fresnel lens design formula, and on this basis, the advantages and disadvantages of the three designs is discussed.

本文在充分了解非球面光学技术在国内外的发展状况和趋势的基础上，同时从菲涅尔透镜的光学原理出发，并根据它的工作原理推导了圆环等距菲涅尔透镜的设计步骤，并在此基础上依据菲涅尔的设计思想，同时依据平面曲线的连续又呈螺旋的构思，推导出了迎光面和背光面阿基米德型菲涅尔透镜的设计公式和二次抛物面型菲涅尔透镜的设计公式，并在此基础上讨论了这三种设计各自的优缺点。

The paper consider actual conditions of Hebei , and carefully analyzied the questions in highway investment and financing. Considering of country investment and financing heavy policy environment, it proposes that Hebei should not stay the highway investment and financings " wait for, by, take ", relying on governmental investment simply, but should fully give play to the role of capital market and financial market. In insist of the policy on " interconnected system loan interconnected system return ", attract social fund extensively, form the macroclimate that the society runs the traffic;Consider the highway assets of the whole province as a whole, make the financing scheme , vitalize the assets. Through capital market, take bid way, project jointlies operate, corporatization, shareholding system, try such ways as franchise operation ,etc. boldly in newly-built project. At the same time, devote more efforts to standing in the government"s policy to highway, set up the capital construction of highway development. Turn to capital market management focal point , investment and financing of management from project management, change direction " melt" from " throw ", open up with innovative idea dissolving enter road construction practice really, try some new financing methods boldly , only in this way , could arouse every side"s enthusiasm further , really open up the unexhausted source for the benign development of road construction of Hebei.

本研究报告充分考虑了河北省的实际情况，对河北省公路投融资工作中存在的问题进行了深入、细致的分析，针对目前国家在公路投融资大的政策环境，提出了河北省公路投融资不能停留在"等、靠、要"，单纯依靠政府投资上，而是应该充分发挥资本市场和金融市场的作用；在坚持省交通厅"统贷统还"的政策下，广泛吸引社会资金，形成社会办交通的大气候；将全省的公路资产统筹考虑，制定融资方案，将资产盘活：通过资本市场，采取招投标方式，将有条件的公路项目进行合资合作、公司化、股份制改造，新建项目大胆尝试特许经营等方式：同时加大政府对公路的政策支持力度，建立公路发展基建；将投融资管理的重点，从项目管理转向资本市场管理，从"投"转向"融"，把开拓与创新理念真正溶入公路建设实践，大胆尝试一些新的融资方法，只有这样，才能进一步调动各方积极性，真正为河北省公路建设的良性发展开辟不竭之源。

To solve this problem, based on the concept of graph theory we give a few models and arithmetic designs of virtual backbone in the environment of different application, and propose the corresponding routing mechanism with these virtual backbones. The major achievements are outlined as follows:The state of host's power or the time of host's online plays an important role in keeping stability of a virtual backbone. With a view to this feature, the paper introduces a simple and efficient heuristic algorithm for calculating the virtual backbone by seeking a minimum connected dominating set with maximal weight. The maximality of the weight-based choice of backbone nodes guarantees that the most suitable nodes have been chosen for the role of backbone nodes so that they can properly coordinate all the other nodes and keep stability of the virtual backbone in the network.

为了解决这个问题，本文利用网络图论中的一些理论，在不同的应用环境下给出几种虚拟骨干网的模型、构建及基于稳定性和节能的算法设计，并针对这些骨干网提出相应的分层路由机制，主要研究内容和贡献如下：考虑到主机的功率大小和在线时间长短对虚拟骨干中心的相对稳固性的影响，提出用基于极大权的最小连通支配集模拟虚拟骨干网；并给出其数学模型和相应的启发式算法，确保了性能强的主机担任骨干节点；通过优化规则确保骨干网的极小性，有效地减小了控制分组转发开销；最后进行了仿真验证。

The paper make the sports for all facilities as the main study subjects, it has becoming the future development tendency of urban sports facilities, set about defining the confines of the sports for all facilities, bases on the collection of information and investigations, compares the development condition of public sports facilities in the West and China.

本论文以未来城市体育设施发展的主流——大众体育设施为研究主体，从对城市大众体育设施范围的界定入手，在资料搜集和实地调研的基础上，对国内外大众体育设施发展状况进行了比较。

With the derivation of the importance of the factors and the importance and satisfaction perceived by the exhibitors, the article also draws a scatter diagram to analyze the factors. The paper proposes that Shanghai Everbright Exhibition Center should stress its focus on booth set-up service, exhibit logistic agency services and signage and commentar system.

在得出各指标的推导重要性，并结合参展商直述的重要性及满意度绘制散点图进行分析后，本文提出光大会展中心需重点关注的是展台搭建服务、展览货运代理服务和展馆导向解说系统等三方面的服务。

Through the example of an intersection in Zhuzhou City the paper introduces a channelization method how to make the plane curve of the skew intersection of the urban road, how to set the channelization island and turn lanes so that the capacity at the intersection matches with the capacity of the road sector.

本文通过株洲市的一个交叉口实例，介绍了如何对城市道路斜交路口作平曲线、设导流岛和转弯车道的一种渠化方法，使交叉口的通行能力与路段通行能力相匹

The Paper firstly, discusses the theories of quality management, arranges and analyses the basic philosophy of guaranteeing teaching quality of Master of Education in general. By retrospection the development of the graduate education in the United States, the type and major of Master of Education in the United States are identified, and the main characteristics of the graduate education in the United States are summed up. And these characteristics include: appropriate training objectives, standards of graduate admission which require the capacity for the first, curriculums which are set pragmatically and flexibly, tutors which are selected strictly, different training models, a variety of teaching methods, internal quality assurance system which is standardized and effective, a wide range of external forces of quality control.

论文首先探讨全面质量管理理论，梳理和辨析教育硕士专业学位研究生教学质量保证的基本理念，在追溯美国研究生教育发展历程的基础上，总结美国教育硕士的种类与专业，归纳美国硕士研究生教学质量保证的内外部措施是：制定适切的培养目标；能力为先的研究生录取标准；注重实效灵活的课程的设置；完善的教师管理机制；各具特色的培养模式；丰富多样的教学方法；以学生为中心，发挥学生主体作用；规范有效的内部教学质量管理制度；多元化的外部质量监控力量。

So the article puts forward a series of measures and suggestions that the loan risk should be controlled from loan whereabouts. Secondly, the paper has established a system of credit levels of enterprises' loan and the vague comprehensive evaluation of project risk .By objectively analyzing the risk elements and related links in all aspects, the article has set up a relatively all-round risk elements matrix and raised the relevant construction approach of subordinate angle function according to the state value of risk elements.

第二，本文建立了项目贷款企业信用等级和项目风险的模糊综合评价体系，用层次分析法对风险因素及其相关联系进行定量的分析，构建了比较全面的风险因素判断矩阵，根据风险因素的状态值分别提出了相应的隶属度函数的构造方法，然后对其进行模糊综合评价，对不同的模糊评价模型进行了讨论，为商业银行加强项目贷款贷前风险管理，进行风险识别和评价提供了有效的工具。

In the present paper, the Properties of the symmetric difference of the sets are systematically researched, the essence of the symmetric difference of the several sets is revealed in terms of disjoint resolution of the set, the formula of the measure calculation with respect to the symmetric difference of the several sets is given.

本文深入地对集合的对称差进行讨论，研究了它的性质，通过集合的不交分解揭示了若干个集合的对称差的本质，给出了关于集合的对称差的测度计算公式。徐州师范大学！徐州；221009；中国矿业大学北京校区！北京；100083

I will endeavour to find you some assistance.

我尽力帮你找人帮忙。

At first I only know bruck is the idol of American younglings, afterwards I returned back to Taiwan ,even in Beijing last year ,I saw her poster everywhere, I was so surprised at her charm.

起初我只晓得布鲁克雷德丝是美国少男少女崇拜的偶像，后来回台湾，甚至去年在北京，居然也四处看见她的海报，才惊讶她的魅力之大。