查询词典 set at variance

The measurement system error model analysis is introduced into power system real time network state analysis as an important part for the first time, which can improve on the state estimation quality and provide the capability to monitor the operation of the measurement system; 2. The theory and algorithm of the on-line estimation and update of measurement noise variance based on the relation between the residual variance and noise variance. The statistic properties of the sample variance are discussed and the relation between the estimation precision and sample size under given confidence level is derived; 3. The theory and algorithm of detection and identification of measurement bias are presented, which is based on the relation between residual mean and noise mean. The statistic properties of sample mean are discussed and the relation between estimation precision and sample size is derived; 4. The Givens orthogonal transformation algorithm is selected to be the essential algorithm of state estimation, the fast orthogonal transformation algorithm with damp factor and the algorithm which can handle the zero injection measurements efficiently are presented; 5. The quantity analysis theory of bad data detectivity and identifibility are presented, which describes the relation between the elements in matrix W〓 and bad data amplitude and can provide the theory base for measurement system design and valuation.

一、首次将量测系统误差模型分析做为一个环节引入电力系统实时网络状态分析中，为EMS系统增加了实时监视系统运行、修正量测系统误差模型的新功能，进一步发挥了实时网络状态分析应用软件的潜力；二、首次提出了应用样本方差在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的基本理论，讨论了样本方差的统计性质和概率分布，推导出了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的关系，给出了在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的算法；三、首次提出了应用样本均值在线检测与辨识量测偏差的基本理论，讨论了样本均值的统计性质，推导了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的基本关系，给出了在线检测与辨识量测偏差的算法；四、在状态估计算法设计中，以Givens变换算法做为基本算法，提出了快速正交变换阻尼因子法和可以有效地处理零注入量测的混合法，并对实时应用中的一些问题进行了讨论；五、提出了不良数据可检测性与可辨识性的定量分析理论，揭示了描述量测系统配置、网络结构与参数的残差灵敏度矩阵中的元素与不良数据的幅值在可检测、可辨识能力上的定量关系，为量测系统配置设计与评价提供了理论基础；六、综合国内外最新研究成果，采用自适应自回归预测技术和稀疏矢量技术，构造了较完善的不良数据检测与辨识算法。

Based on the researches of system factors, system characters and the influence of market structure to market behavior, the chapter points out the characteristics and rules of china bond market system variance. On account of the Promoting Effect Government Dominated behavior, compellent system variance runs through the evolution of market structure and act on it. Although derivational system variance also works, it can't be the dominant because of the long variance time and high cost.

根据制度变迁理论研究债券市场结构的制度成因、特点及其对于市场结构和行为的影响，指出中国债券市场制度变迁的特点和规律，由于在中国债券市场的发展过程中，政府主导行为具有明显推动效应，强制性制度变迁始终贯穿于市场结构演变的过程中，并对其形成重要作用；诱致性制度变迁虽然也穿插其中，但由于其变迁时间长、成本高等特点，无法形成主导力量。

In each subperiod,the static rank variance and the static density variance of the population are defined,thus the DMOPs is transformed into several bi-objective static optimization problems by using the static rank variance and the static density variance.

然后把动态多目标优化问题近似地转化成了若干个两个目标的静态优化问题。在给出的一种能自动检测环境变化的应答算子下，提出了一种动态多目标进化算法，同时证明了算法的收敛性。

In this article, by exploiting flanking markers through the widely applied half-sib design, we have developed the structures of three variance components, i.e., variance component between marker genotypes, polygenic variance component and recombinant variance component within marker genotypes.

该文在侧翼标记情况下利用广泛使用的半同胞设计提出了3种方差组分，即标记组间方差、组内多基因方差和组内重组方差及其构成。

For an abitrary set X, appropriate order relations on WCL (the set of all weak closure operators), WIN (the set of all weak interior operators), WOU (the set of all weak exterior operators), WB (the set of all weak boundary operators), WD (the set of all weak derived operators), WD*(the set of all weak difference derived operators), WR (the set of all weak remote neighborhood system operators) and WN (the set of all weak neighborhood system operators) can be defined respectively, which make WCL, WIN, WOU, WB, WD, WD*, WR and WN to be complete lattices that are ismorphic to CS(X,CS is the set of all closure systems on X.

证明了可以在WCL(X上的弱闭包算子的全体)、 WIN(X上的弱内部算子的全体)、 WOU (X上的弱外部算子的全体)、 WB (X上的弱边界算子的全体)、WD、 WD*(X上的弱差导算子的全体)、 WR(X上的弱远域系算子的全体)和WN(X上的弱邻域系算子的全体)上定义适当的序关系，使它们成为与CS(X，〖JX-*5[JX*5]同构的完备格其中CS(X是给定集合X上的闭包系统的全体。

The key to feature extraction is to select the optimal feature combination from all the features. In this study, the optimal color feature combination,{/G,(R+4G+B)/6, H variance, S variance}, is selected using genetic neural network at first. Then the main texture features including the mean, variance, energy and entropy of the cooccurrence matrix, the secondary texture features including the maximum frequency number, absolute uniform, inertia and importance of the co-occurrence matrix are extracted.

在此基础上，提出适合多阈值和小目标图像分割的免疫遗传图像分割方法，该方法借鉴了生物免疫系统自调节、抗原识别和记忆功能，并结合了遗传算法对图像进行自适应区域的阈值分割，改善了遗传算法优化复杂问题时存在收敛速度慢和易陷于局部最优的不足，克服了传统阈值分割方法对目标大小的限制，是一种新型的有效的图像分割方法。

NMath Stats contains a data table class with functions for computing descriptive statistics, such as mean, variance, standard deviation, percentile, median, quartiles, geometric mean, harmonic mean, RMS, kurtosis, skewness, and many more; PDF, CDF, inverse CDF, and random variable moments for a variety of probability distributions, including normal, Poisson, chi-square, gamma, beta, Student's t, F, binomial, and negative binomial; Combinatorial functions, such as factorial, log factorial, binomial coefficient, and log binomial; Multiple linear regression; Basic hypothesis tests, such as z-test, t-test, and F-test, with calculation of p-values, critical values, and confidence intervals; One-way and two-way analysis of variance and analysis of variance with repeated measures; Multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis.

nmath统计包含一个数据表的阶层与职能计算描述性统计，如平均，方差，标准差，百分位，中位数， 25 ％，几何平均数，调和的意思是，有效值，峭度，偏度，还有更多的； PDF格式，民防部队，逆民防部队，并随机变量矩的各种概率分布，包括正常，泊松，卡方检定，伽玛，测试版，学生的吨，男，二项式，并负二项分布；组合的功能，例如阶乘，日志阶乘，二项式系数，并登入二项式；多元线性回归；基本假设测试，如的Z测试， t检验， F检验，计算p值，临界值，和置信区间；之一，双向和双方法方差分析和方差分析与反复的措施；多元统计分析，包括主成分分析和聚类分析。

By the look of cost attitude, the cost variance that the cost variance has changed and fixing the cost variance.

从成本性态看，成本差异有变动成本差异和固定成本差异。

A decision-making method based on the capacity loss and cost information is presented. A new variance breakdown method according to the multistage ABC calculating model is provided, and a new variance called cost driver variance is defined.

提出了基于作业的能力模型，给出了单一作业以及整个核算系统的能力损失计算方法，并提出了基于能力损失信息和成本信息的价格决策方法。

The two kinds of system variance have effect to market structure and behavior both and the evolution of bond market structure and behavior may call for them too. Thus, the further conclusion is to drive the derivational system variance by compellent system variance and get the effective development by analyzing the market and structure.

两种制度变迁对债券市场结构和行为产生重要影响，同时债券市场结构和行为的演变也会对其产生新的要求，因此进一步的结论是，在市场需求导向下，通过强制性制度变迁推动诱致性制度变迁的发生，促进债券市场结构和行为的研究，从而实现市场的高效发展。

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。