查询词典 sensor

Recently, CMOS Image Sensor which is solid-state circuit the same as CCD has developed quickly. Because it has a lot of advantages, such as high integrity, low power, simple technics, and short developing cycle that are different from the intrinsic disadvantages of CCD as complicated driving circuit, low data and frame rate, low integrity and high power, CMOS Image Sensor is widely used in industry, surveillance, avigation and spaceflight affairs. The developed countries have used CMOS Image Sensor in the domain of space exploration and navigation such as star trackers and cameras for remote sensing images.

中文摘要近年来快速发展的CMOS图像传感器与CCD一样都属于固态成像器件，但CMOS图像传感器具有高集成、功耗低、工艺简单和开发周期短等优点，克服了CCD器件驱动设计复杂、数据读取效率低、帧频低、集成度低、功耗大的固有缺点，已被广泛应用在工业、监控、航空和航天等众多领域，发达国家已经将CMOS图像传感器应用于星敏感器、遥感成像等空间探测、导航领域。

So far, none of star sensor prototypes has been found equipped with lens hood in native missiles. For improving engineering practicability of star sensor and reducing noise of space scattering lights, designing and selecting of lens hood parameters of star sensor and engineering amelioration of prototype were brought forward, based on design principles and correlative data of foreign missile, which regard lens hood of space star sensor.

迄今为止，国内研制的导弹用星敏感器工程样机未见使用遮光罩的先例，为了提高星敏感器的工程实用性，减少空间杂散光引入的噪声，借鉴空间星敏感器遮光罩的设计原理和国外弹用星敏感器遮光罩的相关资料，提出星敏感器遮光罩的参数设计选择方案，对原理样机进行工程化改进。

Due to the mobile sensor is expensive and moving will consume a lot of energy. We used a small part of mobile sensor and most part of static sensors to meet the demand of k-coverage of three-dimensional network, and we have analysis the ratio of them is 1/(2πk^1/2. To achieve k-coverage, we have received the maximum moving distance for mobile sensor is O(log^1/3 in a network with a size of L . At last, we established a mathematical mobility model for mobile sensors, and converted the sensor redeployment for k-coverage into maximum network flow problem, and proposed a distributed relocation algorithm and verified it through experiment simulation.

考虑移动传感器移动会大量消耗能量，且比较昂贵，使用小部分的移动传感器和大部分静止传感器来满足网络k-覆盖的密度需求，且分析了其密度之比为1/(2πk^1/2；并证明了网络要达到k-覆盖传感器需移动的最大距离为O(log^1/3；建立传感器移动数学模型，将传感器重新部署问题转化为最大网络流问题，提出分布式重新部署算法并实验仿真证明其有效性。

It's pointed out that soft sensor will play more important role in field bus network control system. According to this, a crude solution was addressed. At last, we point out that soft sensor technology must used to build an information warehouse for the whole enterprise, combined with data fusion, data warehouse, data rectification and other related technologies. The main contributions of this dissertation are as follows: The background, requirement, and application situation of soft sensors are expounded, the theories, methods and skills of soft sensing technology are analyzed, and the fruits and problems in current soft sensor technologies are summarized. Some new methods of soft sensor is proposed: A principal component analysis-based secondary variable selection method are proposed; A new conception which modeling data should have gross error detection is addressed, and then a cluster analysis-based modeling data gross error detection method is given.

本文的主要贡献有：对软测量技术根据实践的要求进行了一定的理论研究，针对具体问题提出了新的方法：讨论了辅助变量选择问题，研究了基于主元分析的辅助变量选择方法，该方法克服了传统方法只能利用数学模型产生的仿真数据进行最优辅助变量选择的缺点，可以根据历史数据进行辅助变量选择；提出了建模数据显著误差侦破的概念，指出传统的显著误差侦破研究的是已知过程数学模型的情况，而建模时数学模型是未知的，但是直接来自现场的数据并不能保证不含显著误差，并用基于聚类分析的方法解决了该问题，该方法利用聚类分析原理，直接面对过程数据，不需以过程模型为基础，在此基础上给出了软测量建模过程中样本数据的处理方法。

Research on the theory of structure light sensor Originating from the principles of projective and perspective transformation, for the first time, the models of coordinate transformation between workpiece and camera with arbitrary angle of laser light and camera are presented. The model give some very important rules for the design of structure light sensor, and is very important to the design of structure light sensor, the sensor designed based on the theory above is used in automatic welding.

结构光传感器的理论研究依据透视变换理论给出了光源倾斜照射和摄象机倾斜接收情况下，被检测物体与摄象机之间的一般坐标变换数学模型，该模型揭示出结构光传感器设计时应遵循的一些原则，对结构光传感器的设计具有非常重要的指导意义，基于该模型设计的结构光传感器已在自动焊接实验中获得了成功的应用。

For a dual-sensor application, the maximum loop resistance for each sensor is 20 W. This means there can be no more than 17.5 W on each of the black and red wires (sensors have a black and a red lead) for single-sensor applications, and no more than 10 W on each of the wires for dual-sensor applications.

双传感器的最高阻值为每个传感器是二十瓦特这意味着可以有不超过一十七点五瓦特对每个黑和红色电线（传感器有一个黑色和一个红色的线）为单传感器的应用，和不超过10 W对双传感器的应用。

Retroreflector array is used as pseudo phase conjugator in the system. The fidelity of the conjugate wave and matching problem of the retroreflector array and Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor is discussed. Several data fusion methods are presented in order to having two Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensors control one set of wavefront corrector. The misalignment errors of Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor and arrangement errors of wavefront sensor and deformable mirror are analyzed. At the same time, numerical work based on the data of practically system, such as 61 element AO system, are done corresponding to the problem respectively and the results are given. The system of CP/CM AO is setup to fulfill all the functions. Through the data fusion of two Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensors, the system runs successfully and realizes the close loop. It lays a good foundation for the application of CP/CM AO. Another aspect of this paper is to expand the working band of Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor through Frequency Transfer of Nonlinear Optics.

针对不同的应用环境，提出了四种CP／CM衍生光路；进行了关键器件——角反射器阵列的保真度分析，给出了角反射器阵列作为伪相位共轭器件，与哈特曼—夏克波前传感器的匹配条件，认为角反射器阵列的布局要与哈特曼波前传感器的微透镜阵列布局完全对应，才能达到最优探测效果；提出了四种双哈特曼传感器控制一套波前校正器的数据融合方式，并逐一进行了分析，认为加修正因子斜率融合和电压融合方式在目前工程中是适用的，并进行了相应的数值模拟；给出了哈特曼传感器自身的调整误差分析过程，得到了误差可通过常规标定消除的判断依据；通过数值计算，得到了常规自适应光学系统和CP／CM系统哈特曼传感器和变形镜的对准误差对系统性能的影响，给出了两种系统对于不同对准误差情况下校正效果的变化情况和相应系统容限；以37单元自适应光学系统为基础，搭建了CP／CM自适应光学系统光路，并完成了系列CP／CM功能实现实验，运用双哈特曼传感器数据融合，成功实现了CP／CM自适应光学系统的闭环实验。

The hot water feedway concludes sub control, keyboard circuit, display circuit, control driven circuit, signal amplifier, shaping circuit, A/D translation circuit, current switch S, temperature sensor W1, temperature sensor W2, temperature sensor W3, water-level sensor H1, electric control valve Y1, electric tee control valve Y2, electric control valve Y3, pump M and heater band.

本发明涉及一种电水箱，特别涉及一种不浪费热水管中存留的冷水直接为用户提供热水的电水箱热水直供装置，它包括微控制器、键盘电路、显示电路、控制驱动电路、信号放大、整形电路、A/D转换电路、水流开关S、温度传感器W1、温度传感器W2、温度传感器W3、水位传感器H1、电控阀Y1、三通电控阀Y2、电控阀Y3、水泵M和加热带。

The theftproof monitoring adopts double-inspection detector which is composed of pyroelectric infrared sensor and microwave sensor. And fireproof monitoring adopts temperature sensor and carbon monoxide sensor.

在本监测系统的前端探测器中，盗情监测采用的是热释电红外探测和微波探测，而火情监测则采用温度探测和CO探测。

The main work of this paper: Firstly, Basing on the summarization and analysis of the walking mechanism, Parallel drive five-bar mechanism is applied for walking mechanism. And then the characteristic of the trail and positive kinematics as well as reverse kinematics are discussed. Secondly, the model of walking mechanism is established according to Parallel drive five-bar mechanism, and then a figure planning is designed for the foot-end trail. The characteristics of the parallel drive are emphasized to research in this paragraph by the method of insert value. At last, the simulation is performed in the ADAMS to compare the real result to the theoretical value. Thirdly, a sealed structure of a Quadruped Walking Robot is designed and established. The whole control system, including motor, sensor and control circuit, is sealed in the robot. Walking is derived in the way of the shaft driving and the dynamic torque sensor is used to the surrounding conditions of the robot's foot-end to be the foundation of the robot's control. At last, the applying principle of the dynamic torque sensor is researched in detail basing on the traditional sensor of the walking robot. Moreover, the principle is divided into several sorts to discuss. Finally, simulation and verification of the monitor principle are come through in the Mechanism of the Pro/Engineer.

论文的主要工作有：在对传统步行机构总结分析的基础上，提出将平面并联五杆机构应用于四足步行机器人的腿部结构，并对其轨迹特性、正运动学、逆运动学特性做了详细计算分析；依据平面并联五杆机构的模型，建立机器人步行机构的实体模型，对其足端的轨迹做了图谱规划，并利用插值法对并联驱动端的特性曲线作了研究，并在ADAMS中进行仿真，将结果与理论值相比较；然后设计了一套四足步行机器人密封装配结构设计方案，建立四足步行机器人单足结构、驱动以及传感器监测的三维实体模型，将机器人的整个控制系统，密封装配在步行机器人的机体中，通过轴传动来驱动步行机构实现步行，采用动态扭矩传感器监测步行机构的驱动关节受到的扭矩变化，从而获得四足步行机器人足端的周围情况，为步行机器人的控制方案奠定了基础；论文的最后在分析步行机器人传统控制传感器的基础上，详细分析了动态扭矩传感器的监测原理，并分几种情况分别分析了其监测原理，并在Pro/E的Mechanism模块中实现了监测原理的仿真与验证，最后给出了传感器监测信息与系统判断之间的关系。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。