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In this thesis, a semi-classical model of the force on an atom is used to describe the motion of a two-level atom interacting with a standing wave laser field. The velocity dependent force and momentum diffusion are derived through optical Bloch equations by using the matrix form of the continued fraction technique. By investigating the dynamic properties of atoms in laser field, we can control and manipulate the mechanical motion of an atom.

本文利用半经典理论，从二能级原子在激光驻波场中所满足的运动方程出发，推导出密度矩阵元所满足的递推关系，利用矩阵连分数方法求解出密度矩阵元，从而求出依赖于原子运动速度的光压力与动量扩散系数，通过讨论原子在激光场中的动力学行为，为原子在激光场中被囚禁、形成原子列阵以及可控制的量子态，从而为量子信息处理提供理论基础。

In calculation, the discretization of continuity equation is performed in accordance with semi-implicit Scharfetter-Gummel scheme and the electric field is solved by the current conservation instead of the Poisson's equation, so it saves plenty of time for calculation.

在计算中，对于粒子的连续性方程我们采用Scharferter和Gummel提出的有限差分方法，并用电流守恒方程代替泊松方程来求解电场，从而节省了大量的计算时间。

Furthermore, the first-order optimality condition and its equivalent reformulations for generalized semi-infinite max-min programming with a non-compact set are presented using the lower-Hadamard directional derivative and subdifferential.2. Chapter 3 studies the gradient-type methods for unconstrained optimization problems. Section 1 proposes a new class of three-term memory gradient methods. The global convergence property of the method is established. Furthermore, in order to improve the convergence property of the method, a new class of memory gradient projection methods is presented with the property that the whole sequence of iterates converges to a solution to the problem under the conditions such as pseudo-convexity and continuous differentiability of objective function. In section 2, two new classes of methods, called gradient-type method with perturbations and hybrid projection method with perturbations, are proposed. In these methods, non-monotone line search technique is employed, which makes them easily executed in computer.

第3章研究了无约束优化问题的梯度型算法，第1节提出了一类新的三项记忆梯度算法，讨论了算法的全局收敛性，进一步提出了一类新的具有更好收敛性质的记忆梯度投影算法，并证明了该算法在函数伪凸的情况下具有整体收敛性，第2节在非单调步长搜索下提出了带扰动项的梯度型算法及其混合投影算法，这两类算法的一个重要特征就是步长采用线搜索确定而不象许多文献中那样要求步长趋于零，这样更容易在计算机上实现，在较弱的条件下证明了这些算法的全局收敛性，数值算例表明了算法的有效性。

Take the method of "subarea" and "conjunction" to segment the whole request model to three parts. Making use of boundary continuousness between medium and lining structure at stress and displacement, construct a wave function that can satisfy the stress boundary condition at horizontal surface by the scattering of SH-waves in circular part. And then, availing of the wave function, conjoin the circular part into the semi-circular hollow space at common boundary. The problem can be reduced to solve the question that can only meet the condition of "conjunction". Finally, the solution of the problem can be summarized to a series of algebraic equations and solved numerically by truncating the finite terms of the infinite algebraic equations.

采用"分区"与"契合"的方法，将整个求解区域分割成三部分，利用介质与衬砌结构在边界上的应力、位移的连续性，构造一个可以自动满足水平界面上应力边界条件的圆域对SH波散射的波函数；再利用这一波函数将圆域与半圆形凹陷半空间的"公共边界"进行"契合"，将问题简化成对一个只需满足'契合'边界条件的散射问题的求解；最终归结为对一组无穷代数方程组的求解问题，利用截断有限项的方法对其进行计算。

In order to deeply analyze the distribution of maximum tensile strain during asphalt surface for Semi-rigid base asphalt pavement and compound base asphalt pavement , two types of typical structure were chosen, taking the Shell designing software BISAR 3.0 as calculation tool, considering two kinds interface contact condition of complete continuousness and not incomplete continuousness, then a comprehensive analysis was made on the maximum tensile strain of every structure on the basis different interface contact condition.

摘 要：为深入分析半刚性基层沥青路面和复合式基层沥青路面面层内的最大拉应变的规律，选取两类沥青路面的典型结构，采用壳牌设计软件 BISAR 3.0为计算工具，考虑层间完全连续状态以及不完全连续两种状态，对各结构在不同的层间结合条件下沥青层最大拉应变进行了比较和分析。

This paper proves that every probabilistic contraction map from E to E has a unique fixed point, where E is a complete and uniformly local semi-convex probabilistic normed spacer and obtains a fixed point theorem in metric linear spaces.

摘要证明了完备的一致局部半凸概率赋范空间上的概率压缩映象必有唯一不动点，得到了一类度量线性空间中关于伪范数族一致压缩映象的不动点定理。

Further, it is proved that the semi-implicit Euler method is convergent with order 1/2 in mean square sense for the linear test equation by virtue of properties of the conditional expectation.

在此基础上由条件期望的性质证明了半隐式Euler方法应用于线性试验方程时在均方意义下是l／2阶收敛的。

The method based upon semi-infinite slopes is intended to approximate the prescribed transfer function. In order to minimize the error function, the least square method is adopted. The method of correction with term by term is used to avoid the divergent difficulties in iterative design.

本文提出以折线法来构造网络的逼近函数，并利用最小二乘法和逐项修正法相结合的办法来达到最优逼近，然后依据网络综合的理论，用RC网络的综合步骤来计算出实际元件值。

Cosby explains the practical virtues of semi-automated forces: Let's say you are the captain of a national guard unit.

Cosby是这么说明这种半自动武装力量在实用方面的优点的：比如说，你是国民卫队方面的一个上尉。

Specially applicable for non-polluting mahine and semi-mechanical pulp of rice wheat grass ,cotton stalks ,it can also be used for other high-thickness strking.

特别适用于稻麦草，棉杆等原料的无污染机械，半化学机械制浆，也可用于其他浆料的高浓度打浆。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。