查询词典 scratch the surface

The coefficient V can be named as the dimensionless layer flowing factor, means the ratio of surface coefficients irrespective of production over the total surface coefficients among the maximum surface coefficients under the condition of unideal flow. Obviously, 1-V represents the ratio of the surface coefficients relating with production rate over the total surface coefficients.

系数V可称为无因次层流系数，它表示在所有非理想流动条件下的最大总表皮系数中，与产量无关的表皮系数所占的份额，对应的1-V则是代表与产量有关的表皮系数所占的份额。

The SEM-EDS showed that the content of surface elements was changed after treated with glutaraldehyde or albumin indicated that argon plasma only had surface cleaning effect and did not change surface composition and the allylamine deposition thickness was too thin to show the difference in SEM-EDS findings. The XPS results confirmed the argon plasma cleaning effect and revealed that the ratio and the binding energy of surface elements changed with different treatment procedures and were similar to what expected to coat on the titanium surface.

XPS更进一步证实，氩气电浆只有清洁钛金属表面的作用，并不会改变其表面化学组成；其余各组的钛、碳、氮、氧的比例及键结能量随著处理程序而改变，可知表面上有化学组成之改变，且随不同处理程序所得到表面元素之百分比及键结能量，与预期的表面披覆物元素百分比及键结能量相近。

In order to prove the importance of three-body interaction, accurate ArH〓 potential surface and accurate ArAr potential surface are added to construct a two-body potential surface. We found that this potential surface is corresponding with a deep potential well and a tight structure, which is far from the real structure of Ar〓H〓. Obviously, this two-body additive potential surface is not suit in this system.

为了证明三体作用在体系中的重要性，我们用精确的ArH〓的势能面与精确的ArAr的势能面构造了一个两体加和的势能面，发现两体加和的势能面表现的是一个深势阱的紧凑结构，与Ar〓H〓的结构相去甚远，因此可以确认，两体加和在此系统中是不适用的。

On the basis of previously research, this paper re-probe into the mechanism of electro-chemist mechanical manufacturing process, making the rational technological parameter, and developing the manufacturing equipment. Through a lot of technology tests, get a lot of labratory data, accordingly, researched the surface feature of the electro-chemist manufacturing process, and deeply discussed its influence on the work piece feature. The last result is that: the electro-chemist mechanical manufacturing process can reduce the low-frequency component significantly, but on high-frequency component, it has little influence, having obviously positive pole flat effect. After manufacture, the tip parts on the surface of the work piece is cut off, there is micro "high land" shape, the parameter for surface roughness is reduced a lot, the surface outline of the work piece is negative, the bearing length rate is cliffy. Also the surface quality of the work piece is improved. This can help to avoid changing the shape, improve the feature of rub, gear and reduce the time to suit. This would also ensure the precision and result in a longer work piece life.

在以前研究的基础上，本论文重新探讨了电化学机械复合光整加工工艺的机理，确定了较合理的工艺参数，对电化学机械复合光整加工设备进行了改进，通过工艺实验广泛地搜集了大量实验数据，依据实验数据，多角度地研究了电化学机械复合光整加工的表面形貌特点，并且从理论上深入讨论了电化学机械复合光整加工表面形貌对工件工作性能的影响，最后得出的结论为：电化学机械复合光整加工对工件原始表面的低频成分有较大程度的降低，而对高频成分影响较小，有明显的阳极整平作用，被加工工件表面的尖峰状凸起被去除，工件表面呈现出微观&高原型&，表面轮廓不平度高度特性参数大幅度降低，工件表面轮廓分布集中，且呈负偏态，轮廓偏斜度为负值，轮廓支承长度率曲线陡峭，工件的表面质量得到综合改善，这对提高零件的抗接触变形能力、改善摩擦、磨损性能、降低工件的磨合时间、提高工件的精度保持性、延长工件的寿命均有利。

Firstly, some difficult problems required to be solved,such as the land surface parameters′ calculation and observation over inhomogeneous land surface and development similarity theory which can be applicable to the inhomogeneous land surface. Secondly, studies of the bulk transfer coefficients over humid regions of China must be strengthened. Thirdly, whether or not understanding the landatmosphere interaction process over inhomogeneous and complicated land surface in its entirety, the land surface parameters′ expandedness form local to regional scope is a critical and difficult problem.

在此基础上，探讨了该领域研究中存在的几点科学问题：①需要解决非均匀下垫面地表参数的计算和观测以及发展适用于非均匀下垫面的相似性理论等难题；②对我国湿润地区地表总体输送系数的研究需要加强；③能否对非均匀复杂下垫面陆气相互作用过程进行全面的认识，地表参数由&点&到&面&的推广是关键也是难题。

Abstract］ Objective To Treating the nano-SiO2 particle by silicon coupling reagent, functionalize the SiO2 by making double bond on its surface. Polymerizing on the surface of nano-SiO2 surface by the method called emulsion polymerization, the nano-SiO2 is covered by polymer to get the PMMA-KH-570-nano-SiO2 complex material. Test the surface structure of the surface of nano-SiO2 by FTIR, and test sort of its mechanical performances.Comparing the treated nano-SiO2 which is directly dispended in the PMMA emulsion with the SiO2 without any treatment, we are trying to find an effective method which can not only increase the dispersion of SiO2, but also improve the mechanical performance of the artificial teeth.

目的 通过硅烷偶联剂KH-570处理SiO2纳米粒子，向其表面引入双键使其功能化，采用乳液聚合的方法在SiO2纳米粒子表面进行接枝聚合，实现高分子对SiO2纳米粒子的表面包覆处理，制得PMMA－KH-570－SiO2纳米复合材料，采用FTIR对SiO2纳米粒子表面结构进行了表征研究，并且测定了它的多种机械性能，与表面处理过的SiO2纳米粒子直接分散至PMMA乳液中制得的复合材料、未添加任何增强物质的空白组进行比较，探索一种能够提高SiO2在基体中的分散性，为义齿复合材料的研究和开发提供理论依据和参考。

Hexanaphthene and business card printing and membership card making ink not miscible organic compounds, in the air and the monlchamus membrane, so that the micropartticle concentration in surface tension, surface monolayer formation, larger, currature and cannot be extended to the whole surface, it can become a smooth surface to prevent Eddy current production — monlchamus membrane contributes to a smooth surface of the ink level.

硅油和制卡和会员卡制息油不朱洋的无机物不相纯溶，在氛围与不朱膜的界不面处不稀释，使暗不天压辛回升，在暗不天蔓延，酿成独不合子层，曲率半径变不小，能放宽到残暗不天，因此能酿成较好的凹凸的暗不天状况，制止涡不源爆发—不朱膜暗不天不离酿成了凹凸如镜的不朱层不面。

G.E.Hubb root is from 0.20mm to 0.50mm, and 95% roots, diameter is thinner than 0.40mm. The total surface areas of roots is 10139.68cm^2, and the surface areas of roots is about 2 to 3 times to soil surface areas in the surface layer. Enlacing sod concretion to soil profile of Eulaliopsis binata G.E. Hubb root and the gigantic adsorption to soil grains of root surface are the mechanism why Eulaliopsis binata G.E. Hubb can reduce null and water loss significantly. The monitoring result from 2003 to 2004 indicates that, when the gradient is 12 degrees, the runoff rate of planting Eulaliopsis binata Retz. G.E. Hubb completely after changing slope land to ladder (PECC, so as the follows is only 49.90m^3/hm^2?yr. and the soil loss rate is 155.78kg/hm^2?yr, however, the runoff rate of fanning and being not change slope land to ladder is 314.29m^3/hm^2?yr that is 6.30 times to PECC ,and the soil loss rate is 3322.50 that is 21.33 times to PECC; When the gradient is 24 degrees, the runoff rate of planting eulaliopsis binata G.E, Hubb in the ridge and border slope land after changing slope land to ladder is 248.04m^3/hm^3?yr and the soil loss rate is 612.00kg/hm^3?yr. the runoff rate of PECC is only 42.44m^3/hm^2?yr and the soil loss rate is 153.75kg/hm^2?yr, however, the runoff rate of ENC reaches to 785.73m^3/hm62?yr that is 3.17 times to PERBC and 18.52 times to PECC, and the soil lose rate reaches to 37503m^3/hm^2 yr that is 61.33 times to PERBC and 244.12 times to PECC.

蓑草根系平均直径0.20~0.50mm， 95%的根系平均直径小于0.40mm，根系总表面积10139.68cm^2，在土壤表层根系表面积高达土体表面积的2~3倍，根系表面对土壤颗粒的巨大吸附作用是蓑草显著提高土壤抗侵蚀能力的另一个重要原因。2003~2004年的监测结果表明，在12度坡度情况下，坡改梯后净作蓑草年径流量仅49.90立方公尺/hm^2，年土壤流失量为155.78kg/hm^2，而未坡改梯且农作情况下，年径流量314.29立方公尺／hm^2为前者的6.30倍，年土壤流失量3322.50Kg/hm^2为前者的21.33倍；在24度坡度情况下，坡改梯后土埂及边坡种植蓑草、坡面农作年径流量248.04立方公尺/hm^2，年土壤流失量612.00kg/hm^2，坡改梯后净作蓑草径流量42.44立方公尺/hm^2，土坡流失量l53.75kg/hm^2，而未坡改梯且农作情况下年径流量高达785.73立方公尺/hm^2，分别为处理1的3.17倍，处理2的18.52倍，年土壤流失量高达37503kg/hm^2，分别为处理1的61.33倍，处理2的244.12倍。

In the part of grinding surface integrity, the surface integrity of ground superalloy GH4169 such as grinding surface roughness, surface hardening, surface residual stress and metallographical microstructure have been studied.

确定了上述表面完整性指标与磨削参数之间的关系，并根据正交试验建立了磨削表面粗糙度、表面硬化和表面残余应力的经验公式。

Three part of research works had been carried out in the dissertation. The first part: a kind of multidentate amine modified silica gel was synthesized through the following steps:(1) introduce the amino groups onto the surface of silica-gel by the treatment of surface silanol groups withγ-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane;(2) michael addition of excess trihydroxymethyl propyl triacrylate to amino groups on the silica gel surface;(3) amidation of the unreacted double bonds of TMPTA on the surface of TMPTA modified silica gel with diethylenetriamine;(4) the multidentate amine modified silica gel was finally obtained by the reaction of amino groups on the surface of DETA modified silica gel with double bond of butyl acrylate.

本论文进行了三部分研究工作，第一部分：通过多步反应对硅胶进行改性合成了一种多齿胺改性硅胶配体，合成过程如下：1通过γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷与硅胶表面的硅羟基反应，使硅胶表面带有氨基；2利用硅胶表面氨基与过量的三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯发生Michael加成反应；3利用二乙烯三胺与TMPTA改性硅胶表面未反应的双键发生反应使硅胶表面氨基化；4最后用丙烯酸正丁酯与DETA改性硅胶表面氨基充分反应成功合多齿胺改性硅胶配体。

Its major component includes: headstock, tool slide, tailstock, feedbox, apron and bed.

其重要部件有：主轴箱、刀架、尾座、进给箱、溜板箱以及床身。

The tradition of sending Christmas cards begun in 1843 – about the same time as the first Christmas seal was published.

发送圣诞贺卡的传统开始于1843年，大约与此同时防痨邮票也开始发行。