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As a new programme of science studies, the sociology of scientific knowledge has been a vigorous subdiscipline since the ea...

科学知识社会学是科学的社会研究中最活跃的分支学科，80年代以来在编史学、哲学、社会学和其他社会科学领域产生了广泛影响。

As a new programme of science studies, the sociology of scientific knowledge has been a vigorous subdiscipline since the early 1980s, which has become increasingly influential both within the history and philosophy of science and in sociology and social science more generally.

科学知识社会学是科学的社会研究中最活跃的分支学科，80年代以来在编史学、哲学、社会学和其他社会科学领域产生了广泛影响。

Its target is in the computer scientific fundamental theory studies and world top-ranking level is reached on applied basic research.

其目标是在计算机科学的基础理论研究和应用基础研究上达到世界一流水平。

Her profound scientific discoveries—such as the discovery of toolmaking by chimpanzees—laid the foundation for all future primate studies.

她深刻的科学发现——例如黑猩猩也能制造工具的发现——为后来所有灵长类动物研究奠定了基础。

Through the studies on establishment and application of forest resource managemen information system for country, this paper will certainly cause the forest resources monitoring, checking and the data ordering as well as the forest resources sustainable development plan making and the reasonable use to changes fast, precise, scientific, digital forestry realization could be achieved.

本文通过对县级森林资源信息管理系统的构建及应用研究，必将使森林资源监测、清查到数据整理以及森林资源的可持续发展的规划制订和合理利用变得快速、精确、科学，为实现数字化林业奠定坚实的基础。

Under the background of the argumentation between the scientific realism and the antirealism, relying on the breakthrough of Shapere's rational realism, making use of documentation, comparison and comprehensive induction, this paper studies and analyzes the thought and influences of Shapere's rational realism.

本文正是以科学实在论与反实在论的时代争论为背景，以夏佩尔的理性实在论为切入点，充分运用文献法、比较法和综合归纳法等方法，对夏佩尔的科学实在论思想及其影响进行系统地研究并加以分析。

However, few studies have investigated the consequences of induced plant response due to previous insect attack on phloem-feeding insects. Herein we address whether the feeding behaviour and growth of a phloem-feeding insect are affected by host plant changes with scientific research methods using three varieties resistant wheat 98-10-30, Amigo and Batis, which are from three different countries.

本研究通过严谨的实验方法，即选定3个不同国家的小麦抗性品种98-10-30、Amigo和Batis，在所有条件严格统一的人工智能控制温室内，通过各处理在同一植株上先后不同的接蚜方式，分别测定了麦二叉蚜Schizaphis graminum和麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae Fab。

All these studies put scientific basic for rational management for sustainable coastal protection forest of Casuarina equisetifolia, and meet the demand of the construction of coastal prevent system project.

虽然国外大量的研究表明，细根在森林生态系统的物质循环和能量流动中发挥着巨大的作用，但我国对林木细根的研究还是停留在国外20世纪70年代末、80年代初的水平上，对细根在森林生态系统中的主要作用认识不足。

Dijkman, B. G. Abouali, J. A. Kooistra, B. W. Conter, H. J....BACKGROUND: As the number of studies in the literature is increasing, orthopaedic surgeons highly depend on meta-analyses as their primary source of scientific evidence.

背景：随着相关研究文献的增多，骨科医生越来越高度依赖于运用荟萃分析对原始数据进行分析。

He attaches importance to "scientific character" and "methodology" of his culturological studies.

他注重文化学研究的&科学性&与&方法论&，严格地把文化学当作一门&科学&来建构。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。