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Based on a lot of empirical analysis, the author summerizes that the historical premises of mergers in the United States include of the development of modern-enterprise、the technical innovation、the expansile demand and the development of capital market, surveys the developments and characters of mergers in the United States. From Marx's capital concentration theory to the arguments between structure school and conduct school, from the theories of economists at the present age abroad to the achievements of the learned men in China. the author surveys the theorical developments of merger. Making a clear definition of the concept and premises of self-organizational merger on the hypothesis that enterprise is a kind of self-organization, futhermore, the author constructs the theoretical frame of self-organizational merger.

主要内容有：在对大量实证材料分析的基础上，归纳出美国企业兼并的历史前提是现代企业形成与发展、技术上的创新、市场需求的扩大和资本市场的发展，阐释了美国企业兼并的历程与特点；从马克思的资本集中理论，到结构主义与行为主义的争论与分歧，从当代经济学家们的若干理论，到中国学者对企业兼并的认识，跟踪考察了企业兼并理论的起源与发展；从企业是自组织系统的假设出发，界定了企业自组织兼并的内涵，提出了企业自组织兼并存在的条件体系，构建了市场结构、企业自组织兼并行为、产业绩效、政府调控的企业自组织兼并理论的SCPG分析框架，分析了企业自组织兼并理论的贡献。

This article illustrates detailed investigation and the statistics about art vocational education and development in vocational schools such as ShaanXi Art School,Movie and TV School, Economy and Trade school. The article also analysis and studies in different angles about fine arts vocational education reform: present situation of fine arts vocational education;The possibility and must for fine arts vocationalism education;The problems, reflection and countermeasure in the professionalism or vocationalism education reform; By analyzing present situation of fine arts education with statistics and comparison, the author elaborated the urgency for the reform, meanwhile ponder and summarize some reform attempts; By analyzing the possibility and necessity of vocationalism of fine arts education, along with the development of social economy and vigorously support from national policy, the article gives the full affirmation to vocational education prospects in our country, and indicates vocationalism will be inevitable trend for regular fine arts school education reform.

本文对国内艺术学校、电影电视学校、经贸学校等一些中专学校的美术专业的教育及发展状况做了详细的调查与统计，并分别从以下几个角度对中专美术的教育改革作了分析与研究：中专美术的教育现状；美术职业化教育的可能性和必要性；职业化改革中面临的问题以及思考和对策；在中专美术教育现状的研究中，运用了数据分析和对比，阐述了改革的迫切性，同时针对当前中专美术在教育改革中所做的一些尝试，进行了思考和总结；在对美术职业化教育的可能性和必要性的分析中，本文结合社会经济的发展和国家政策的大力支持，对我国职业教育的发展前景给予充分肯定，指明中专美术教育向职业化方向发展将是中专教改的必然趋势。

Nagadum has an inseperable relationship and interactive basis with school education, family education and social education. Chapter six mainly analyzes the current inheritage of Nagadum and its existing problems from the position that the realization of its educational funtion relies on its effective inheritage, it also provides the concept to rebuild the transmission of Nagadum. Chapter seven tries to analyze and reflect the current courses in national school education and its disadvantages of isolating from its native culture and living practice from the position that the realization of its educational function relies on the widely identification of national school education. It proposes that the essence of national education is "the education of national culture", the aquisition of native knowledge is obtained on the basis of practical mode of acquisition, hence the author tries to provide some constructive suggestions that school education in minority areas should return to native knowledge and culture, and the construction of the interactive relationship between schools and communities should be established.

第五、六、七章阐述了那达慕如何实现教育功能，其中第五章阐述了实现那达慕教育功能的内在基础和现实条件，即那达慕与学校教育、家庭教育、社会教育都具有不可分割的关系和互动基础；第六章从那达慕教育功能的实现有赖于那达慕的有效传承的立论出发，分析了那达慕传承现状及其问题，并提出了重构那达慕传承模式的构想；第七章从那达慕教育功能的实现还有赖于民族学校教育的广泛认同的立论出发，分析和反思目前民族学校课程知识及教育方式脱离本土和生活实际的弊端，提出民族教育的实质是&民族文化的教育&，本土知识的获得需用实践建构的认知方式，从而对民族学校回归本土知识与文化，建构学校与社区之间经常性文化互动关系提出了笔者的建议。

At first, the dissertation neatened the meanings ,types and characters of rubric systematacially; found out the deficiencies in the researchs at home and abroad by literature, and analysed the current problems in using the rubric by questionnaire and interview; based on the analysis on the platforms" functions abroad and the demands of users, the author designed and developed a web-based rubric which can create rubric and assess students online; primarily designed a teaching assessment process based on rubric by the education assessment theories, and by action research, sampled the BiGguiYuan middle school students in Grade 2 as the research objects, used the rubric in information technology teaching; during the study, the author observed the teaching activities,students" learning behaviors and teaching blogs; finally, the author analyzed the dates from questionnaire and teachers interview and observing of the researcher,testified each other in order to validate the effect of applying rubric.

本文首先对量规的含义、类型和特点等进行了系统梳理；通过文献调研发现国内外研究中的不足，并运用问卷调查法和访谈法，分析出当前使用量规过程中存在的问题；在对国外平台的功能和国内用户需求分析的基础上，设计和开发了一个基于网络的量规自动生成和在线评价平台；本研究在现代教育评价理论的指导下，初步设计出基于量规的教学评价过程，通过行动研究，选取顺德碧桂园学校初二学生作为研究对象，在《信息技术》教学中运用该过程；在研究过程中，对教师教学活动、学生的课堂学习行为以及教学日志进行了观察；最后运用&三角互证法&对问卷调查数据、教师的访谈和研究者的观察记录进行分析，验证量规的应用效果。

In the third chapter, author takes a pair of mixed marriage (serving Sunan II School Tibetan teacher A and Yugur teacher B) to track the interview and make oral record of process of school-based curriculum development, and recommends the specific implementation and universalizes school-based curriculum research and development knowledge, fully reflects the expansion of school-based curriculum development and sustainability.

在第三章中，笔者就校本课程研发过程对异族通婚的教师夫妻(任职肃南二中的藏族教师A和裕固族教师B)进行跟踪访谈和口述实录；对全体研发人员在校本课程教材的资料搜集、整理及编制过程中的体会进行问卷统计分析，并提出校本课程评价、校本课程成果推广及校本教材实施的具体的操作性建议。

In this way, the author presents the mass study of Birmingham School in two ways, first one is their concepts" background in social and history, the other, is the origin of their study. By skimming over the domain of Frankfurt School, the author made a brief comparison on two schools which both important in popular culture research area. There are an obviously change from "criticism" to "comprehension.

本文从对伯明翰学派理论架构的社会历史背景和思想理论来源分析入手，着重论证了伯明翰学派关于&大众&在大众文化活动中的主体地位思想，在与法兰克福学派大众文化理论的非大众性批判的比较中，看到了西方大众文化理论研究中出现的从&批判&到&理解&的转向。

Basing on describing the basic knowledge of school management system of Chinese basic education, this article bring forward some new ideas: first, the author dont simply discuss the theories on school management system of school management system of Chinese basic education from perfect situation, but combining the factual condition of school management system of Chinese basic education; second, the article analysis profoundly the problem of School management system of Chinese basic education; third, after discussing the reform mode of Chinese basic education, the author further advance to change the coverall and unchangeable school management system and set up the school management method, which call integral whole two lines.

本文在梳理我国基础教育办学体制的基础之上，也不乏创新之处：一是对我国基础教育办学体制改革的理论阐释不是简单从理想状况去推理，而是结合我国基础教育体制改革的实际进行了系统地说明；二是对我国基础教育体制改革所面临的问题进行了深层次的分析；三是在对我国基础教育办学体制的几种有益的探索进行剖析的基础上，试图探索对我国基础教育体制改革的模式，提出在改革&包揽封闭&的办学体制，构建&一体二线&的办学框架，并希望对我国基础教育改革有所启示。

Under the background of educational reform from spreading Chinese traditional sports culture, developing native course, training students lifetime sports view ,cultural globalization of national sports etc.To set out necessity 、 feasibility and advantage to launch folk sports .The author carries on real example investigation and analysis from material aspect about folk sports in FuJian Province middle school ,at the same time describes deeply from non-material aspect , goal , problem that facing of the evolution .Finally the author indicates tentative proposition about Principle and countermeasure to develop folk sports in middle school of FuJian Province .

在教育改革这个大背景下，从弘扬中华民族传统体育文化、发展校本课程和乡土课程、培养学生终身体育观以及民族体育文化全球化等角度出发，对福建省中学开展民俗体育的必要性、可行性和优势进行了论述，并对福建省中学民俗体育课程资源的现状和开发情况从物质层面进行了实证调查与分析，从非物质层面进行了阐述。

In chapter I, The author reviews and comments the various metaphor about school organization, and introduces new metaphor of school organization as "actor" based on frontal research ,in the last of chapter I ,the author builds the analysis of school organizational action logic; Chapter II and Chapter III is the core of the text.

论文的第一章在回顾与评说学校组织研究的各种隐喻的基础上，提出学校组织作为&行动者&的新组织隐喻，并以此为基础，构建全文对学校组织的行动逻辑分析；论文的第二章、第三章是全文的核心部分。

In the first place, school author IT ies should provide far more services to help freshmen to get used to the new life as soon as possible.

首先，学校应提供更多的服务，帮助新生尽快适应新的生活。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。