查询词典 scale

This project studies the scale-dependent deformation behavior of the metal matrix composite, the void nucleation and void growth mechanisms at the micron/submicron scale. The main results are:(1) In prophase, growth and coalescence of the void embedded in the graded matrix are analyzed in detailed;(2) Based on the infinite solid model containing a micro-void, coupling effects of the void shape and the void size on the void growth are studied carefully, the results show that it seems to exist a critical equivalent void radius, which is associated with the material length. When radius of a microvoid is close to or smaller than the critical void radius, the micro-void growth rate is essentially eliminated;(3) The coupling effects of the particle shape and size on the mesoscopic stress fields within the particle and matrix are also investigated by introducing the conception of inclusion/matrix interfacial energy. The results show that the stress concentration factors within the particle and on the matrix/particle interface are also strongly size-dependent,so the void nucleation mechanism is size-dependent.(4) By employing a specific orthogonal curve coordinate frame and a 'kernel function' conception, a 'unified method'solving the spheriodal and spherical void problems is suggested; by this unified method, size-dependent plastic potentials of the porous materials containing the spheriodal or spherical voids are obtained, which extend the traditional Gurson model for the spherical void and GLD model for the spheriodal voids to the micron scale.(5) Based on the RVE model containing the spheriodal or spherical particles, the influences of the particle shape and size on the size-dependent mechanical behavior of metal matrix composite are studied.

中文摘要：本项目对金属基复合材料在微细观尺度下的尺度相关变形行为、孔洞形核及长大的机理和模型进行了研究，取得了如下主要结果：1）在前期研究中，探讨了基体的梯度分布对孔洞长大和聚合的影响；2）基于含孔洞的无限大体模型，探讨了孔洞形状和孔洞尺寸对其长大的耦合作用，结果表明：可能存在一个与材料特征长度相关的临界孔洞尺寸，当椭球孔洞的等效半径小于临界孔洞半径时，孔洞的长大受到明显抑制；3）通过引入基体/夹杂界面能的概念，分析了夹杂尺寸、夹杂形状对材料细观应力场的耦合影响，结果表明：颗粒内部和界面上的应力集中因子强烈地依赖于夹杂的尺寸和形状，因此，孔洞的形核机理是尺寸相关的；4）采用一种特殊的正交曲线坐标系和引入"核函数"的概念，"统一"地得到了含椭球和球形孔洞的材料的尺寸相关塑性势，它将传统的Gurson球形孔洞模型和GLD椭球孔洞模型推广到微尺度范围；5）基于含椭球和球形夹杂的体胞模型，初步研究了夹杂形状、夹杂尺寸对金属基复合材料尺寸相关力学行为的影响。

Results: The comparison presented there were no difference between two criminal groups in the Mollification scale and the Cutoff scale. Chinese criminals were lower than American Criminals in the Power Orientation and the Super-optimism scale.

结果：两组罪犯在安慰型和自我消除型分量表上无显著差异，在权利型、超乐观型思维倾向上，国内罪犯显著低于美国罪犯，而在能力取向型、感伤型、认知懒散型和中断型四纬度上均显著高于美国罪犯。

These situations are the main character of Chinese credit rationing phenomena. It could be conclude that a great mummer of important problems, which including some macro-scale problems such as the dualistic financial structure, the inefficiency of fund allocation, the phenomena of regulation of interest rate, and some middling scale problems such as the banking industry structure, the rampart of entering and exiting banking, as well as some micro-scale problems such as non-performing loans of banks,'over investment' of state-owned enterprise, credit deficiency of enterprises, have concerned with the situations.

一方面，从微观层面来看，政府行政权利在资源配置中的主导作用是中国特色信贷配给现象的一个主要的组成部分；可以说，无论是宏观方面的二元金融结构、资金配置效率低下、利率管制等现象；中观方面的银行业市场结构、银行业进入以及退出壁垒；还是微观方面的某些痼疾，如银行不良资产、国有企业的"过度投资"、微观主体信用缺损等，都在一定程度上同政府主导的信贷配给有关。

Starting from a barotropic model equations including large-scale orography,friction and heat factor,by means of scale analysis and small parameter method,then a barotropic quasi-geostrophic model with large-scale orography,friction and heating is obtained.

从包含大地形、摩擦及加热作用的正压模式方程组出发，通过尺度分析、小参数展开和线性化等方法，导出一个含大地形、摩擦及加热作用的准地转正压模式。

This paper presents an evaluation method based on psychological scale. Rank-order method or method of paired comparison is adopted to sort the images retrieved by different algorithms, then an ordinal scale is obtained. With presupposition of normal distribution, an equal interval scale is also obtained though POZ conversion. Thus different algorithms can be compared on these scales.

本文提出基于心理量表的情感图像检索性能评价方法，采用等级排列法或对偶比较法对不同算法检索出的图像进行排序，建立顺序量表，并在样本满足正态分布假设的前提下，将顺序量表转化成等距量表，以比较检索算法的优劣。

Open Linear Encoder includes main grating scale and optical encoder head. This optical encoder head includes LED light source, optical detector module, and secondary phase-grating. LED light will pass through the plano-convex lens and produces parallel light. As the parallel light pass through secondary grating, the quadratic image display on the main grating scale. And the Moire interference will be reflected from the main grating scale and detected by optical detector module, as there is a relative shift between the main and secondary grating. From detecting the periodic sinusoidal signal with phase difference 90°, the period represents the grating pitch, using the counter to detect the number of periodic signals to get the displacement, and we can adapt the technology of electron subdivide further to increase the resolution of measurement .

反射式光学尺包括主光栅尺及光学读头，光学读头包含LED光源、光侦测器模组及相位式副光栅，LED光源经平凸透镜，产生平行光穿透副光栅后，副光栅之二次成像投射在反射主光栅尺上，当主、副光栅因相对运对产生之Moire干涉经主光栅尺反射至光电检测器，检出相位差90°之周期性弦波讯号，其周期代表栅距，因此可用计数器检出周期性讯号数目得到位移量，可进一步采用电子细分割技术提高解析度。

CS Series Electronic Scale Units have body and instrument scale composition, scale-related high-precision weighing sensor and reliable pass-force structure, and instrument parts weighing powerful display controller, because of the electronic platform balance with a removable, light weight, Weighing fast, high accuracy, simple operation, the advantages of stable and reliable performance.

CS系列电子台秤有秤体及仪表构成，秤体部分采用高精度的称重传感器和可靠的传力结构，仪表部分采用功能强大的称重显示控制器，由于电子台秤具有可移动、重量轻、称量快、准确度高、操作简单、性能稳定可靠等优点。

Through literature review and advanced research, this study developed the related scales –"knowledge sharing intention scale,""team culture scale" and "service innovation performance scale." Using the quota sampling method, questionnaires were distributed to 36 international tourism hotels. Six hundred twenty one valid surveys were returned from 23 hotels.

研究者透过文献与前导研究，发展出本研究之相关量表-「知识分享意愿量表」、「团队文化量表」及「服务创新表现量表」，以配额抽样方式对36家国际观光旅馆进行问卷施测，有效问卷共回收621份（共23家）。

In order to overcome the problem that the determination of non-scale interval definite and fractal dimension's computation were affected by human factors, the new method of scale transformation was presented according to the principles of notable regression effect, the smallest residual sum of squares and weak autocorrelation of residual error, which providing reference for the determination of study scale.

本文针对分形理论在描述监测站网分布时易受人为因素影响问题，提出了以回归效果显著，残差平方和最小和残差自相关性小为原则的确定尺度转折点的方法和基于GIS技术的点状数据确定尺度转折点的基本步骤，以期为研究尺度的科学确定提供参考。

A class of fast-scale bifurcations appearing around the maximum value of the input voltage is discovered for the first time by experiment. Then the influence of the fast-scale bifurcations on the performance of the PFC converters is discussed. Whether the fast-scale bifurcations will appear and how wide the bifurcation region depend on the characteristics of the current loop output. Therefore, the main factors that affect the current loop output are analyzed, including the current loop parameters, inductance, and root-mean-square value of the input voltage.

通过实验，该文首次发现了一类在输入电压最大值附近发生的快时标分岔；详细讨论了快时标分岔对PFC变换器性能的影响；由于电流环输出的特点决定了变换器是否会出现快时标分岔以及分岔区域的大小，该文分析了影响电流环输出的主要因素，包括电流环参数、电感值和输入电压有效值。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷