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So ,the temperature is quite essential for an engine to produce power .No engines can work well without suitable operating temperatures .If the engine runs too hot ,it may suffer form pre-ignition,while the air-fuel change is ignited prematurely from excessive combustion chamber temperature.Viscosity of the oil circulating in an over heating engine is reduced.Hot oil also forms varnish and carbon deposits may be drawn into the combustion chamber where it increases HC emission.This also causes poor performance and premature wear ,and may even result in engine damage.What is more,the behavior of the metals at excessively high temperature also differs from that at normal temperatures and can produce a condition in which the metal deforms slowly and continuously at a constant stress,If the engine runs too cold, the fuel will not vaporize properly.If liquid fuel reachees the cylinders,it will reduce lubrication by washing the oil from the cylinder walls and diluting the engin oil.This causes a loss ofperformance, an inrease in HC emissions, and premature engine wear.

所以，温度是很有必要的引擎来产生电力，没有引擎，可以工作，如果没有合适的操作温度，如果发动机运行太热，它可能遭受的形式预点火，而空气燃料的改变是点火过早过量燃烧室temperature.viscosity的石油流通的过度加热发动机是reduced.hot油价也构成了清漆和碳存款可能会被拖入燃烧室而增加hc的emission.this也造成业绩不佳和过早磨损，甚至可能导致发动机damage.what更重要的是，行为的研究金属在过高的温度也有不同，在正常温度下，可以达到的一个条件，其中金属变形速度缓慢，不断在恒应力，如果发动机运行太冷了，燃料价格将不会汽化properly.if液体燃料reachees气瓶，将减少润滑洗油从气缸壁和稀释器oil.this造成损失ofperformance ， inrease在hc排放，发动机过早磨损。

The heat conduction model of the PE fuel with the surface melting and pyrolyzing is developed for the H2O2-PE hybrid rocket motor. Combining with the energy fluxes balance above fuel surface, the simulation and calculation of transient heat conduction of the PE fuel with liquid layer while melting and pyrolyzing are considered by use of the moving coordinates.

建立了PE燃料的熔化、热解、导热模型，应用动坐标系，结合燃料表面热环境，对具有液体层的PE燃料的熔化、热解和内部瞬态导热过程进行了模拟计算，计算的PE燃料退移速率与国外同类试验的测量结果符合较好。

The flow distribution in micro premixing chamber is analyzed. The influence of the diameter of fuel inlets, the numbers of arc-shaped and straight micro-channel, the distance of second fuel inlets and the numbers of second fuel inlets on the uniformity of flow distribution and premixing characteristics are numerical investigated.

对微型预混腔内流场分布以及预混腔的燃料入口直径，旋、直流槽数量，二次燃料入口距离和二次燃料入口数量对微型预混腔内流动分布均匀性及混合特性的影响进行了数值研究。

Premixed fuel supply system of double-fuel engine in gas pipe is introduced. The control on fuel system is studied.

bstract 介绍了天然气进气管预混合双燃料发动机的燃料供给系统，并对燃料系的控制进行了研究。

A premixed fuel supply system of double-fuel engine in gas pipe is introduced. The control on fuel system is studied.

介绍了天然气进气管预混合双燃料发动机的燃料供给系统，并对燃料系的控制进行了研究。

The high pressure pump has one or more reciprocating pumping plungers (14) and a pumping plunger actuator (62, 48, 66) driven by the drive shaft for reciprocating each pumping plunger to provide alternating intake and pumping phases of operation of the high pressure pump, at a frequency determined by the rotational speed of the drive shaft, for respectively receiving an intake charge of fuel and delivering fuel at high pressure for fuel injection.

高压泵具有一个或多个往复移动的泵送柱塞（14）和一个泵送柱塞驱动装置（62，48，66），其由驱动轴驱动，以便往复移动每个泵送柱塞，从而在由驱动轴转速决定的频率下提供高压泵工作的交替的吸入和泵送相，以便分别接受燃油的吸入量和为燃油喷射高压输送燃油。

Refineries. Other fuel-related research is evaluating greater use of ethanol in gasoline, removal of unwanted byproducts from fuel, identification of more effective refinery catalysts, potential molecular-level enhancements to fuel blends, and thermo-chemically converting cellulosic biomass – wood, corn stover and switch grass – into bio-oil.

其他相关燃料的研究正在评估在汽油中更多地使用乙醇，从燃料里移出不必要的副产品，确认更有效的炼油催化剂，对混合燃料增强潜在的分子水平以及用热化学法将纤维素生物质-木材，玉米秸秆和开关草-转化成生物油。

The face of rising oil prices, countries heavily, is working to develop extensive use of new energy-saving technology, application of new materials to reduce vehicle weight to lightweight, is also used to develop the gas fuel, alcohol fuels, hydrocarbons Fuel, vegetable dye, and other alternative fuels as oil, Recognized as a world power and the future of a reliable car can be used as early as the late 20th century has been on research and development in electric vehicles, fuel electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and related technologies are constantly in progress and improve.

面对不断上涨的石油价格，各个国家不堪重负，正在努力开发广泛利用新的节能技术，应用新材料降低汽车重量使其轻量化，同时也在采用开发出气体燃料、醇类燃料、烃类燃料、植物染料等作为石油的替代燃料，而电能作为世界公认的未来汽车的可靠用能，早在20世纪后期就得到了研究和发展，出现了电动汽车、燃料电动汽车、混合动力电动汽车等，并且有关技术正在不断的进步和完善。

Further, a vapor discharge opening and a vapor discharge valve mechanism are provided in that part of the pump channel which is between the air discharge opening and an inlet section of the pump channel. The vapor discharge valve mechanism is closed in the start of the pump, preventing negative pressure at a fuel suction opening from being reduced, and the mechanism is opened in the start of fuel pressurization, discharging fuel containing vapor to the outside of the pump channel.

另外，在上述空气排出口和泵流路的入口部之间的泵流路上设置蒸汽排出口，此外设置蒸汽排出阀机构，其在燃料泵启动时闭阀而防止燃料吸入口的负压降低，如果燃料加压开始则开阀，从而将含有蒸汽的燃料向泵流路的外部排出。

This article analyzes systematically the work process of fuel injection system in detail. It analyzes the fault fundamentals and its influence of three coupling parts in the high pressure oil road and the injection process, three coupling parts include plunger coupling parts, delivery valve coupling parts and needle valve coupling parts. It discusses the pulse situation of fuel pressure under the every kind of typical fault model, and regarding this as according to pick up the pulse signal of pressure from the high pressure pipeline, and process wavelet decomposition, picks up the of parameter fault, make use of the model identification technique, realizes to the intelligent diagnosis of fuel injection system fault.

文中系统地分析了燃油系统的工作过程，对高压油路中三偶件(柱塞偶件、出油阀偶件、针阀偶件)、喷油过程等的故障机理及其影响进行了分析，讨论了各种典型故障状态下的燃油压力波动情况，并以此为根据，从高压油管处提取压力波动信号，提取故障参数，利用模式识别技术，实现了对燃油系统故障的智能化诊断。

Although translator has turned from being a crystal ball by which the original culture can unrestrainedly penetrate to another crystal ball by which the target culture can freely traverse, the translator's personal embodiment, in the process of cognitive act, are still absent in translation studies. Translators are still subjects without body or simply disembodied subjects.

译者虽然由原语文化可以自由穿透的玻璃球变成了译语文化可以自由穿越的玻璃球，但译者认知过程中的个体体验在翻译研究中依然缺席，译者依然仅仅是一个没有躯体体验的主体。

Chillingly, he claimed our technology is 'not nearly as sophisticated' as theirs and "had they been hostile", he warned 'we would be been gone by now'.

令人毛骨悚然的，他声称我们的技术是'并不那么复杂，像他们一样，和"如果他们敌意"，他警告说，'我们将现在已经过去了。