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Of course, automotive fuel changing from gasoline and diesel into gas fuel is also carried out blazingly everywhere in our country. Because automotive gas-fuel supplying system is yet not self-contained, and now a large of running vehicles by gasoline and diesel are the largest consumers of petroleum and source of pollutants, so vehicles by liquefied fuel being transferred into Gasoline/Gas amphibious-fuel or Diesel-Gas dual-fuel vehicles is the best way of automobile using gas fuel in our country now.

当然，我国各地也兴起了汽车燃料油改气的热潮，由于我国车用气体燃料的供给基础设施建设远未完善，并且目前在用的大量汽、柴油车是我国的石油消耗大户和最重要的污染源之一，所以我国目前最现实的做法是把大量的汽、柴油车改装为气体燃料／汽油两用燃料汽车或气体燃料—柴油双燃料汽车。

At the same time, in strengthening the management of sophisticated control and take effective measures to strictly implement the responsibility system, the savings once electricity savings drop of water, save one metre, a double save, save one drop, save a piece of brick, save a watt, save a piece of paper, a piece of wood savings, save a wire,"10 a" savings as a starting point for the entire economy, the overall economy of a good atmosphere.

同时，在管理中强化精细管理意识，采取切实措施，严格落实责任制，把节约一度电，节约一滴水，节约一粒米，节约一两面，节约一滴油，节约一块砖，节约一片瓦，节约一张纸，节约一块木材，节约一根铁丝等&十个一&的节约作为切入点，促进全程节约、全面节约的良好氛围的形成。

The research result shows that the best fuel delivery advance angle of diesel engine used has been changed; with the first cylinder as the standard, the deviation of the fuel delivery advance angle between the first cylinder and other cylinder surpasses allowed range; the smoke emission and fuel consumption can be decreased and delivering fuel to each cylinder at the right time can be assured, through the selection and adaptation of fuel delivery advance angle .

研究结果表明：使用后柴油机的最佳供油提前角发生了变化；以第一缸为准，其它缸与第一缸之间的供油提前角偏差超出了允许的范围；实行供油提前角的调配可使各缸在正确的时刻供油，减少排放，降低油耗。

A chemical reaction mechanism model has been established to simulate the combustion process in the cylinder of dual fuel engine. The pilot fuel model has been given to calculate the distribution of the liquid fuel and time of fuel pre-combustion, at the same time, analyzing the important action to the combustion of the natural gas in the combustion chamber of engine, determining the best quantity of pilot fuel.

理论方面，提出了基于化学反应的燃烧模型—多组分气相反应系统的化学反应动力学模型，以此进行双燃料发动机的热力学—化学反应动力计算；引燃油燃烧模型，计算引燃油液滴的分布规律和滞燃期，验证引燃油在双燃料发动机燃烧过程中的作用，揭示不同喷油规律对双燃料发动机的影响，确定在不同负荷下的合理引燃油量；爆震模型，揭示爆震与工质能量释放间的关系和影响爆震的各种运转因素，确定合理的爆震依据，减小爆震倾向。

The investigation has declared that the fuel injection with BQ fuel pump had higher injection pressure, bigger fuel supply rate and shouter fuel supply duration, which would cause the fuel injection quantity and the fule-air mixture to increase during ignition delay period, the pre-mixed combustion to become acutely, and finally result in increased power levels of noise.

研究表明，装配BQ喷油泵，喷油系统的喷油压力较高，供油速率较大和供油持续时间缩短，使得滞燃期的喷油量增加，滞燃期内形成的可燃混合较多，预混燃烧剧烈，导致整机噪声声功率级增加。

When diesel/CNG dual-fuel turbocharge intercooling engine D6114 runs in dual-fuel mode, only diesel fuel is supplied when starting and idling, and when engine speed is beyond the preset value,electronic control system send out command to limit diesel fuel injection amount,and natural gas begin to enter into cylinder through mixer to take part in burning, at this time small a mount of diesel fuel shall play mainly a role of ignition,and engine load is changed by altering natural gas supply amount.

D6114柴油/CNG双燃料增压中冷发动机当以双燃料方式工作时，发动机起动和怠速只燃用柴油；当转速超过某设定值，电控系统发出指令限制柴油的喷油量，天然气经混合器进入气缸参与燃烧，此时少量柴油供给主要起引燃作用，发动机负荷变化则通过改变天然气供给量的大小来实现。

In this paper, the general situation of the overseas applications of micro fuel cells is introduced in detail. The feasibility of micro fuel cells fabrication using MEMS technology and characteristics of different types of MEMS-based micro fuel cells are briefly discussed. Combining with the critical components including the monopolar plate and membrane electrode assembly, the latest research progress of MEMS-based micro fuel cells are also summarized systematically. Finally, the existing problems and development trend are analyzed, and the urgent demand for developing MEMS-based micro fuel cells in our country is demonstrated.

本文详细介绍了国外微型燃料电池的应用概况，简要论述了将MEMS技术应用于微型燃料电池制作的可行性以及MEMS微型燃料电池的类型特点，并结合关键组件极板和膜电极，系统地总结了近几年来MEMS微型燃料电池的研究进展和成果，最后分析了目前存在的问题和发展趋势以及我国大力发展MEMS微型燃料电池的迫切需求。

In this paper, the general situation of the overseas applications of micro fuel cells is introduced in detail. The feasibility of micro fuel cells fabrication using MEMS technology and characteristics of different types of MEMS-based micro fuel cells are briefly discussed. Combining with the critical components including the monopolar plate and membrane electrode assembly, the latest research progress of MEMS-based micro fuel cells are also summarized systematically. Finally, the existing problems and development trend are analyzed, and the urgent demand for developing MEMS-based micro fuel cells in our country is demonstrated. Contents

本文详细介绍了国外微型燃料电池的应用概况，简要论述了将MEMS技术应用于微型燃料电池制作的可行性以及MEMS微型燃料电池的类型特点，并结合关键组件极板和膜电极，系统地总结了近几年来MEMS微型燃料电池的研究进展和成果，最后分析了目前存在的问题和发展趋势以及我国大力发展MEMS微型燃料电池的迫切需求。

Electric fuel pump is an important part of automobile fuel feed system, which absorbs fuel from fuel tank and provide it to the air crocks of engine by fuel injection.

电动燃油泵是汽车燃油供给系统的重要组成部分，其功用是将燃油从油箱内泵出并通过喷油器供给发动机各个气缸。

When the swirl variable device is part-opened, because swirl has some effect on the second injection, second injection timing has distinctly effect on fuel consumption, and the fuel consumption change fluctuantly with twice injection timing. When the tumble variable device is adopted, second injection timing also has effect on fuel consumption, but there is only one point that the fuel consumption is lowest. When the load is bigger, the second injection point where the fuel consumption is lowest is earlier than the smaller load.

在可变涡流结构中，当阀片处于非全开状态时，由于涡流运动对二次喷油的作用，二次喷油正时对发动机的比油耗存在明显影响，发动机比油耗随喷油正时改变呈较明显的波动状；在可变滚流结构中，二次喷油正时对发动机比油耗同样存在影响，但最低油耗点只有一个，当负荷较大时，最低比油耗所对应的喷油正时要更早一些。

Although translator has turned from being a crystal ball by which the original culture can unrestrainedly penetrate to another crystal ball by which the target culture can freely traverse, the translator's personal embodiment, in the process of cognitive act, are still absent in translation studies. Translators are still subjects without body or simply disembodied subjects.

译者虽然由原语文化可以自由穿透的玻璃球变成了译语文化可以自由穿越的玻璃球，但译者认知过程中的个体体验在翻译研究中依然缺席，译者依然仅仅是一个没有躯体体验的主体。

Chillingly, he claimed our technology is 'not nearly as sophisticated' as theirs and "had they been hostile", he warned 'we would be been gone by now'.

令人毛骨悚然的，他声称我们的技术是'并不那么复杂，像他们一样，和"如果他们敌意"，他警告说，'我们将现在已经过去了。