查询词典 sampling distribution

Applying mathematical statistics, this paper studied the characters of random sampling and its excessive random effect on other trip characters, put forward stratified sampling method, researched quota sampling and best distribution sampling.

建议对于大型城市采用简单随机抽样方法；而对于中小城市，按年龄分类，采用分层抽样方法，以提高调查精度。

Finishing calculation of mean value, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis of Beta distribution.(2) Fitting parameters of many kinds of typical distribution and using residual deviation to evaluate fitting precision.(3) Using Beta distribution as an agreed indication distribution applied to many kinds of practical photoelectric measurement distributions.(4) Deriving theory formula of Bayes point estimation about Beta distribution parameters and mean value and standard deviation on the condition of mean square error loss function and supposed the prior distribution is uniform distribution.(5) Generating MCMC sample from post distribution by the method of Gibbs sample algorithm. Calculating bayes point estimation from sample on the condition of mean square error loss function. Calculating confidence interval by an approximate method to complete interval estimation.

本文的主要工作有：(1)解决了Beta分布参数a和b的精确计算以及均值、标准差、偏度、峰度的计算问题；(2)拟合出10余种典型分布的Beta分布的两个参数，并且采用剩余标准差评价该Beta分布的拟合精度；(3)对多种典型的光学与光电测量系统的测量分布进行了Beta分布统示表示；(4)在假设先验分布为均匀分布前提下，得到参数a和b以及均值μ和标准差σ在均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计理论计算公式；(5)利用直接抽样的Gibbs抽样算法，从后验分布中产生MCMC样本，从样本直接计算均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计，并使用一种近似方法计算其置信区间，完成区间估计。

This thesis mainly discuss following issues, Theory and simple expressions for array covariance matrixes are derived when angular spread functions are symmetric distribution functions, i. e. the Uniform distribution, the Gauss distribution, the Laplace distribution and the Von Mises distribution, and a non-symmetric distribution function, i. e. the Gamma distribution. And the relation between the effective signal subspace and the array number, or and the nominal angle of the distributed source, the angular spread, the distributed functions, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio is gained. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the array number. And it is more obvious to the non-symmetric distribution. The dimension of the effective signal subspace decreases with increment of the nominal angle. And the distributed source is equal to a point source as θ=π/2. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the angular spread.

本论文针对阵列信号处理中广泛存在的分布源现象，主要讨论了以下问题：推导了角度分布函数分别为对称的均匀分布、高斯分布、拉普拉斯分布、Von Mises分布和非对称的伽马分布时，分布源阵列接收信号协方差阵的严格模型和简化模型，得到了单个分布源的有效信号子空间随阵元数、分布源中心角、分布角、角度分布函数和信噪比的变化规律：随着阵元数的增加，对所有角度分布函数的有效信号子空间维数也随着增加，且非对称分布函数的有效信号子空间充满整个空间的可能性更大；随着分布源中心角逐步增加，有效信号子空间维数逐步减小，当θ=π/2时，等价于点源情形；随着分布源分布角逐渐加大，有效信号子空间维数也随之增加，直到有效信号子空间充满整个空间；随着信噪比的增加，有效信号子空间维数有一定程度的减少。

At first, beginning with legal definition of power and right of distribution----the core concept of distributive institute, the paper analyses the characteristics of power and right of distribution, types and nature and legal attribute of it, proposed the concept of the power of distribution and the right of distribution, among them, the national power of distribution mainly include the planed regulatory power of GNP distribution, the distributive power of national finance, the power of taxation, the regulatory power of banking, the intervene power of price distribution etc. the distributive right of enterprise's income and the distributive right of resident's income are the main content of the right of distribution.

首先从作为分配法律制度核心范畴的分配权的法律界定入手，详细全面地分析了分配权的特征、类型划分、性质和部门法归属，提出了以调整国民收入分配关系为目标的国民收入分配的计划调控权、国家财政分配权、征税权、金融调控权、价格分配干预权等为主要内容的国家分配权力，以及以企业收入分配权、个人收入分配权为组成部分的分配权利的法律内容。

The computer simulated sampling points with different grid cell sizes were generated and then interpolated into 10000 points with inverse distance weighted. Finally, the original value was compared with the interpolated value for the same grid cell to find the sampling error, and optimal sampling points were determined according to the allowable sampling error.

利用计算机按照不同的网格单元尺寸(如3×3，5×5，7×7等)进行采样，之后利用采样值进行IDW插值处理，将数据点恢复到原始的10000个，并把插值结果与原始值进行比较即可得到采样误差。

The frame lengths may be calculated from a greatest common divisor of a set of sampling rates providing watermarks which are robust against sampling rate conversions between any sampling rates of the set of sampling rates.

帧长度可以从提供水印的一组采样率的第一个公约数计算出来，它们对于这一组采样率中任意采样率之间的采样率转换而言是坚固的。

In this dissertation, digital lock-in detection techniques under integer period sampling and non-integer period sampling are separately investigated (1) Under integer period sampling, digital signal sequence is acquired through sampling the measured signal, but digital reference sequence is acquired through mathematical operation, then digital lock-in detection can be realized by calculating crosscorrelation function of digital signal sequence and digital reference sequence Harmonic measure is also analyzed, and a method of measuring harmonic of a periodic signal under aliasing is put forward.

本文对使用采样ADC把模拟信号转换为数字信号并通过计算数字信号的相关函数来实现锁定检测的技术进行了研究，在此基础上设计了一个多功能的数字LIA并在一些科学实验中进行了应用。本文对整周期采样和非整周期采样时的数字锁定检测技术分别进行了研究。(1)在整周期采样时，对被测信号进行采样得到信号序列，而参考序列由数学运算得到，通过计算信号序列和参考序列的互相关函数就可实现锁定检测。

By constructing the piecewise linear function from samples, it is able to approximate the measured metric more precisely. Compared with current popular sampling algorithms, FASM algorithm can provide more precise estimation of metric under the same samples. In the condition of retaining the same approximation errors, our adaptive sampling methodology only requires fewer samples, which will save sampling costs considerably during sampling process.

与当前常用的抽样算法相比，在采集相同的样本数量情况下，本文的拟合模型对指标进行的估计更准确、稳定；而在保持相同的拟合误差时，自适应抽样算法则可显著减少所需采集的样本数量，节约数据采集过程的代价。

The definition of Halton points is introduced and the algorithm complexity is analyzed, then the sampling strategy of triangle plane is introduced, including geometry region partitioning, coordinate mapping between triangle plane and rectangle plane, and computing principle to the coordinates of sampling point. The experiment results compared with Jittered sampling and improved LHS sampling are given.

给出了Halton点的定义，分析了其算法复杂度，在此基础上给出了三角平面的采样策略，包括几何区域的划分、三角平面与矩形平面的坐标映射、采样点坐标计算原理；并将该方法与Jittered采样法、改进的LHS采样法进行了比较。

The main work of this paper is to study the sampling theorem in domain of the fraction and the sampling relationship. We will try to obtain the theoretic sampling rate and the proof of feasibility. And we also give some relationship between the kernels under the meaning of sampling.

本文的主要工作就是，研究了分数傅立叶变换算子核函数的采样定理及采样关系，给出了一种能够达到理论的最佳采样频率的尝试，也给出了这种做法的可行性的证明，更进一步由采样关系给出了核函数的一些关系。

Methods Clinical data of 15 cases of duodenal invasion by cancer of hepatic flexure of colon were analyzed retrospectively.

我院自 1 9 8 1年2月~ 2 0 0 2年 1 2月收治结肠癌侵犯十二指肠患者1 5例，并有 4例形成癌性内瘘，现就其外科治疗的有关问题报告如下。1 临床资料1。

This will provide the base for the design of MSD.

这些工作为阻尼器的参数设计提供了重要基础。