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In a special case of 2 dimensional variables, the probability of the positive definitiveness of the discrete sample covariance matrix is given in term of sample size and variable dimension. Based on the results, the optimal sample size is provided in this thesis.

推出了离散型样本协方差矩阵正定的充要条件，得到了求离散型样本协方差矩阵正定概率的模型，建立了特殊情况下的抽样优化模型。

In blood, luteotropin significantly increased at DCAB 400 fed sample, estradiol (E2) and urea decreased at DCAB 400 and 500 fed sample. However, Lactate dehydrogenate, creatine phosphokinase and total protein had a significant increase for DCAB 300 and 400 fed sample.

血液指标中，DCAB 400组提高了促乳素，DCAB 400和500组提高了雌二醇浓度和尿素；DCAB 300和400组乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸磷酸激酶和总蛋白显著提高；处理组钙含量显著高于对照组。

Crack growth direction of V-notch column sample under tensile-pressural loading was found by means of simulating the crack growth path side by side analyzing the distribution of Von Minses equivalent stress of the V-notch sample, the result shows crack growth direction of the sample under tensile-pressural loading is diametral direction of circle where the V-notch lies.

通过边分析试样的Von Minses等效应力分布，边模拟裂纹扩展方向的方法对拉压载荷下V型切口试样的裂纹扩展方向进行了模拟，结果显示V型切口试样在拉压状态下的裂纹扩展方向为棒料V型切口处圆周的直径方向。

The position and size of the monochromator, focusing curvature radii and tilting angles of the germanium focusing monochromator under different different take-off angle, size and divergency of the second collimator and intensity loss due to the use of it were determined. The neutron flux at different wavelength, under different reflection and take-off angle of the monochromator and divergency of the first collimator, were given. The simulation on the aperture used for limiting beam size in front of the sample showed that, smaller the size of the aperture and further the distance from the aperture to the sample, greater the loss of the intensity and more serious the spread of the beam along vertical direction at the sample position which makes the practical sampling volume greater than expected.

用蒙特卡罗模拟方法对中子应力衍射谱仪的设计方案进行了优化研究，提出了一系列可供参考的数据：确定了单色器的位置、尺寸、垂直聚焦单色器在不同起飞角下的聚焦曲率半径和倾角；讨论了第二准直器的尺寸和发散，以及使用第二准直器造成的强度损失；给出了在不同单色器反射面、起飞角、中子波长和第一准直器发散度的情况下样品处的中子注量率，以及多种组合情况下谱仪的分辨率曲线；对限束方孔的尺寸、距离样品远近对强度损失和测量中的影响做了深入研究。

Methods: The sample extraction method of total flavonoids, including water bath water bath reflux extraction and ultrasonic extraction method, the sample determination of total flavonoids, including aluminum nitrate chromogenic method and direct color method, the sample determination of antioxidant flavonoids, including FRAP method and DPPH method.

样品总黄酮提取方法包括恒温水浴回流提取法和恒温水浴超声波提取法，样品总黄酮含量测定方法包括硝酸铝显色法和直接显色法，样品总黄酮抗氧化性测定方法包括FRAP法和DPPH法。

A method for detecting the presence of a target nucleic acid sequence in a sample, said method comprising subjecting said sample to an amplification reaction using a set of nucleotides, at least one of which is fluorescently labelled, contacting amplification product with a probe under conditions in which the probe will hybridise to said target sequence, said probe comprising a reactive molecule which is able to absorb fluorescence from or donate fluorescent energy to said fluorescent labelled nucleotide and monitoring fluorescence of said sample.

一种用于检测在某样品中是否存在目标核酸序列的方法，该方法包括：使用一套核苷酸对所说的样品进行扩增反应，其中至少一个核苷酸是被荧光标记的，在探针与目标序列杂交的条件下使扩增产物与探针混合，所说的探针包括一种活性分子，该活性分子能够从荧光标记核苷酸吸收荧光或向其贡献荧光能量，及检测样品的荧光。

At the beginning, an engineering method called semi-empirical reliability estimation method is introduced. Then, a detailed introduction of the bootstrap method, which has been widely applied to small sample reliability assessing since it was proposed in 1979, is made immediately. At last, a promoted virtual sample expanding method, that the reliability test sample size is expanded from 2-3 to 10, is proposed on the basis of predecessors research results. And the new method associated with bootstrap method is used to assess the test life lower limit in the case of logarithmic normal distribution.

首先阐述了处理极小子样可靠性评估问题较合理的一种工程处理方法—半经验可靠性评估方法，随后详细介绍了近年来在小子样可靠性评估领域发展迅速的Bootstrap方法，最后在前人研究成果的基础上提出了将样本数从n=2～3虚拟增广至n=10的虚拟增广样本推广方法，将该方法应用于服从对数正态分布的寿命总体，利用Bootstrap方法得到了试验寿命下限的估计，并与已有的半经验可靠性评估方法的结果作了比较分析。

In other words, the longer the grinding time of limonite sample was, the higher the sample temperature became, and the more the hydration water in sample lost, resulting in the improvement of total iron content.

所以规定当制备褐铁矿样品时，应采用研磨过程不产生过多热量而明显改变其化学成分的工艺，即研磨样品至－160 μm为宜，不需研磨至－100 μm，更不宜1次性连续研磨至－100 μm。

Determine with atomic spectrophotometer the plumbic content in sample of lacteal precious capsule, decide look, standard to lay in fluid to make up from sample metage, sample according to mathematical model, equation of regression of standard curve linear and repeat the calculation that measures 5 respects to undertake uncertainty of measurement.

用原子分光光度计测定乳珍胶囊样品中的铅含量，根据数学模型从样品称量、样品定容、标准储备液配制、标准曲线线性回归方程和重复测量5个方面进行测量不确定度的计算。

The sample proportion has mean and variance and (3.7) In Section 14.1.4 we show that for , and have covariance (3.8) The sample proportions have a large-sample multivariate normal distribution.

样品比例有手段和变化并且(3.7)在部分14.1.4 我们显示那为，和有协变性(3.8)样品比例有大样品多维分布的正常分配。

But I had a big philosophical difference with it and I didn't want to sell my freedom of choice .

但是我有自己的原则，我不像出卖自己选择的自由。

Rapeseed is a main oil crop worldwide and has become the third most important source of plant oil. It accounts for a considerable proportion of the cultivated oleiferous plants.

油菜是世界范围内重要的油料作物，是植物油脂的第三大来源，其种植面积和总产量在油料作物中占有相当大的比例。