查询词典 salt-free

During the process of long-time adaptive evolution, wetland plants adopted a series of special strategies to acclimate to salt stress. The main strategies are: 1 life history adjustment, e. g., to adjust seed germination time, implement seed dormancy and viviparity, and change reproductive manner to escape from direct salt stress, 2 morphological adjustment, e. g., to adjust biomass allocation pattern, age stem, defoliate, and carnify vegetative organs to isolate the redundant Na(superscript +) to the inactive-metabolism shoots or exclude the Na(superscript +)from tissues; 3 anatomic adjustment, e. g., to sink stoma, develop aerenchyma, and thicken cuticle and phellogen to maintain normal photosynthesis and respiration; 4 physiological and biochemical adjustment, e. g., to exclude and excrete salt, compartmentalize ions, adjust osmosis, do selective absorption, regulate hormones, and induce antioxidative enzymes to maintain the osmotic equilibrium and eliminate the active oxygen in cell; and 5 molecular level adjustment, e. g., to start up many salt-induced genes to regulate the metabolic responses to salt stress.

在长期的适应进化过程中，湿地植物形成了多种适应盐胁迫的策略，主要有：1生活史方面，植物可通过种子萌发时间的调整、种子体眠、胎生、繁殖方式的改变等逃避盐度的直接伤害；2形态学方面，植物可通过生物量分配模式的调整、茎的老化、落叶及营养器官的肉质化等将多余的Na隔离到代谢不活跃的茎中或将其排出体外；3解剖学方面，植物可通过气孔下陷、发达的通气组织、增加细胞木栓层、角质层及栅栏组织的厚度等以维持植物正常的光合作用和呼吸作用；4生理生化方面，植物可通过离子区隔化、拒盐、泌盐、选择性吸收、渗透调节、激素调节及抗氧化物酶的诱导等来维持细胞内正常的渗透压，清除胞内活性氧分子；5分子水平方面，植物可通过多种与盐胁迫相关的基因来调控细胞内的多种代谢反应。

In this paper, through a series of experiments, two series of quaternary-ammounium Gemini surfactants were synthesized, namely the pair alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant m-s-m·2Br and the pair the alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant -s-·2Br. We has carried on the attribute with the infrared spectrum to its structure, and to affected the factor which the synthesis pair the alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant responded to carry on the discussion. We has discovered the synthesis pair the ethylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant m-2-m·2Br optimum condition: The bromo alkane and a tetramethyl ethylene diamine mole of ratio is 3.0: 1.0, makes the solvent by the ethyl alcohol, 80℃ under responds for 48 hours in the backflow temperature; Synthesis pair alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant 12-S-12 ·2Br optimum condition: 12 tertiary amine and 1, 3- propylene dibromide (1, 4- two bromines butane) a mole of ratio is 2.2: 1.0, makes the solvent by the ethyl alcohol, responds for 48 hours in the constant temperature 80 ℃ under backflow.

本文通过一系列的实验，合成了两个系列的Gemini型表面活性剂，即双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂m-s-m·2Br和双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂-s-·2Br，用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征，并且对影响合成双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂反应的因素进行了讨论，找出了合成双乙撑双季铵盐表面活性剂m-2-m·2Br的最佳条件：溴代烷与四甲基乙二胺的摩尔比为3.0：1.0，以乙醇作溶剂，在回流温度80℃下反应48小时；合成双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂12-s-12·2Br的最佳条件：十二叔胺与1，3-二溴丙烷(1，4-二溴丁烷)摩尔比为2.2：1.0，以乙醇作溶剂，在恒温80℃下回流反应48小时。

At the same time, mature sheath still have the capacity of Cl~--exclusion.2 Alleviative effect of exogenous substance under salt stressThe salt tolerance of plant is a integrative mechanism, its fit to salt stress was multifarious, the salt tolerance of crop is a kind of complicated physiological mechanism that is the acted together result of genetic characteristic and exoteric condition, the alleviative effect on salt stress caused by exogenous substance was realize through different approach, so it is very difficult to explain the relation of exogenous substance and salt tolerance with a given index.

成熟叶叶鞘同时还具有拒Cl~-能力。2外源物质对盐胁迫的缓解作用植物的耐盐性是一种综合机制，其对盐胁迫的适应也是多种多样的，作物的耐盐性是一种相当复杂的生理功能，是遗传特性与外界环境共同作用的结果，不同的外源物质对盐胁迫的缓解作用是通过不同途径实现的，因而很难用某一个指标来说明外源物质与耐盐性的关系。

Various specialty salts for specific uses are available in stores: for example, tenderizer (salt fortified with enzymes such as papain, used to tenderize meat), salt enriched with sodium nitrate or a combination of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate (used to cure meats and as a preservative), and flavored salt (garlic salt, onion salt, celery salt, etc.).

各种的特制盐在商店可以买的到，例如：软化剂(盐加强与酵素作用，譬如木瓜蛋白酶使肉软嫩)，盐被用在与硝酸钠或硝酸钠和硝酸钾的混合(使用在加工保藏肉和作为防腐剂)，和调味盐(大蒜盐、葱盐、芹菜盐等)。

Well, after his Astonishment was a little over at this, I pointed to him to run and fetch the Bird I had shot, which he did, but stay'd some Time; for the Parrot not being quite dead, was flutter'd away a good way off from the Place where she fell; however, he found her, took her up, and brought her to me; and as I had perceivd his Ignorance about the Gun before, I took this Advantage to charge the Gun again, and not let him see me do it, that 1 might be ready for any other Mark that might present; but nothing more offer'd at that Time; so I brought home the Kid, and the same Evening I took the Skin off, and cut it out as well as I could; and having a Pot for that purpose, I boil'd, or stew'd some of the Flesh, and made some very good Broth; and after I had begun to eat some, I gave some to my Man, who seem'd very glad of it, and lik'd it very well; but that which was strangest to him, was, to see me eat Salt with it; he made a Sign to me, that the Salt was not good to eat, and putting a little into his own Mouth, he seem'd to nauseate it, and would spit and sputter at it, washing his Mouth with fresh Water after it; on the other hand, I took some Meat in my Mouth without Salt, and I pretended to spit and sputter for want of Salt, as fast as he had done at the Salt; but it would not do, he would never care for Salt with his Meat, or in his Broth; at least not a great while, and then but a very little.

这不由得使我经常想到，上帝对世事的安排，自有其天意，在其对自己所创造的万物的治理中，一方面他剥夺了世界上许多生物的才干和良知，另一方面，他照样赋予他们与我们文明人同样的能力，同样的理性，同样的感情，同样的善心和责任感，也赋予他们同样的嫉恶如仇的心理；他们与我们一样知道感恩图报，诚恳待人，忠贞不渝，相互为善。而且，当上帝给他们机会表现这些才干和良知时，他们和我们一样，立即把上帝赋予他们的才干和良知发挥出来做各种好事，甚至可以说比我们自己发挥得更充分。对此，我不能不感到惊讶。同时，想到这些，我又感到有些悲哀，因为许多事实证明，我们文明人在发挥这些才干和良知方面，反而显得非常卑劣。尽管我们不仅有能力，而且，我们受到上帝的教诲，上帝的圣灵和上帝的语言的启示，这使我们能有更深刻的认识。同时，我也感到奇怪，为什么上帝不给这成千上百万的生灵以同样的教诲和启示，使他们懂得赎罪的道理。我觉得，如果我以这可怜的野人作为判断的依据，那么，他们实在能比我们文明人做得更好。

Now 24 Salt Lake, mainly Chaerhan Salt Lake, tea cards Salt Lake, hoh Salt Lake, quint according to Salt Lake and so on, the average thickness of salt layers 4 to 8 meters, 60 meters thick, believed to be rich in salts and other chemicals element.

现在又24个盐湖，主要有察尔汗盐湖、茶卡盐湖、柯柯盐湖、昆特依盐湖等，盐层平均厚4～8米，最厚60米，蕴藏有丰富的盐类和其他化学元素。

Here the roads and houses are made of salt, undulant salt hills and salt bridges are amazing with moving vehicles on them to be surrounded by the vast and boundless salt sea… the Great Salt Lake full of glittering and translucent crystal shining under the sunlight, does give you a sense of crystal palace with the snow-covered peaks as the background.

真像到了盐的世界：路是盐铺的，房子是盐盖的，起伏不断的是盐山，望不到边的是盐海，汽车驶过的是盐桥……走进了大盐湖，阳光一照，满湖满湖的"水晶"，晶莹夺目，光彩照人，加上远处的冰峰雪山，使人感到好像走进了"水晶宫"一样！

Salt belongs to mandatory planning, execute specialize in, industrial salt belongs to guiding plan, the contract is ordered, but the industrial salt that directiveness plans is regarded as likely at any time salt illicit is sold, specialize in to salt brought very great difficulty.

食盐属指令性计划，实行专营，工业盐属指导性计划，合同订购，但指导性计划的工业盐随时都有可能被当作食盐私销，给食盐专营带来了很大的难度。

Taking for example the salt rhythms of the Qianjiang Formation in the Qianjiang Sag of the Jianghan Basin (which is a typical Paleogene saline lacustrine basin in eastern China), through a detailed study on cores, the authors have determined for the first time the Ⅳ-order salt rhythm based on Ⅰ-,Ⅱ-and Ⅲ-order salt rhythms which were determined previously and got to know that the sedimentary process following the sequence of desalinizing→salinizing and crystallization of salt minerals from halite rock→(mud-bearing) glauberite rock→dolomite-bearing mudstone (mud-bearing doloston)→mudstone→doloston→glauberite rock→halite rock. The authors also analyzed the Ⅳ-order salt rhythm and the correspondence between its sedimentary records and the fluctuation of the palaeosalinity of waters and the short-scale (0.05~1.0 ka duration) change of dry-moist palaeoclimate.

本文以我国东部独具特色的古近纪古盐湖盆地－江汉盆地的潜江凹陷潜江组盐韵律为例，通过对王平1、王云10-6、王80-2等3口井连续取心段的精细研究，在前人划分Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级盐韵律的基础上，首次划分出组成含盐层系基础韵律单元－Ⅳ级盐韵律，弄清了它的沉积过程基本遵循从石盐岩→钙芒硝岩→含白云石泥岩→泥岩→白云岩→钙芒硝岩→石盐岩的淡化－咸化序列和盐类矿物的析出顺序；解析了Ⅳ级盐韵律及其沉积组合记录与水体古盐度波动和短尺度(0.05~1.0 ka)古气候干湿变化之间的对应关系。

Experimental result makes clear:(K2SO4 of 1) this system, leonite, what the salt such as Langbenite and MgSO4.H2O can form primary nucleus is primary the area that become salt and area of deliquescent balance photograph are put in apparent deviate, among them K2SO4 narrows into saline area, and the accretion that Leonite and MgSO4.H2O crystallization area all have different rate;(2) is evaporating in crystallization process, the existence that plants into saline brilliant makes the area becoming salt of this salt is compared primary the area that become salt expands somewhat because;(3) becomes saline division patulous, salify area appears the crisscross of different level.

实验结果表明：(1)该体系K2SO4，Leonite，langbenite和MgSO4.H2O等盐能够形成初级晶核的初级成盐区和溶解平衡相区存在明显偏离，其中K2SO4成盐区域缩小，而Leonite和MgSO4.H2O结晶区域均有不同程度的增大；(2)在蒸发结晶过程中，成盐晶种的存在使该盐的成盐区比初级成盐区有所扩展；(3)由于成盐区的扩展，使成盐区域出现不同程度的交错。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。