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Using Eriochome cyanine R staining, we found that Al accumulation on surface of root tips was positive related to the inhibition of root growth in treatments of 0 - 80μmol·L~(-1) Al for 24 h. Exchangeable Al in apoplast and symplasm of root tips of wheat was effectively desorbed by 5 mmol·L~(-1) CaCl_2 at 4℃.

铬化青R染色可以原位显示0-80μmol·L~(-1)Al处理后根尖表面Al的吸附量与根尖伸长受抑制程度具有很好的一致性。5mmol·L~(-1) CaCl_2溶液可以有效洗脱10和40μmol·L~(-1)Al处理24小时后小麦根尖质外体和共质体中可交换态Al。

The root system in the cortex of the host stem has a few branches and highly simplified stele of original triarch vascular bundles. The haustrium root system, which is from the root system in the cortex of a host stem enters the vascular tissues as finger-like body from the vascular rays and then to become hyphae-like body among the vascular cells.

皮层根有少数分枝，无次生结构，中柱结构高度简化，从胚根的结构可看出其初生木质部原先是三原型的；吸器根从皮层根上发生，进入寄主维管射线中，再进入维管组织内，并形成许多丝状体。

RCT can be divided into 3 steps, including root canal preparation, root canal disinfection, and root canal obstruction, of which the canal obstruction is very important, for the treatment efficiency will be greatly affected with uncondensed or mislocated obstruction.

根管充填的作用很重要，如果根充不密合、根充不到位等，均会影响根管治疗的成功率。

Catarium that is naturally decomposed outdoors has an inhibitive effect on cabbage seed germination. While the inhibition effect increases with increase in extract concentration, it, however, decreases with decomposition time. With regards to the length of cabbage root, 0.1 g·mL-l aquatic extract of E. catarium inhibits root growth at every decomposition stage. With the exception of undecomposed E. catarium , other concentration extracts during decomposition enhances root growth. Aquatic extract from E. catarium also enhances cabbage stem growth.

滤纸培养皿试验结果表明：假臭草植株提取液对小白菜种子发芽的抑制作用随浓度增大而增大，且随植株分解时间的延长而逐渐减弱；就幼苗根长而言，不同分解时期0.1 g·mL-l的假臭草提取液对根长均表现为抑制作用，除未分解的假臭草以外，其他时期其他浓度的假臭草提取液对根系生长均有促进作用；假臭草提取液对小白菜茎长总体表现为促进作用。

Results:Fitfilling 392 Root canals(92.24%),underfilling 23 root canals(5.41%),abovefilling 10 root canals.

结果：适充392个根管（92.24%），欠充23个根管（5.41%），超充10个根管（2.35%）。

The results showed that in the growth period of R. glutinosa, soil ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin contents had a persistent increase, while β-hydroxybenzoic acid content increased first but decreased then. The addition of ferulic acid (8 μg·ml-1), vanillic acid (08 μg·ml-1), vanillin (12 μg·ml-1), and β-hydroxybenzoic acid (30 μg·ml-1) in water culture had stronger inhibitory effects on R. glutinosa root length, root mass, fresh plant mass, and plant height. Treating with test phenolic acids except β-hydroxybenzoic acid increased leaf chlorophyll content significantly, compared with the control. After treated with test phenolic acids, plant SOD and POD activities decreased after an initial increase, and plant malondialdehyde content increased. In the treatment of ferulic acid, root SOD and POD activities were the lowest, and roots were rotted and dead.

结果表明：阿魏酸、香草酸和香草醛含量在地黄生长期表现为持续增加，而对羟基苯甲酸含量先升高后降低；外加阿魏酸（8 μg·ml-1）、香草酸（0.8 μg·ml-1）、香草醛（1.2 μg·ml-1）和对羟基苯甲酸（3.0 μg·ml-1）对水培地黄根长、根质量、全株鲜质量和株高有较强的抑制作用；酚酸处理使地黄叶片叶绿素含量降低，除对羟基苯甲酸外差异性极显著；经过酚酸处理的地黄幼苗SOD和POD活性为先升高后下降，丙二醛含量升高，其中阿魏酸的处理使根中酶活性降至最低，根部腐烂死亡。

As compared with the traditional irrigation-traditional fertilization, the following results of the improved optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization were obtained: significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency; the like tiller number per unit area, percentage of the tiller ear number/the tiller number, the ear number per unit area, the greatly reduced grain number per ear, and significantly heavier weight of 1, 000 grains; a trifle taller plants; shorter base internode length, a bit more weight per unit internode length, longer internode length under ear; almost the same LAI values in middle and later stages; coincident process of dry matter accumulation from straight growth onwards, a little more dry matter accumulation amount from earing to maturity; a little longer flag leaf, 2〓 leaf, 3〓 leaf (but the three leaves were shorter than those of the optimized irrigation-traditional fertilization) and shorter 4〓 leaf from top, a bit reduced total area of these leaves; almost the same leaf thickness, mean canopy leaf tilt angle, light extinction coefficient , ratio of light penetration in the upper, middle and lower parts of the wheat canopy, and fair plant type; almost the same senescence process of flag leaf; and increased root amount in 0-120cm soil layer and smaller rate of progressive decrease of the root length density and root weight density with soil getting deep, which can strengthen the resistance to adverse conditions such as water stress in the later stage.

在优化水肥条件下，冬小麦总分蘖数、成穗率及单位面积穗数与传统水肥比较接近，但穗粒数显著减少，千粒重显著提高；株高稍有增加；基部节间长度缩短，充实度略微增高，穗下节间增长；中后期LAI与传统水肥的LAI值基本吻合；起身至成熟干物质积累量动态变化过程与传统水肥十分接近，但抽穗至成熟所形成的干物质量增加；上三叶变长（但上三叶长度增加幅度小于优化灌溉-传统施肥处理），倒4叶变短，总叶面积略有减少；叶片厚度、冠层平均叶倾角、消光系数、冠层各层的透光率与传统水肥差异很小，株型较好；旗叶叶绿素含量动态变化与传统水肥十分接近；0-120cm土层的总根量明显增加，上层根群和深层根群的差异最小，有利于提高小麦后期的抗逆力。

Bidentis were studied by adopting indoor bioassay. The results showed that the volatile matter of F. bidentis had not allelopathy to four receptor plants. The eluviated matter inhibited seedling growth of cotton obviously, the inhibition ratio of root and stem were 6.29% and 10.42% respectively. The aqueous extract of litterfall and root exudates had different inhibition to four receptor plants, The synthesis effectof all treatments was significantly greater than eluviated matter treatment except for B3 of the aqueous extract of root exudates, such as the synthesis effect of all treatments (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3 and eluviation) were 44.74, 29.37, 14.5, 31.54, 16.52, 3.55, 1.48 respectively.

结果显示：黄顶菊自然挥发物对受体植物不表现化感作用；黄顶菊淋溶物对棉花幼苗生长表现出明显的抑制作用，对棉花幼苗高度和根长的抑制率分别为6.29%和10.42%；黄顶菊枯落物浸提液和根系分泌物浸提液对4种受体植物均表现出不同程度的抑制作用，除了黄顶菊根系分泌物浸提液 B3处理外，其它处理的综合效应均显著大于淋溶物处理，如黄顶菊枯落物浸提液（ A1、 A2、 A3）、根系分泌物浸提液（ B1、 B2、 B3）以及淋溶物等各处理对受体植物的综合效应分别为44.74、29.37、14.5、31.54、16.52、3.55、1.48。

There are some AChR plaques of morphological abnormality, and no contact sites of N-CAM with AChR although the intensity and scope of N-CAM staining is increased.D: Yiqi Huayu Recipe-treated group on the 20th day after L5 nerve root compression. All the AChR sites are reoccupied by N-CAM and the morphology of AChR are restored. E: Untreated group on the 30th day after lumbar nerve root compression. AChR plaques display irregularity in shape, with a few round or spindle shaped cupulae. Meanwhile, some N-CAM stainings are still shown to be around the AChR. F: Yiqi Huayu Recipe-treated group on the 30th day after L5 nerve root compression.

随着时间的推移，AChR斑的形态渐趋规则，N-CAM反应也逐步增强，至造模后20 d达到最高峰，但益气化瘀方组仍然明显优于模型组，其不仅在数值上超过了胚胎期大鼠，且与AChR全部重叠；而模型组仍可见到不少重叠不全且形态异常的AChR斑。L5神经根受压后30 d，N-CAM的表达水平开始下降，基本局限于终板区内，其下降速度和范围在益气化瘀方组明显大于模型组；模型组不仅N-CAM的表达明显高于益气化瘀方组，且仍能见到一些成熟不全的AChR斑；而益气化瘀方组AChR斑形态已接近于正常。

There are some AChR plaques of morphological abnormality, and no contact sites of NCAM with AChR although the intensity and scope of NCAM staining is increased.D: Yiqi Huayu Recipetreated group on the 20th day after L5 nerve root compression. All the AChR sites are reoccupied by NCAM and the morphology of AChR are restored. E: Untreated group on the 30th day after lumbar nerve root compression. AChR plaques display irregularity in shape, with a few round or spindle shaped cupulae. Meanwhile, some NCAM stainings are still shown to be around the AChR. F: Yiqi Huayu Recipetreated group on the 30th day after L5 nerve root compression.

随着时间的推移，AChR斑的形态渐趋规则，NCAM反应也逐步增强，至造模后20 d达到最高峰，但益气化瘀方组仍然明显优于模型组，其不仅在数值上超过了胚胎期大鼠，且与AChR全部重叠；而模型组仍可见到不少重叠不全且形态异常的AChR斑。L5神经根受压后30 d，NCAM的表达水平开始下降，基本局限于终板区内，其下降速度和范围在益气化瘀方组明显大于模型组；模型组不仅NCAM的表达明显高于益气化瘀方组，且仍能见到一些成熟不全的AChR斑；而益气化瘀方组AChR斑形态已接近于正常。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷