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This paper is on the basis of analysedding and summarized that these projects were blown up and tested materials in the past, use fracture mechanics, the dynamics blast theory and finite element analytical method, have carried on the system, detailed analysis and describes to this kind of method of blasting, proving theoretically that can cut the base rock effectively in this kind of method of blasting, reduce base blowing up stress value inside the rock , play and protect underpart base rock blow up into the function influenced in vibration, and blew up mechanism and analysed the main influence factor blown up according to it, had put forward the rational optimization measure to the relevant parameter when implementedding and blown up .

本文在分析总结以往这些工程爆破试验资料的基础上，运用断裂力学、爆破动力学理论及有限元分析方法，对这种爆破方法进行了系统、详细的分析及论述，从理论上证明此种爆破方法可以有效地切割基岩面，降低基岩内部的爆破应力值，起到保护下部基岩不受爆破振动影响的作用，并根据其爆破机理分析了爆破的主要影响因素，对实施爆破时的相关参数提出了合理的优化措施。

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Identification and forecasting for igneous rock is one hard problem of exploration activity, because it has extreme aeolotropism. By firstly synthetically utilizing seismic analysis, well logging restricted inversion, core well core and electric log analysis method and so on, the igneous rock reservoir of Gaoqing oilfield is effectively identified and divided into one to four four phases according to igneous rock erupting phase.

由于火成岩具有极强的非均质性，对其识别与预测是油气勘探的难题之一，首次综合使用地震分析、测井约束反演、取心井岩心与电测曲线分析等技术和方法，有效地识别了高青油田火成岩储集体，并根据火成岩喷发期次，将高青油田孔店组火成岩储集体分为1、2、3、4期。

Thermodynamics calculation of fluid/rock interaction illustrates that the sea water is heated and causes K-feldsparthization of rock when it is descending, and the hot fluid is cooled when it is moving and erupting and causes albitization of rock.

通过流体—岩石平衡反应的热力学计算，首次提出本区碱交代作用可能的机制：在水—岩反应过程中，下降的海水由于被加热，使岩石发生钠长石化；热的流体在运移和喷出过程中，随着温度的降低，使岩石发生钾长石化。

The activated or leached process and their influence elements are studied by 1DREACT software package of coupled mass/heat transfer and chemical reaction dynamics of water-rock interaction, according to the geological and geochemical characters of fine disseminated gold deposits.(1) Water-rock reaction time is not the important influence element of activating gold;(2) At first, activating capability of hydrothermal solution increases with the increasing of total sulfur activity; after lga〓≥-4, the content of activated gold in solution is mainly related to original content of gold in wall rock, and does not visibly dependent on total sulfur activity.(3) It is a complicated nonlinear process of influence of activating gold capacity of hydrothermal solution with the change of temperature, in general, 220 ℃ is most favorable to gold activation.(4) The influence of oxygen fugacity on gold activation has a multiple functions coupling nonlinear effect, in general, Igfo〓=-41 is most favorable to gold activation.(5) Solubility of gold in fluid decreases with the increasing of velocity of flow, the product of velocity and aurous solubility reaches maximum when velocity is 0.2～0.5m〓m〓. yr〓, i. e. this scope of velocity is most favorable to gold activation.

利用1DREACT水-岩相互作用反应-输运耦合动力学软件包，根据微细浸染型金矿床地质地球化学特征，计算机模拟研究了金的活化、浸取过程及其影响因素，发现：(1)金活化过程中水-岩反应时间不是其主要制约因素；(2)热液对金的活化能力开始随总硫活度的增高而增高，当lg a〓≥-4后，热液中活化金的含量将主要与围岩中金的初始丰度有关，而对总硫活度无明显依赖关系；(3)温度对热液浸金能力的影响是一个复杂的非线性过程，总体而言，220℃最有利于金的活化；(4)氧逸度对金活化的影响呈现出一种多因素叠加的非线性效应，总体而言，lgfo〓＝-41最有利于金的活化与浸取；(5)流体中金的浓度随流体流速的加快而降低，流速与金浓度的乘积在流速为0.2～0.5m〓m〓。yr〓时达到极大，即0.2～0.5m〓m〓。yr〓的流速范围最有利于本类矿床的金的活化。

The results show that the displacement of rock body may change direction in regulative distortion phase, the displacement presents periodicity according to the storing and the destroy of the energy of rock distortion, the quantity of displacement of the top is more than that of the bottom, the quantity of displacement and the destroy periodicity of the reinforced terrane infused plasm are less than that of the irreinforced terrane infused plasm, the convergence of bordroom is the displacement of certain thickness wall rock of surface layer.

得出：岩体在调整变形阶段可能改变位移方向，岩石破坏呈现周期性，洞室边墙上部比边墙脚位移大；注浆加固后的岩层比未加固岩层的位移小，破坏周期短；洞室的收敛只是表层一定厚度的围岩位移的外在表现，收敛层外岩体向山体方向移动；加固破碎围岩的关键技术是按照工程所处应力场，充分考虑加固层周围地质构造影响，设计加固层的厚度和加固闭合拱。

It is inportant to understand the limitations of rock mass classification schemes（Palmstrom and Broch,2006）and that their use does notreplace some of the more elaborate design procedures.However,the use of these design procedures requires access to relatively detailed information on in situ stresses,rock mass properties and planned excavation sequence,none of which may be available at an early stage in the project.As this information becomes available,the use of the rock mass classification schemes should be updated and used in conjunction with site specfic analyses.

最重要的是理解的限制(Palmstrom岩体划分方案及Broch，2006年)，他们的使用不部分的取代更多精心设计的程序然而，使用这些设计程序需要获得相对的详细资料，对原位应力、围岩特性和计划挖掘序列中，所有这些都是极有可能在早期的工程这个信息，利用岩体的分类方案应更新，并结合现场应用光学分析。

The strength of rock material has the characteristics of random distribution. Combined with Mohr′s criteria, theory result is acquired to analyse the variation in strength of rock material by use of damage mechanics. By comparing this theory result with a group of experiment data on Carrara marble, it is shown that the damage mechanics model is suitable for describing the constitute property of rock material.

首先论述岩石材料强度的概率统计特性，结合经典的莫尔准则，利用损伤力学理论分析了岩石强度随围压的变化，给出了三轴应力状态下的岩石本构关系的表达式，并与Carrara大理岩在各种围压下的应力-应变曲线进行对比。

Based on the analyse and evaluation of some destroyed models of bedded rock and massive rock and cataclastic rock,which is in the high-level road in the mountainous area,and combined with the engineering examples,the author put forward synthetic preventing measures,emphasized on the discussing on new methods, planting grass and anchor-shotcrete.

通过对山区高等级公路边坡中层状岩体、块状岩体和散体碎裂岩体的不同破坏模式进行分析评价，结合工程实例，提出公路边坡综合防护措施，重点论述植草防护、锚杆喷射砼防护等新型防护形式，为山区和相似地质条件地区公路建设提供参考和借

The results show that these gravel silty clays distributed at the range between the rock slope with an altitude lower than 190m and the rock platform with an altitude about 140-150m are formed from sliding; and that those gravel silty clays distributed above 190m of the rock surface are residual, colluvial and talus deposits; and that the gravel sand layer located along Zhuxi River is a kind of alluvial deposit.

研究结果表明：分布在基岩面高程190m以下的斜坡与基岩面高程140~150m平台上的粉质黏土夹碎石土层是由滑坡作用形成的；分布在基岩面高程190m以上的粉质黏土夹碎石土层是由崩积、残积及坡积作用形成的；卵石砂土层是苎溪河的冲积作用形成的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。