查询词典 rock-firm

Because of complex tectonic boundary condition and high stress environment in deep rock mass,surrounding rock has intrinsic characteristics,which will damage caused by stress redistribution in excavation of deep-buried tunnel .

随着细观损伤岩体力学的发展，采用损伤观点解决深埋隧道围岩破坏问题逐渐显示出其优越性，但目前仅在均质性假设的基础上对应力状态和破坏判据进行研究，缺乏对其破坏全过程的相关研究。

By analyzing surrounding rock instability caused by tunnel excavation, surrounding rock instability of deep-buried tunnels is considered as a sudden failure phenomenon, which possesses nonlinearity and discontinuity obviously and shows the uncertainty of mechanical deformation property, nonlinearity of constitutive relationship and catastrophe of failure process.

在分析隧道开挖引起围岩失稳基础上，认为深埋隧道围岩的失稳是一种突发破坏现象，具有明显的非线性和不连续性质，主要表现在力学变形性质的不确定性、本构关系的非线性和破坏过程中的突变性。

Based on the total potential energy principle, the cusp catastrophic model for instability and failure of deep-buried tunnel surrounding rock is established. Through the observed data of settlement values of typical section vault of deep-buried tunnel and the sudden threshold values of displacement of each monitoring section, the variable values of vault settlement function are obtained, and the stability of deep surrounding rock in tunnel is decided.

运用突变理论探讨了深埋隧道失稳的机制；根据总势能原理，建立了隧道失稳的尖点突变模型，导出了失稳的力学判据条件；并基于深埋隧道典型断面拱顶下沉量现场量测的数据，计算出拱顶下沉函数的各变量值，由各监测断面位移突变阀值来判别深埋隧道围岩的稳定性，分析结果与实际施工围岩情况一致。

On the basis of the analysis of the above factors on rock burst, this paper point out that careful geology investigation is a key point for the rational assessment of rock burst of deep-lying long tunnels.

文中对上述因素对岩爆的影响进行了分析，并指出精细的地面地质调查是合理评价深埋长隧道岩爆的基础。

The SiO2 content of the dike swarms varies from 50.22% to 61.10% and they are basic-intermediate rock series, mainly basic. The Al2O3 content is generally higher than 15% and they are high aluminum basaltic rocks. The lower magnesium index (Mg#=42.77~62.28) and TiO2 content (0.97~2.41%) illuminate that they suffered magnesium-iron minerals' fractional crystallization and that they did not crystallize from original basaltic magma. The values of Na2O/K2O are all above 1, indicating lower K character. Chemically discriminated, these dike swarms are sub-alkaline rock series.

岩墙群的SiO2含量为50.22~61.10%，属于基性和中基性岩类，以基性为主；它们的A12O3含量普遍高于15%，属高铝玄武岩类；具有较低的镁指数（Mg#=42.77~62.28）及TiO2含量（0.97~2.41%），说明它们经历了镁铁质矿物的结晶分异作用，也指示它们不是由原始玄武岩浆结晶；Na2O/K2O都大于1，显示出低钾的特点；岩石化学判别，岩墙群岩石属亚碱性系列。

Our result shows that the best double couple solution of this Mw5.2 event is 315°,64°and 19°for strike,dip and slip angles respectively,the second nodal plane solution is 214°,74°, and 152°.The focal depth is 25±2km,suggesting that this quake occurred in the lower crust which is much deeper than most continental earthquakes.This lower crust earthquake requires that the rock should be colder than expected.We proposed generation mechanism of this deep earthquake and its implications in rock strength and thermal state.

我们以此速度结构作为模型，利用中国国家地震台网5个台站的宽频带地震数据，采用CAP方法反演2003年8月16日赤峰地震震源机制解并初步确定震源深度：再利用IRIS 9个台站远震体波数据，通过对比高频(0.7～2.0Hz)理论地震图和观测记录的方法进一步精确确定震源深度并验证反演得到的机制解，得出此次地震矩震级为5.2，震源机制解为：节面I：315°/64°/19°，节面Ⅱ：216°/74°/152°，震源深度为25±2km，已深达下地壳。

This paper researches into the development process of dynamics of rock and soil mass in the view of science phylogeny supported by hundreds of relative bibliographies drawing the systematic frame of dynamics of rock and soil mass.

本文从科学发展史的角度研究了岩土体动力学的发展过程，通过数百篇文献的搜集和综述，从不同的侧面反映了岩土体动力学的研究历史和现状，勾画了岩土体动力学理论研究和工程应用的体系框架。

The dynamic model reveals the dynamic action of drillstring-bit-rock system. It is instructive to design new rock bit and study drilling mechanics.

本文中建立的动力学模型能较好的描述钻柱—钻头—岩石系统的动态行为，对于新型钻头的设计以及钻井力学研究都有着较好的指导意义。

It can predict the long-distance geological conditions tunnel driving face: such as soft rock, the geological fault zone and tectonic belt. In general, it can accurately and effectively predict the range of 100 ~ 150m in front of the tunnel driving face, while in the hard rock can be as long as 200m. It can provide detailed geological information for the tunnel construction, and ensure the safety and quality of tunnel construction.

它能长距离的预报隧道施工掌子面前方的地质情况：如软弱岩层、断层构造带以及不良地质地带，在一般的岩层中可以准确预报的有效范围为100～150m，在坚硬岩层中可高达200m，能为隧道工程的施工提供详细的地质资料，保障隧道施工的安全和质量。

"Druse:a crust of tiny crystals lining a rock cavity, usually composed of the same minerals that occur in the rock."

&晶簇：嵌于岩石洞穴的小晶簇，一般由与岩石相同的矿物成分组成。&

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。