查询词典 risk-free

This paper quantitates financial risk by constituting the model of measurement financial risk. And the samples are from the public companies'merger and acquisition from 2002 to 2005, this paper demonstrates perfectly the influence of financial risk of acquisition companies from different payment methods. The result of test analysis shows: in one side, the theory of risk-return is unfit in China (by being educed conclusions by other students: different payment methods bring different return, then the author detrusions different payment methods bringing different financial risk, and being tested direct proportion each other); in the other side, this paper answers different payment methods bringing different degree financial risk of acquisition companies: the smallest financial risk from cash payment method, the mean from commingle payment method, the biggest from stock payment method, which can supply reference in the choice of rational companies between payment methods and financial risk .

通过建立企业财务风险度量模型，将企业财务风险量化，并以中国上市公司2002年—2005年间的并购案中所采用的支付方式为样本，对我国上市公司并购中不同支付方式对并购方财务风险的影响做一个较系统、完善的实证检验，一方面从理论上验证了风险-收益理论的在我国的不具有适用性（通过对前人研究结论：不同支付方式带来不同收益，进而反推不同支付方式带来不同的财务风险，验证得出二者成正比关系）；另一方面回答在我国目前市场条件下并购中的不同支付方式引起收购公司不同程度的财务风险，其中现金支付方式下给收购公司带来的财务风险最小；混合支付次之，股票支付方式下财务风险最大，能给企业在并购时选择支付方式与财务风险的最佳组合提供参考。

This paper first in introduction in have analysed commercial bank financial risk the necessariness of avoiding , then the meaning for commercial bank financial risk have made simple expound , and have discussed commercial bank financial risk the importance that avoided , then, have enumerated the 4 expression types of commercial bank financial risk, the 3th in paper is partial to have analysed the external reason and internal reason that produces financial risk , avoids idea and establishment finally since cultivating commercial bank financial risk to improve suitable accounting management system , found financial risk the supervisor guarantee that avoided systematic, perfect risk disclosure and report system and raising the 5 aspects such as the quality of bank people have discussed commercial bank financial risk emphatically avoid strategy.

本文首先在绪论中分析了商业银行财务风险规避的必要性，接着对商业银行财务风险的含义作了简单的阐明，并论述了商业银行财务风险规避的重要性，然后列举了商业银行财务风险的四个表现类型，在论文的第三部份分析了产生财务风险的外部原因与内部原因，最后从培育商业银行财务风险规避观念、建立健全适宜的会计管理体制、构建财务风险规避的监督保障系统、完善风险披露和报告制度及提高银行人员的素质等五个方面着重论述了商业银行财务风险的规避策略。

What article base oneself upon builds a project at mouth of Chinese sea outport is actual, from inside, outside two angle are formed to the risk respectively undertook labor, the exterior risk that thinks abroad haven builds a project basically includes natural risk, politics risk, law hazard, economy risk and social environment venture 5 kinds big, and in-house risk basically includes material and technical risk, equipment venture, construction risk, management venture 4 kinds big.

本文立足于中国海外港口建设项目的实际，从内、外两个角度分别对风险构成进行了具体分析，认为海外港口建设项目的外部风险主要包括自然风险、政治风险、法律风险、经济风险和社会环境风险五大类，而内部风险主要包括技术风险、材料和设备风险、施工风险、管理风险四大类。

Exploration of the macro-management in agricultural risk:(1) Discern and define risk patterns and risk system with open complex giant system theory, then summarize four major risk systematic patterns: Namely systematic levels of risk distribution, risk convergent sport, risk transmit sport and risk scatteration.

农业风险宏观管理的探索：（1）用开放的复杂巨系统理论来定义风险系统和识别风险运动规律，总结概括出了风险系统运动的四大规律：即风险分布的系统层次性、风险发生发展过程的汇聚规律、风险运动的系统传递规律和风险系统中的风险扩散规律。

This article analyzes the derivativescharacter of unbind and divert risk, points out derivatives can manage mixed risk of credit risk and market risk effectively as a new risk management instrument prior to the conditional ones, and explores the techniques of hedge which are used to manage credit risk, interest ratio risk, exchange rate risk to decrease risk and upgrade efficiency.

然后从金融衍生产品能够将混合在一起的风险进行分散并转移的特性着手，先对金融衍生品的避险功能进行分析，明确其对混合在一起的信用风险和市场风险进行有效的防范，是一种优于传统的风险管理方式的风险管理手段。

It tells particularly the debris flow"s the encironment and the development characteristic by numbers . And according to its character , selecting the latest research results at present , the anthor calculates the debris flow"s the moving , dynamical characteristics and the scale , such as , the velocity of flow , the wallop , the peak value flux , and the total flux . And the anthor calculates density in different design frequency by the empirical formula method . In the text, the author uses the modle of evaluating a single gully to evaluate the risk of the debris flow . First , the author calculates the hazard degree in different design frequency , and forecasts the risk range of debris flow in Shenjia gully based on the maximum pile thickness and the total solid amount of a denbris flow . Then , on the basis of the risk range in different design frequency , the author carries out the damageability and risk assessment . The basic purpose of risk management is reducing risk or transferring risk , reducing the loss of life and property . The text constructs the system of risk management of debris flow in Shenjia gully , basis on the condition of Shenjia gully .

本文从地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造、气象水文等方面系统地阐述了深家沟泥石流的发育环境及发育特征；分别从形成区、流通区、堆积区对深家沟流域特征进行描述；依据泥石流沟自身特点，选用现阶段最新的研究成果，推算了不同设计频率下的深家沟泥石流流速、峰值流量、总流量、冲击力等动力特征和规模数据；并且根据经验公式法来确定深家沟不同设计频率下的泥石流容重；本文采用单沟泥石流风险评价模型对深家沟泥石流进行风险评价，首先对不同的设计频率下的深家沟泥石流进行危险度评价，根据最大堆积厚度与一次泥石流冲出量来预测不同频率下的泥石流危险范围，然后，根据预测的评估范围，评价对应范围内的易损度，最后作出风险评价；城镇泥石流风险管理的根本目的是降低风险或转移风险，减少生命财产的损失，本论文根据泸定深家沟泥石流的具体情况，构建了深家沟泥石流风险管理体系。

The thought of slope safety and landslide prevention based on risk management processes is discussed from the risk factors identification, risk assessment, risk control, and risk prevention measures of the landslide in this paper, and it is pointed out that the risk management technique is a efficient method, which helps manager to cope with the possible risk preparedly and rationally and to adopt measures to reduce the risk in a maximum limit and finally to avoid and reduce the loss of property finally.

从滑坡的风险因素识别、风险评价、风险控制、滑坡风险防范措施等风险管理流程入手，对基于风险管理技术的边坡安全与滑坡预防思想进行了论述，指出应用风险管理技术是帮助管理者有准备地、理性地面对所可能遇见的风险，并采取措施最大限度地减少风险，最终减少或避免财产损失和人员伤亡的预防手段。

Finally puts forth the concrete measures about how to prevent the risk, namely avoidances the risk through giving up risk program and activity of business, and releasing risk unit and person, transfers the risk through insurance, guarantee, business agency and exonerating responsibility with contracts, quasi-prevents risk damage through perfecting information system, strengthening management on institution, strengthening encouragement, alleviating staffs pressure and strengthening enterprise"s cultural construction, inhibits risk damage through taking prevention measures before and after the risk events, so can prevent the risk greatly, and helps realizing enterprise"s general goal.

最后提出了企业人力资源管理风险防范的具体对策，即通过放弃风险项目和活动及免除风险单位和个体等对策回避风险，通过保险、担保、业务外包和开脱责任合同等对策转移风险，通过完善信息系统、加强制度管理、加强激励、缓解员工压力和加强企业文化建设等对策预防风险损失，通过采取风险事前对策和事后对策抑制风险损失，从而最大限度发挥风险防范的作用，为企业实现总体目标保驾护航。

From the point of practice and dvelopment, how to impove the ability of credit risk management for Yinchuan city commercial bank is discussed surrounding the client raiting and credit extention, measures of credit risk, management strategies of credit risk, conclusions of the paper are listed as the following:Through positive analysis, the current methods of client rating and credit extension is simple and convenient for application, there are four disadvantages in index system of it: non-customer subdivision, non-consideration factors on industrial risks, larger quantitative indicators ratio, non-consideration factors on affiliated enterprise risk, and some corrective measures are put forward to solve it, customer subdivision, factors-added on industrial risks, set stationarity indices ratio in reason, factors-added on affiliated enterprise risk; From the point of development, Based on the technology of Value-at-Risk and CreditMetrics model we discussed the methods of credit risk analysis and measurement and gave the example of how to calculate the VaR value of individual loan and combined loan; This paper probes into the strategies which raise the ability of credit risk management for Yinchuan city commercial bank from five aspects, including strengthen the inner control, improve the technique level of risk management through information technique, solve the problem of non-performing loan, adjust the credit orientation and structure, foster credit culture with its core based on risk control.

从实践和发展的角度出发，围绕客户评级授信、信贷风险测量、信贷风险管理策略三个方面，就如何提高银川市商业银行信贷风险管理水平展开研究，得出以下结论：通过实证分析，银川市商业银行现有的客户评级授信方法具有方法简单、易于推广的优点，但客户评级授信指标体系具有客户分组不细、未考虑行业风险因素、定量指标占比过大、未考虑关联企业风险因素的缺点，应通过细化客户分组，增加行业风险因素指标、合理设定定性指标比重、增加关联企业风险评价指标等措施进行改进；从发展的角度出发，在基于VaR框架和CreditMetrics模型技术的基础上，探讨了银川市商业银行信贷风险分析和度量的方法，给出了采用CreditMetrics模型技术计算单笔贷款、组合贷款VAR值的例子；从五个角度探讨了提高银川市商业银行信贷风险管理能力的策略和手段，包括强化信贷风险内控管理机制、利用信息技术提高信贷风险管理技术水平、综合治理化解不良资产、调整信贷结构、建立以风险控制为核心的信贷文化等对策。

The risk of network finance is interrelates with technology closely. Besides the traditional risk such as credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk, network financial institutions also bear the peculiar risk i.e. operation risk, prestige risk and law risk.

网络金融风险与技术密切相关，网络金融机构除具有传统的信用风险、流动性风险及市场风险外，还要承担其特有的操作风险、信誉风险和法律风险。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。