查询词典 risk function

The fractional structure of the objective function maximizing RAROC makes it difficult to be solved. We noticed that in real financial practice, the expected return function and risk function of the portfolio are often homogeneous with the amount of investment.

根据RAROC的分式结构，以及回报函数和风险函数通常是关于投资额的齐次函数，将分式优化问题转化为对其分母的最优化。

Because constructing the fuzzy function is aim at every target of financial risk dividedly, the fuzzy function constructed has target and is a quantitative member belongs to [0,1]. Thus the constructing of function has more objective, and better reflect the unified target .

因为构造出的模糊函数是分别针对金融风险的每一个目标的，这样构造出的模糊函数带有目标性，且是[0，1]区间的一个量化数，这样函数的构造就比较有针对性，且更好地反映了目标化的统一。

This paper presents the portfolio selection problem of two-attribute money and creates a model of portfolio selection based on two-attribute money, which can both contain the existing portfolio models and overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies. A series of new concepts is put forward, such as, holding wealth, obtainable wealth, short-term utility function, short-term expectation-variance utility function, state-expectation-variance utility function, short-term expectation-variance utility curve, long-term expectation-variance utility curve, margin utility contribution force, additional contribution force, profit-risk exchange rate and optimal portfolio expansion curve; The state-expectation-variance analytical method is developed from the expectation-variance analytical method; A set of systematic theories concerning two-attribute portfolio selection is thus established.

本文提出了两属性货币的证券组合选择问题；创建了既能包含现有证券组合选择模型又能克服上述两点不足的两属性证券组合选择模型；提出了持有财富、可获财富，短期效用函数，短期期望—方差效用函数、状态—期望—方差效用函数，短期期望—方差效用曲线、长期期望—方差效用曲线，边际效用贡献力，附加贡献力，收益—风险替换率，最优证券组合扩展线等一系列新概念；把期望—方差分析方法发展成状态—期望—方差分析方法；建立了两属性证券组合选择模型的一套系统的理论。

The supplies catenary risk consequence estimation that does not decide abiogenesis risk incident is brought about is the difficulty place that the risk estimates.

不确定偶发风险事件导致的供应链风险后果的估计是风险估计的难点所在。

Abstract－Online group negotiation mode based on credit brings in credit mechanism, provides an safe and convenient trading platform to both vendor and purchaser, and it is an tri-win mode: Consumers can get goods and better service at a favorable price. Network agency can run without stock, be free of the risk of sale and physical distribution, return and exchange of commodities are taken in charge by suppliers, as a result, network agencies reduce the operation risk and cost, and make agency expense. Suppliers can sell a great deal of commodities, reduce operation cost and inventory risk, and get enough profit and many information of consumers with this mode in such a competitive meager profit times.

文中提出的基于信用的网上集体议价模式引入了信用机制，为买卖双方提供了安全便捷的交易平台，是一个三赢的模式：消费者能以优惠的价格购得商品和更好的服务；网络中介没有库存积压，无需承担销售风险，物流，退货、换货均由厂家负责，降低了自己的经营风险和成本，赚取了中介费用；厂商能在竞争激烈的微利时代，利用此通路出售大量商品，减少作业成本和库存风险，获得足够的利润，此外还可以获得大量的消费者信息。

The thesis is to establish systematical and perfect rate index and warning method of humane capital investment and management risk which is the important approach of preventive control and enterprises' humane capital risk auditing which is the important approach of aferwards control because of the condition of focusing on the process control of enterprises' humane capital investment risk in Chinese academe.

针对我国学术界企业人力资本投资风险的研究集中于事中控制的现状，本文对企业人力资本投资风险事前控制重要手段——企业人力资本投资管理风险的评估指标和评估与预警方法，企业人力资本投资风险事后控制重要工具——人力资本投资风险审计等进行了研究

The social origin of credit risk include: the dissatisfaction of appetence, the pursuit of life style and taste in order to achieve the upward mobility, the fragments of expert knowledge fostered by risk society and inestimable characteristic of risk.

本文指出，消费社会的欲望的不可满足性，消费社会中人们对生活风格和品味的追求以实现向上流动，风险社会所孕育的专家知识的片段性以及风险的不可估量性特征是信用卡风险的社会来源。

For example, glass, ceramics class, such as commodities or crafts products, losses due to fragmentation, when the insured or in the life insurance on the basis W.P.A. broken security risk; hemp goods, after damp heat, caused by mildew , brought about by loss of spontaneous combustion, or in life insurance on the basis W.P.A. security risk damp heat; asbestos, cement board, marble and other building materials product category, resulting in major losses due to fragmentation, it should be in the life insurance security based on the risk of breakage.

例如，玻璃制品、陶瓷类的日用品或工艺品等产品，会因破碎造成损失，投保时可在平安险或水渍险的基础上加保破碎险；麻类商品，受潮后会发热、引起霉变、自燃等带来损失，应在平安险或水渍险的基础上加保受热受潮险；石棉瓦、水泥板、大理石等建筑材料类商品，主要损失因破碎导致，应该在平安险的基础上加保破碎险。

The same can also be said of the IRB approaches to credit risk and those for assessing the capital requirement for operational risk where capital requirements are more closely linked to risk.

内部评级法对信用风险和操作风险资本要求的处理也采用了相同的方法，以便将资本要求与风险更加紧密地联系在一起。

In this paper, the capital risk management of international construction by means of risk analysis is described. First, the traditional theories of capital risk analysis are discussed in detail. Then, possible capital risks in international construction contracting are analyzed and assessed systematically.Third,a series of mathematical models of assessing capital risks are established after analyzing the cash flow of the project. Based on the analysis mentioned above, computer simulation programs are developed.

将风险分析技术用于国际工程资金管理领域，在总结以往的风险分析理论的基础上，通过对国际工程承包资金风险的辨识、估计和评价，结合对工程现金流分析，系统分析了国际工程承包中可能遇到的风险，建立了一组资金风险评价的数学模型，并结合计算机模拟技术，编制了风险模拟计算程序。

The dissecting of samples in group2 were difficult. The root of pulmonary artery and ascending aorta failed to be unfolded because fibrous tissue was tough, right and left fibrous trigone were too firm to be solved by hand. Cardiac muscle fibers couldn't be stripped along myofibrillar trajectory since they were prone to break because of their friability.

组2的心脏解剖困难，表现为纤维组织坚韧，游离肺动脉非常困难；徒手无法松解左、右纤维三角，肺动脉和主动脉根部的游离非常困难；心肌纤维坚硬、质脆，解剖时容易断离成碎块，无法沿纤维走行方向剥离。

We have battled against the odds in a province that has become increasingly violent.

我们对在一个争夺日益激烈省的可能性。