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In this work the influence of surfactants CTAB and SDBS on the surface properties and imbibition for oil wet limestone is investigated at 62℃ by the ways of capillary rise, imbibition, and relative permeabilities curves.

本工作采用毛管上升、渗吸及相对渗透率曲线方法，在62℃下研究了CTAB和SDBS溶液对油湿灰岩表面性质及渗吸行为的影响。

The basic principle, advantage, disadvantage and the improvement for measuring liquid surface tension with different methods were described. The methods were capillary rise method, Wilhelmy plate method, pendent drop method, drop volume method, maximum bubble pressure method. The problems in the surface tension measurement of wide temperature and pressure range, the chosen of experimental methods and the development tendency of these were introduced especially in this paper.

本文着重介绍了几种液体表面张力的测定方法（包括毛细管上升法、Wilhelmy盘法、悬滴法、滴体积法、最大气泡压力法），包括这几种方法的测定原理、优缺点及改进方法，特别指出了宽温度和压力范围的表面张力测定存在的问题，实验方法的选择及表面张力测定方法的发展趋势。

Firstly we mixed five kinds of salty soils that the silt-clay content is different. Next, standard compaction test, shear test, unloaded expansion test, compression test, height and speed of capillary rise test have been done.

配制了五种粉粘粒含量不同的盐渍土，做了土样的击实试验、剪切试验、无荷载膨胀试验、压缩试验、毛细水上升试验和冻胀盐胀试验。

Surface tension ; capillary rise method ; differential ; Wilhelmy plate method ; pendent drop method ; drop volume method ; maximum bubble pressure method

表面张力；毛细管上升法；差分； Wilhelmy盘法；悬滴法；滴体积；最大气泡压力法

In addition, we have also measured the contact angle that stilled water contact with powder-graphite with the capillary rise method based on Washburn's equation.

石墨粉末表面色散自由能为21.8mJ.m-2，极性自由能为1.8mJ.m-2，总的表面自由能约为23.6mJ.m-2，以色散自由能为主。这是去离子水能够湿润石墨粉末，但湿润性相对较差的一个原因。

In this paper,Laterite soil adjacent to some stake of the highway in Chenzhou, Hunan section from Xiamen to Chengdu was used to investigate the deformation characteristics and protection methods of the Laterite soil subgrade under the influence of environment factors.Properties like water-holding capacity,capillary rise, coupled heat-moisture transfer and wetting deformation of samples under different compactness were studied through a series of laboratory tests.In addition,by using meteorological data of two consecutive years in Chenzhou,coupled process of moisture transfer and subgrade deformation was stimulated under the impacts of groundwater and the atmosphere.Specific work done in this paper is as follows:(1) Samples under different compactness were subjected to a series of conventional laboratory tests,such as permeability,consolidation,contraction,shear test and etc.

论文以厦门至成都高速公路湖南郴州段的红粘土为研究对象，以环境因素作用下红粘土路基的变形特征与防护方法为研究目的，通过室内试验研究了不同压实度红粘土的持水性能、毛细上升、湿热耦合迁移及湿化变形等特征，借助郴州地区连续两年的气象数据，模拟在地下水和大气的共同作用下路基内部红粘土水分迁移与路基变形的耦合过程，主要研究内容及结论如下：(1)针对不同压实度的红粘土，系统开展了其渗透、固结、收缩、剪切等试验研究。

Lastly, we summed up the law about the change of maximum dry density, optimum water content, angle of internal friction, cohesion, unloaded expansion capacity, compacting factor, height and speed of capillary rise, frost heave and salt expansion capacity with the change of silt-clay content. Besides, we analyzed the result.

总结了粉粘粒含量变化对土样最佳含水量、最大干密度、剪切强度、无荷载膨胀量、压缩系数、毛细水上升高度及速度和冻胀盐胀量的影响规律，并进行了量化分析。

The basic principle,advantage,disadvantage and the improvement for measuring liquid surface tension with different methods were described.The methods were capillary rise method,Wilhelmy plate method,pendent drop method,drop volume method,maximum bubble pressure method.The problems in the surface tension measurement of wide temperature and pressure range,the chos...

本文着重介绍了几种液体表面张力的测定方法(包括毛细管上升法、Wilhelmy盘法、悬滴法、滴体积法、最大气泡压力法)，包括这几种方法的测定原理、优缺点及改进方法，特别指出了宽温度和压力范围的表面张力测定存在的问题，实验方法的选择及表面张力测定方法的发展趋势。

The following results were obtained: 1. Several multi-pore materials were compared and a nylon membrane was choosed to conduct experiments. 2. Two devices and methods for controlling negative hydraulic heads were developed. Coupled with the devices, a system for precise control of soil moisture udring pot experiment was developed. 3. Two times of pot experiment studying wheat seedling growth under precise soil moisture control were conducted. Some very important results were obtained. 4. Capillary rise, horizontal and vertical infiltration under different nagative hydraulic heads were observed. The concepts of "critical wetting distance" and "wetting coefficient" were proposed. The linear relationship between wetting front movement distance and cumulative infiltration amount was confirmed. Spatial distribution model of soil moisture and its simple derivation method were established.

通过该项目支持，获得了以下的研究成果： 1、比较和检验了不同多孔材料，初步选定了用于水分控制的多孔膜材料； 2、完成了两种负水头控制方法与装置的研究，并制作了仪器，与负水头控制装置配套，制作了盆栽实验用水分精控盆； 3、进行了两期小麦苗期水分精确控制盆栽实验，获得了一系列重要结论； 4、进行了不同负水头下土壤的毛管上升、水平入渗、垂直入渗研究，提出了临界湿润厚度、湿润系数两个概念，确定了湿润锋与入渗量的线性关系、土壤含水量的空间分布模型，土壤含水量空间分布的简单推算方法。

The results of the test show that the whole intensity and comprehensive stability of subgrade made a good progress because the capillary water cant rise by using the insulating layer. In the prior condition of taking insulating layer thickness as 0.2m, choosing insulating layer 0.5m, 0.8m, below the pavement, the stability of seasonal frozen soil subgrade is analyzed. The results of the test also show that the optimal position of the insulating layer is 1.0m～1.5m .

试验表明，由于隔离层的作用使得毛细水无法迁移，对路基整体的强度和综合稳定性都有了很大程度上的提高，同时试验还表明在隔离层厚度为0.2m的前提下，设置在距路面以下1.0m～1.5m位置，即路基表面以下0.5m～0.8m处对路基的稳定性最为有利。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐