查询词典 rill

In addition, with the progress of runoff scouring, the form of soil erosion changed from sheet erosion to rill erosion.

李勇等(1991)和李勇(1995)通过对黄土高原地区乔灌植被根系与土壤物理性质关系的研究，证

Rare earth element tracer method was used to study sheet erosion changing to rill erosion on slope land.

中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室，陕西杨凌712100

In this paper, a new REE tracer method was used to quantitatively distinguish sheet and rill erosion amount. The new REE tracer method should be useful to future studying of erosion processes on slope lands.

本研究为定量区分片蚀和细沟侵蚀量以及坡面侵蚀过程中片蚀向细沟侵的转变以细胞侵蚀发生、发育提供了新的思路和解决途径。

The erosion processes from sheet erosion, rill erosion, and to gully erosion were represented as well.

结合3种测量技术从测量精度、测量人员要求、数据处理、数据通用性、配套软件使用、前期投入、测量条件等几个方面入手，对比分析高精度GPS(Trimble 5700)、三维激光扫描仪(Leica HDS 3000)和测针板的3种测量方法的优缺点，同时对3种测量方法在沟蚀过程监测和侵蚀量估算方面进行对比研究。

It shows that runoff is closely correlated with the features of individual precipitation, and it is also affected by vegetation within a short period of time. Raindrop erosion, sheet flow erosion and rill erosion on the slope are the main soil erosion patterns; sediment yield occurs mainly in flood season. Human activity and individual precipitation are two important factors that control the soil erosion at a small watershed. Comprehensive management on the slope in a small watershed is an efficient measure of water and soil conservation.

分析表明，小流域的产流方式容易随次降雨条件的变化而变化，植被因素在较小时间尺度内就会影响产流；产沙主要来源于坡面上的溅蚀、片蚀和细沟侵蚀，时间主要集中在汛期；人类活动以及次降雨条件是控制小流域侵蚀产沙的重要因素；在小流域内进行坡面的综合治理是水土保持的有效措施。

Surface erosion occurs mainly in farmland, sparse grassland and woodland, is the rainfall and runoff erosion on the surface is relatively uniform, including the raindrop erosion, sheet erosion and rill erosion .

面蚀主要发生在坡耕地、稀疏牧草地和林地，是降水和径流对地表相对均匀的侵蚀方式，包括雨滴侵蚀、片蚀和细沟侵蚀。

Based on the problems of the change of erosion types on the slope, we used a new REE tracer method, by placing different rare earth elements of different soil depth across a slope in an indoor plot, simulated rainfall and INAA were applied to study sheet erosion changing to rill erosion on slope land.

提出并建立了一种新的利用REE元素研究坡面土壤侵蚀的方法根据坡面不同侵蚀方式演变过程定量分析存在问题，提出并建立了人为沿坡面垂直分层布设不同的REE示踪元素，利用室内人工模拟降雨试验和中子活化分析相结合的方法研究坡面侵蚀演变过程。

The major findings of this research can be summarized as follow:1 The comparison of USPED model-estimated amounts of soil erosion based on four different scales of DEMs (1:250,000, 1:50,000, 1:10,000, and 1:5,000) indicates that 1:50,000 -scale DEM is almost as good as higher-resolution DEM data in providing needed topographic information for assessing soil erosion, whereas 1:250,000-scale DEM underestimates soil erosion mainly because rill erosion and sheet erosion are greatly underestimated.2 Since precipitation is the most important forcing factor for soil erosion, the accuracy of soil-erosion estimates understandably relies on the adequacy of spatially distributing point-observed precipitation data.

取得的主要成果如下：(1)基于四个尺度(1∶250，000，1∶50，000，1∶10，000，and 1∶5，000)的数字高程模型和USPED模型计算的土壤侵蚀结果对比表明，1∶50，000的数字高程模型与更高分辨率数字高程模型提供了几乎一样的用以估算土壤侵蚀所需的地形信息，而1∶250，000的数字高程模型，由于过低的估算了细沟侵蚀和片蚀，从而过低的估算了土壤侵蚀的总量。

The main results were summarized as follows: 1 After forestland was destroyed into farmland, the main erosion type changed from sheet erosion to intensive rill and severe shallow gully erosion, accelerated soil erosion was severe and erosion intensity was hundreds to thousands times greater than those in the forestland prior to deforestation.

随着开垦年限的增加，单位降雨侵蚀力引起的侵蚀量呈加剧趋势。在植被破坏15年的裸露休闲地浅沟集水区，侵蚀蚀强度随坡长的增加而增加，且浅沟槽侵蚀量大于浅沟间，切沟沟槽侵蚀量大于切沟间。

According to the result of artificial rainfall, the character and factors affectedby soil, rainfall, chemicals, slope length, slope gradient and field mangment practices, for rainfall, runoff,infiltration, soil erosion and soil chemicals, such as NO_3~-, NH_4~+, PO_4~(3-), K~+ and Br~-, are investigated. Thedeterminate methods, influence factors and practical application of the mixing zone depth are also researched.The results can enrich the dynamics of soil, water and nutrient transport, evaluate the soil water and fertilizerefficiency, and theoretically benefit the research of agricultural NSP on loess hill slope. 1. According to the surface transport experiments of soil chemicals under the non-satuation soil and watererosion condiction, for adsorbed PO_4~(3-) and K~+, the time of sheet erosion and rill erosion initiation is coincidentthat of chemicals content in surface runoff climbs, and then their abundant export by surface runoff is urged.

本文以黄土坡地为研究对象，通过模拟降雨试验，研究土壤因素、降雨因素、化学物质理化性质、坡长坡度因素和农田管理措施等对坡地降雨—产流—入渗—土壤侵蚀—农田NO_3~-、NH_4~+、PO_4~(3-)、K~+和Br~-地表迁移的影响，研究非饱和土壤和水蚀条件下混合层深度的确定、影响因素和模拟，探讨其在黄土坡地的实际应用，为丰富坡地水分养分迁移动力学、提高旱地土壤水分养分利用率和深化农田非点源污染研究提供理论依据。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失